Biology Exam Revision Guide
1. Circulatory System
Main Function
Transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste throughout the body.
Main Organs
• Heart
• Blood
• Blood vessels
Blood Vessels
Arteries
• Carry blood away from heart
• Thick muscular walls
Veins
• Carry blood to heart
• Have valves
Capillaries
• Thin walls for exchange of substances
Heart Facts
• Right side pumps blood to lungs
• Left side pumps blood to body
2. Respiratory System
Main Function
, Gas exchange (oxygen in, carbon dioxide out)
Main Organs
• Nose
• Trachea
• Bronchi
• Lungs
• Alveoli
Alveoli Adaptations
• Large surface area
• Thin walls
• Rich blood supply
Breathing Process
Inhalation
• Diaphragm contracts
• Chest expands
Exhalation
• Diaphragm relaxes
• Chest volume decreases
3. Digestive System
Main Function
Breaks down food and absorbs nutrients.
Main Organs
• Mouth
• Esophagus