Anthropology 2200 Exam 3 Questions With
Correct Answers
Ardipithecus kadabba - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-An early pre-australopiothecine
| | | | | | |
species from the late Miocene to the early Pliocene; shows evidence of a
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
perihoning complex, a primitive trait intermediate between apes and modern
| | | | | | | | | |
humans.
Ardipithecus ramidus - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A later pre-australopithecine
| | | | | | |
species from the late Miocene to early Pliocene; shows evidence of both
| | | | | | | | | | | |
bipedalism and arboreal activity but no indication of the primitive perihoning
| | | | | | | | | | |
complex.
Australopithecus aethiopicus - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-An early robust
| | | | | | |
australopithecine from East Africa, with the hallmark physical traits of large teeth,
| | | | | | | | | | |
large face, and massive muscle attachments on the cranium
| | | | | | | | |
Australopithecus afarensis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-An early australopithecine
| | | | | | |
from East Africa that had a brain size equivalent to a modern chimpanzee's and is
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
thought to be a direct human ancestor
| | | | | |
Australopithecus africanus - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A gracile australopithecine
| | | | | | |
from South Africa that was contemporaneous with Au. aethiopicus, Au. garhi, and
| | | | | | | | | | |
|Au. boisei and was likely ancestral to Au. robustus
| | | | | | | |
,Australopithecus anamensis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The oldest species of
| | | | | | | |
australopithecine from East Africa and a likely ancestor to Au. afarensis
| | | | | | | | | |
Australopithecus boisei - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Formerly known as
| | | | | | |
Zinjanthropus boisei; a later robust australopithecine from East Africa that was
| | | | | | | | | | |
contemporaneous with Au. robustus and Au. africanus and had robust cranial
| | | | | | | | | | |
traits, including large teeth, large face, and heavy muscle attachments.
| | | | | | | | |
Australopithecus garhi - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A late australopithecine from East
| | | | | | | |
Africa that was contemporaneous with Au. africanus and Au. aethiopicus and was
| | | | | | | | | | | |
the likely ancestor to the Homo lineage.
| | | | | | |
Australopithecus (or Kenyanthropus) platyops - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-An
| | | | | | |
australopithecine from East Africa that had a unique flat face and was
| | | | | | | | | | | |
contemporaneous with Au. afarensis. | | |
Australopithecus robustus - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A robust australopithecine
| | | | | | |
from South Africa that may have descended from Au. afarensis, was
| | | | | | | | | | |
contemporaneous with Au. boisei, and had the robust cranial traits of large teeth,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|large face, and heavy muscle attachments.
| | | | |
Australopithecus sediba - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-late species of australopithecine
| | | | | | |
from South Africa that may have descended from Au. africanus, was a
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
contemporary of Au. robustus, and expresses anatomical features found in
| | | | | | | | | |
Australopithecus and in Homo. | | |
Eoanthropus dawsoni - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The species name given to the
| | | | | | | | | |
cranium and mandible in the Piltdown hoax
| | | | | |
,Homo habilis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The earliest Homo species, a possible
| | | | | | | | | |
descendant of Au. garhi and an ancestor to H. erectus; showed the first
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
substantial increase in brain size and was the first species definitively associated
| | | | | | | | | | | |
with the production and used of stone tools
| | | | | | |
Lower Paleolithic - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The oldest part of the period during
| | | | | | | | | | |
which the first stone tools were created and used, beginning with the Oldowan
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Complex
Lucy - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-One of the most significant fossils: the 40%
| | | | | | | | | | |
complete skeleton of an adult female Au. afarensis, found in East Africa
| | | | | | | | | | |
Oldowan Complex - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The stone tool culture associated with
| | | | | | | | |
H. habilis and, possibly, Au. Garhi, including primitive chopper tools
| | | | | | | | | |
Orrorin tugenensis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A pre-australopithecine species found
| | | | | | |
in East Africa that displayed some of the earliest evidence of bipedalism
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Sahelanthropus tchadensis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The earliest pre-
| | | | | |
australopithecine species found in central Africa with possible evidence of
| | | | | | | | | |
bipedalism
Pithecanthropus Erectus - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The name first proposed by
| | | | | | | | |
Ernst Haeckel for the oldest hominin; Dubois later used this name for his first
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
fossil discovery, which later became known as Homo erectus.
| | | | | | | |
, Homo erectus - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-An early species of Homo and the likely
| | | | | | | | | | | |
descendant of H. habilis; the first hominin species to move out of Africa into Asia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
and Europe.
|
Sagittal Keel - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A slight ridge of bone found along the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
midline sagittal suture of the cranium, which is typically found on H. erectus
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
skulls.
Acheulian Complex - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The culture associated with H.
| | | | | | | | |
erectus, including handaxes and other types of stone tools; more refined than the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
earlier Oldowan tools.
| | |
Handaxe - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The most dominant tool in the Acheulian
| | | | | | | | | |
complex, characterized by a sharp edge for both cutting and scraping.
| | | | | | | | | |
Obsteric Dilemma - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A hypothesis to explain why humans
| | | | | | | | | |
often require assistance from other humans during childbirth to avoid
| | | | | | | | | |
complications, whereas most non-human primates give birth alone with relatively
| | | | | | | | |
little difficulty.
| |
Calculus - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Refers to hardened plaque on teeth; the
| | | | | | | | | |
condition is caused by the minerals from saliva being continually deposited on
| | | | | | | | | | | |
tooth surfaces. |
Clovis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-"Earliest Native American (''Paleoindian'') culture
| | | | | | | |
of North America; technology known for large, fluted, bifacial stone projectile
| | | | | | | | | | |
points used as spear points for big game hunting."
| | | | | | | |
Correct Answers
Ardipithecus kadabba - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-An early pre-australopiothecine
| | | | | | |
species from the late Miocene to the early Pliocene; shows evidence of a
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
perihoning complex, a primitive trait intermediate between apes and modern
| | | | | | | | | |
humans.
