CHEM 238 Lab Final Exam (2026 Spring) Questions With
Complete Solutions
________________ can cause the formation of C-O, C-N, and
C-X bonds while _______________ causes the cleavage of
these bonds. Correct Answers Oxidation; Reduction
A carboxylic acid would have key functional groups and peaks
where on an IR spectrum and NMR spectra? (use the charts)
Correct Answers OH: about 3000 cm^-1
Carbonyl: about 1680 cm^-1
1H NMR: 10-13 ppm
13C NMR: 170-180 ppm
Aliphatic aldehydes will produce a practically
_____________________ color change while ketones and
aromatic aldehydes will produce the same color change at a
______________ rate.
A. instantaneous; faster
B. instantaneous; slower
C. delayed; faster
D. delayed; slower Correct Answers B
An enol can have multiple resonance forms. True or False.
Correct Answers True
At high temperatures, both paths are _________________ and
the ___________ stable path dominates.
A. reversible; more
B. reversible; less
C. irreversible; more
,D. irreversible; less Correct Answers A
At low temperatures the reaction is under _________________
control whereas at high temperatures the reaction is under
__________________ control. Correct Answers kinetic;
thermodynamic
At low temperatures, both paths are _________________ and
the ___________ path dominates.
A. reversible; faster
B. reversible; slower
C. irreversible; faster
D. irreversible; slower Correct Answers C
At low temperatures, conjugated dienes tend to favor the
________ adduct whereas at high temperatures they tend to
favor the ________ adduct.
A. 1,4; 1,2
B. 1,2; 1,4
C. 1,4; 1,3
D. 1,2; 1,3 Correct Answers B
Azo dyes account for ________ of all commercial dyes (choose
best answer).
A. >40%
B. >50%
C. >60%
D. >70% Correct Answers C
Based on Safety Case Study #2, which of the following are both
a physical and chemical mitigation (the others are just physical)?
,A. Hand-Washing
B. Gloves
C. Goggles
D. Safety Shower
E. Eyewash
F. Fume Hoods
G. Appropriate Clothing Correct Answers A, D, and E
Based on Safety Case Study #2, which of the following are
hazards to the skin, which to the eye/face, and which is an
inhalation hazard?
A. Hand-Washing
B. Gloves
C. Goggles
D. Safety Shower
E. Eyewash
F. Fume Hoods
G. Appropriate Clothing Correct Answers Skin: A, B, D, G
Eye/Face: C, E
Inhalation: F
Based on Safety Case Study #2, which of the following are
preventive safety measures (the others are responsive)?
A. Hand-Washing
B. Gloves
C. Goggles
D. Safety Shower
E. Eyewash
F. Fume Hoods
G. Appropriate Clothing Correct Answers B, C, F, and G
, Based on Safety Case Study #2, which of the following
recommend nitrile rubber gloves for skin protection (choose
multiple)?
A. Salicylic Acid
B. Camphor
C. Acetone
D. Dichloromethane
E. Sodium Borohydride Correct Answers A, B, and E
Based on Safety Case Study #2, why would the composition of
the gloves make a difference? Correct Answers The
composition of the nitrile gloves would make it less resistant to
solvation or degradation by a liquid solvent. This is beneficial
for the compounds in the previous question since they are solid
at room temperature.
Based on Safety Case Study #3, what are the three main types of
liquid waste streams typical in organic chemistry labs? Correct
Answers aqueous, non-halogenated organic, and halogenated
organic
Based on Safety Case Study #3, what is the first step in
segregating chemical waste? Correct Answers determining
whether it is hazardous to the environment and/or what it might
react with as it enters local sewage
Based on Safety Case Study #3, what subcategories can the
liquid waste streams be split into (for helping define the nature
of chemicals dissolved in solution)? Correct Answers aqueous
acidic waste, aqueous basic waste, aqueous oxidizing waste, and
aqueous heavy metal waste
Complete Solutions
________________ can cause the formation of C-O, C-N, and
C-X bonds while _______________ causes the cleavage of
these bonds. Correct Answers Oxidation; Reduction
A carboxylic acid would have key functional groups and peaks
where on an IR spectrum and NMR spectra? (use the charts)
Correct Answers OH: about 3000 cm^-1
Carbonyl: about 1680 cm^-1
1H NMR: 10-13 ppm
13C NMR: 170-180 ppm
Aliphatic aldehydes will produce a practically
_____________________ color change while ketones and
aromatic aldehydes will produce the same color change at a
______________ rate.
A. instantaneous; faster
B. instantaneous; slower
C. delayed; faster
D. delayed; slower Correct Answers B
An enol can have multiple resonance forms. True or False.
Correct Answers True
At high temperatures, both paths are _________________ and
the ___________ stable path dominates.
A. reversible; more
B. reversible; less
C. irreversible; more
,D. irreversible; less Correct Answers A
At low temperatures the reaction is under _________________
control whereas at high temperatures the reaction is under
__________________ control. Correct Answers kinetic;
thermodynamic
At low temperatures, both paths are _________________ and
the ___________ path dominates.
A. reversible; faster
B. reversible; slower
C. irreversible; faster
D. irreversible; slower Correct Answers C
At low temperatures, conjugated dienes tend to favor the
________ adduct whereas at high temperatures they tend to
favor the ________ adduct.
A. 1,4; 1,2
B. 1,2; 1,4
C. 1,4; 1,3
D. 1,2; 1,3 Correct Answers B
Azo dyes account for ________ of all commercial dyes (choose
best answer).
A. >40%
B. >50%
C. >60%
D. >70% Correct Answers C
Based on Safety Case Study #2, which of the following are both
a physical and chemical mitigation (the others are just physical)?
,A. Hand-Washing
B. Gloves
C. Goggles
D. Safety Shower
E. Eyewash
F. Fume Hoods
G. Appropriate Clothing Correct Answers A, D, and E
Based on Safety Case Study #2, which of the following are
hazards to the skin, which to the eye/face, and which is an
inhalation hazard?
A. Hand-Washing
B. Gloves
C. Goggles
D. Safety Shower
E. Eyewash
F. Fume Hoods
G. Appropriate Clothing Correct Answers Skin: A, B, D, G
Eye/Face: C, E
Inhalation: F
Based on Safety Case Study #2, which of the following are
preventive safety measures (the others are responsive)?
A. Hand-Washing
B. Gloves
C. Goggles
D. Safety Shower
E. Eyewash
F. Fume Hoods
G. Appropriate Clothing Correct Answers B, C, F, and G
, Based on Safety Case Study #2, which of the following
recommend nitrile rubber gloves for skin protection (choose
multiple)?
A. Salicylic Acid
B. Camphor
C. Acetone
D. Dichloromethane
E. Sodium Borohydride Correct Answers A, B, and E
Based on Safety Case Study #2, why would the composition of
the gloves make a difference? Correct Answers The
composition of the nitrile gloves would make it less resistant to
solvation or degradation by a liquid solvent. This is beneficial
for the compounds in the previous question since they are solid
at room temperature.
Based on Safety Case Study #3, what are the three main types of
liquid waste streams typical in organic chemistry labs? Correct
Answers aqueous, non-halogenated organic, and halogenated
organic
Based on Safety Case Study #3, what is the first step in
segregating chemical waste? Correct Answers determining
whether it is hazardous to the environment and/or what it might
react with as it enters local sewage
Based on Safety Case Study #3, what subcategories can the
liquid waste streams be split into (for helping define the nature
of chemicals dissolved in solution)? Correct Answers aqueous
acidic waste, aqueous basic waste, aqueous oxidizing waste, and
aqueous heavy metal waste
