Unit 6.1 - 6.7 Vocab
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ivyyhr
1. Central Pacific Railroad company that built the western half of the transcontinental railroad from
Company California using mostly Chinese laborers.
2. Union Pacific Railroad company that built the eastern half of the transcontinental railroad from
Company Nebraska using mainly Irish immigrants and Civil War veterans.
3. Promontory Location in Utah where the transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869 with
Point the "golden spike."
4. Telegraph Rapid long-distance communication system using electrical signals; helped unify
markets and railroad coordination.
5. National Grange Farmers' organization founded in 1867 to promote cooperation and push for
Movement railroad regulation and lower shipping rates.
6. Munn v. Illinois Supreme Court case (1877) that upheld state regulation of private industries
affecting the public interest (like grain warehouses).
7. Colored Farmers' Organization formed by Black farmers to fight discrimination and improve eco-
Alliance nomic conditions.
8. Virginia City, Mining boomtown that grew from nearby silver discoveries.
Nevada
9. Comstock Lode Major silver deposit discovered in Nevada that fueled western mining booms.
10. Chinese Exclu- 1882 law banning most Chinese immigration; first major U.S. immigration restric-
sion Act tion based on nationality.
11. Chinatown Urban ethnic enclaves where Chinese immigrants lived due to discrimination and
segregation.
12. Exodusters African Americans who migrated from the South to Kansas after Reconstruction
seeking land and safety.
1/5
, Unit 6.1 - 6.7 Vocab
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ivyyhr
13. Homesteaders Settlers who moved west to claim land under the Homestead Act.
14. Treaty of Fort Agreement that attempted to guarantee Native American land rights in the Great
Laramie Plains (later violated).
15. Dawes Severalty 1887 law that divided tribal lands into individual plots to assimilate Native Ameri-
Act cans and open surplus land to settlers.
16. Carlisle Indian In- Boarding school designed to assimilate Native American children into white cul-
dustrial School ture.
17. Wounded Knee 1890 killing of Lakota Sioux by U.S. troops; symbolized the end of armed Native
Massacre resistance.
18. "New South" Idea that the post-Civil War South would industrialize and modernize, though
agriculture and racial hierarchy largely remained.
19. Sharecropping Farming system where workers farmed land for a share of the crop, often trapping
them in debt.
20. Tenant farming Farmers rented land and tools for cash or crops, with slightly more independence
than sharecroppers.
21. Black Codes Southern laws restricting the rights and movement of African Americans after the
Civil War.
22. Jim Crow Laws Laws enforcing racial segregation in the South.
23. Separate but Legal doctrine allowing racial segregation if facilities were supposedly equal.
equal
24. Plessy v. Fergu- 1896 Supreme Court case that upheld segregation under "separate but equal."
son
25. Scientific racism Pseudoscientific theories claiming racial hierarchy to justify discrimination.
2/5
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ivyyhr
1. Central Pacific Railroad company that built the western half of the transcontinental railroad from
Company California using mostly Chinese laborers.
2. Union Pacific Railroad company that built the eastern half of the transcontinental railroad from
Company Nebraska using mainly Irish immigrants and Civil War veterans.
3. Promontory Location in Utah where the transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869 with
Point the "golden spike."
4. Telegraph Rapid long-distance communication system using electrical signals; helped unify
markets and railroad coordination.
5. National Grange Farmers' organization founded in 1867 to promote cooperation and push for
Movement railroad regulation and lower shipping rates.
6. Munn v. Illinois Supreme Court case (1877) that upheld state regulation of private industries
affecting the public interest (like grain warehouses).
7. Colored Farmers' Organization formed by Black farmers to fight discrimination and improve eco-
Alliance nomic conditions.
8. Virginia City, Mining boomtown that grew from nearby silver discoveries.
Nevada
9. Comstock Lode Major silver deposit discovered in Nevada that fueled western mining booms.
10. Chinese Exclu- 1882 law banning most Chinese immigration; first major U.S. immigration restric-
sion Act tion based on nationality.
11. Chinatown Urban ethnic enclaves where Chinese immigrants lived due to discrimination and
segregation.
12. Exodusters African Americans who migrated from the South to Kansas after Reconstruction
seeking land and safety.
1/5
, Unit 6.1 - 6.7 Vocab
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ivyyhr
13. Homesteaders Settlers who moved west to claim land under the Homestead Act.
14. Treaty of Fort Agreement that attempted to guarantee Native American land rights in the Great
Laramie Plains (later violated).
15. Dawes Severalty 1887 law that divided tribal lands into individual plots to assimilate Native Ameri-
Act cans and open surplus land to settlers.
16. Carlisle Indian In- Boarding school designed to assimilate Native American children into white cul-
dustrial School ture.
17. Wounded Knee 1890 killing of Lakota Sioux by U.S. troops; symbolized the end of armed Native
Massacre resistance.
18. "New South" Idea that the post-Civil War South would industrialize and modernize, though
agriculture and racial hierarchy largely remained.
19. Sharecropping Farming system where workers farmed land for a share of the crop, often trapping
them in debt.
20. Tenant farming Farmers rented land and tools for cash or crops, with slightly more independence
than sharecroppers.
21. Black Codes Southern laws restricting the rights and movement of African Americans after the
Civil War.
22. Jim Crow Laws Laws enforcing racial segregation in the South.
23. Separate but Legal doctrine allowing racial segregation if facilities were supposedly equal.
equal
24. Plessy v. Fergu- 1896 Supreme Court case that upheld segregation under "separate but equal."
son
25. Scientific racism Pseudoscientific theories claiming racial hierarchy to justify discrimination.
2/5
