CMN 552 Comprehensive Final Exam | Questions and Answers | 2026 Update | 100% Correct – USA.

CMN 552 Comprehensive Final Exam | Questions and Answers | 2026 Update |
100% Correct – USA.

1. What are the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for a manic
episode?
Answer:
A manic episode involves a distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or
irritable mood with increased goal-directed activity or energy lasting at least 1 week (or requiring
hospitalization). Three or more of the following symptoms must be present (four if mood is only
irritable):

 Grandiosity
 Decreased need for sleep
 Pressured speech
 Flight of ideas
 Distractibility
 Increased goal-directed activity
 Excessive involvement in risky activities
The symptoms must cause marked impairment, hospitalization, or psychosis and cannot
be due to substances or medical conditions.




2. What are the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for hypomania?
Answer:
Hypomania involves elevated, expansive, or irritable mood with increased activity or energy
lasting at least 4 consecutive days. Symptoms are similar to mania but are not severe enough to
cause marked impairment or hospitalization, and psychosis is absent.




3. What are the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for a major
depressive episode?
Answer:
Five or more symptoms must occur during the same 2-week period, including either depressed
mood or loss of interest/pleasure:

 Depressed mood
 Anhedonia
 Weight/appetite changes

,  Sleep disturbance
 Psychomotor agitation or retardation
 Fatigue
 Worthlessness or guilt
 Poor concentration
 Suicidal ideation
Symptoms must cause distress or impairment and not be due to substances or medical
conditions.




4. What are indications for hospitalization in mood
disorders?
Answer:
Indications include:

 Severe symptoms
 Marked social or occupational impairment
 Suicidal ideation
 Need for extensive diagnostic evaluation
 Risk of harm to self or others




5. What are psychotic features in Major Depressive
Disorder?
Answer:
Psychotic features involve delusions or hallucinations occurring during depressive episodes.
They may be mood congruent or mood incongruent and indicate severe depression with poorer
prognosis.




6. What are melancholic features in depression?
Answer:
Melancholic features include:

 Severe anhedonia
 Early morning awakening
 Weight loss
 Excessive guilt

,  Psychomotor disturbance
 Suicidal ideation




7. What are atypical features in depression?
Answer:
Atypical depression commonly includes:

 Overeating
 Oversleeping
 Mood reactivity
 Psychomotor slowing
 Anxiety symptoms




8. What are catatonic features in mood disorders?
Answer:
Catatonic features include:

 Stupor
 Negativism
 Withdrawal
 Marked psychomotor retardation
 Mutism
 Posturing




9. What defines rapid cycling in bipolar disorder?
Answer:
Rapid cycling involves at least four mood episodes within a 12-month period.




10. What medical conditions should be ruled out in
depression?
Answer:
Conditions include:

,  Hypothyroidism
 Stroke
 Multiple sclerosis
 Endocrine abnormalities
 Neurological disorders




11. What are epidemiological characteristics of suicide in
adolescents?
Answer:
Adolescents have significant rates of suicidal ideation and attempts. Girls attempt suicide more
frequently, while boys have higher completed suicide rates.




12. What depressive symptoms are common in children?
Answer:
Symptoms include:

 Irritability
 Somatic complaints
 Psychomotor agitation
 Difficulty concentrating
 Fatigue
 School problems




13. What depressive symptoms are common in adolescents?
Answer:
Symptoms include:

 Anhedonia
 Hopelessness
 Irritability
 Social withdrawal
 Substance use
 Delusions of guilt or worthlessness