Ardipithecus ramidus - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A later pre-australopithecine
| | | | | | |
species from the late Miocene to early Pliocene; shows evidence of both
| | | | | | | | | | | |
bipedalism and arboreal activity but no indication of the primitive perihoning
| | | | | | | | | | |
complex.
Australopithecus aethiopicus - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-An early robust
| | | | | | |
australopithecine from East Africa, with the hallmark physical traits of large teeth,
| | | | | | | | | | |
large face, and massive muscle attachments on the cranium
| | | | | | | | |
Australopithecus afarensis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-An early australopithecine
| | | | | | |
from East Africa that had a brain size equivalent to a modern chimpanzee's and is
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
thought to be a direct human ancestor
| | | | | |
Australopithecus africanus - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A gracile australopithecine
| | | | | | |
from South Africa that was contemporaneous with Au. aethiopicus, Au. garhi, and
| | | | | | | | | | |
|Au. boisei and was likely ancestral to Au. robustus
| | | | | | | |
,Australopithecus anamensis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The oldest species of
| | | | | | | |
australopithecine from East Africa and a likely ancestor to Au. afarensis
| | | | | | | | | |
Australopithecus boisei - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Formerly known as
| | | | | | |
Zinjanthropus boisei; a later robust australopithecine from East Africa that was
| | | | | | | | | | |
contemporaneous with Au. robustus and Au. africanus and had robust cranial
| | | | | | | | | | |
traits, including large teeth, large face, and heavy muscle attachments.
| | | | | | | | |
Australopithecus garhi - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A late australopithecine from East
| | | | | | | |
Africa that was contemporaneous with Au. africanus and Au. aethiopicus and was
| | | | | | | | | | | |
the likely ancestor to the Homo lineage.
| | | | | | |
Australopithecus (or Kenyanthropus) platyops - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-An
| | | | | | |
australopithecine from East Africa that had a unique flat face and was
| | | | | | | | | | | |
contemporaneous with Au. afarensis. | | |
Australopithecus robustus - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A robust australopithecine
| | | | | | |
from South Africa that may have descended from Au. afarensis, was
| | | | | | | | | | |
contemporaneous with Au. boisei, and had the robust cranial traits of large teeth,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|large face, and heavy muscle attachments.
| | | | |
Australopithecus sediba - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-late species of australopithecine
| | | | | | |
from South Africa that may have descended from Au. africanus, was a
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
contemporary of Au. robustus, and expresses anatomical features found in
| | | | | | | | | |
Australopithecus and in Homo. | | |
Eoanthropus dawsoni - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The species name given to the
| | | | | | | | | |
cranium and mandible in the Piltdown hoax
| | | | | |
,Homo habilis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The earliest Homo species, a possible
| | | | | | | | | |
descendant of Au. garhi and an ancestor to H. erectus; showed the first
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
substantial increase in brain size and was the first species definitively associated
| | | | | | | | | | | |
with the production and used of stone tools
| | | | | | |
Lower Paleolithic - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The oldest part of the period during
| | | | | | | | | | |
which the first stone tools were created and used, beginning with the Oldowan
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Complex
Lucy - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-One of the most significant fossils: the 40%
| | | | | | | | | | |
complete skeleton of an adult female Au. afarensis, found in East Africa
| | | | | | | | | | |
Oldowan Complex - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The stone tool culture associated with
| | | | | | | | |
H. habilis and, possibly, Au. Garhi, including primitive chopper tools
| | | | | | | | | |
Orrorin tugenensis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A pre-australopithecine species found
| | | | | | |
in East Africa that displayed some of the earliest evidence of bipedalism
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Sahelanthropus tchadensis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The earliest pre-
| | | | | |
australopithecine species found in central Africa with possible evidence of
| | | | | | | | | |
bipedalism
Pithecanthropus Erectus - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The name first proposed by
| | | | | | | | |
Ernst Haeckel for the oldest hominin; Dubois later used this name for his first
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
fossil discovery, which later became known as Homo erectus.
| | | | | | | |
, Homo erectus - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-An early species of Homo and the likely
| | | | | | | | | | | |
descendant of H. habilis; the first hominin species to move out of Africa into Asia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
and Europe.
|
Sagittal Keel - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A slight ridge of bone found along the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
midline sagittal suture of the cranium, which is typically found on H. erectus
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
skulls.
Acheulian Complex - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The culture associated with H.
| | | | | | | | |
erectus, including handaxes and other types of stone tools; more refined than the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
earlier Oldowan tools.
| | |
Handaxe - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The most dominant tool in the Acheulian
| | | | | | | | | |
complex, characterized by a sharp edge for both cutting and scraping.
| | | | | | | | | |
Obsteric Dilemma - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A hypothesis to explain why humans
| | | | | | | | | |
often require assistance from other humans during childbirth to avoid
| | | | | | | | | |
complications, whereas most non-human primates give birth alone with relatively
| | | | | | | | |
little difficulty.
| |
Calculus - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Refers to hardened plaque on teeth; the
| | | | | | | | | |
condition is caused by the minerals from saliva being continually deposited on
| | | | | | | | | | | |
tooth surfaces. |
Clovis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-"Earliest Native American (''Paleoindian'') culture
| | | | | | | |
of North America; technology known for large, fluted, bifacial stone projectile
| | | | | | | | | | |
points used as spear points for big game hunting."
| | | | | | | |
