CNML CERTIFICATION EXAM
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS 2026
▶ Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA). Answer: Prevents
discrimination for staff who are older than 40
▶ Landrum-Griffin Act 1959. Answer: Rights of union members in their
unions; unions need by-laws, financials, and bill of rights; Secretary of
Labor is watchdog of union contract
▶ National Labor Relations Board. Answer: Independent board enforcing
NLRC; conducts unionizing elections; investigate union/employer
complaints; 5 members elected by President/Senate so politics determines
how pro or anti union board is
▶ Conciliation and Mediation. Answer: 3rd party attempt to keep
unions/management talking
3rd party to solve bargaining issues
▶ 7 Tests of Just Cause. Answer: 1. Notice: do employees know the rules
and consequences for breaking them
2. Reasonable: necessary rule/punishment for safe, efficient operation of
org
3. Investigation: looked into issue before punishment; get both sides
4. Fair and Objective Investigation: all parties and sides interviewed and
considered
5. Proof: facts support the breaking of the rule
6. Equal Treatment: treat people and situations and rule-breaking in similar
ways
, 7. Reasonable Penalty: discipline should match the severity of the
infraction; can be more lenient with employees in good and/or long
standing
▶ Autocratic/Authoritarian Leadership. Answer: Take charge; effective in
short term but negatively impacts employee morale; directive, critical, and
punitive; makes decisions, plans, fosters dependency
▶ Servant Leadership. Answer: Serving put first; holistic approach with
shared decision-making
▶ Leader. Answer: Need to do the right things, challenged by change,
focus on purpose, and think of the future; guide or show others
▶ Manager. Answer: Do things right, challenged by continuity, focus on
the present, consider schedules and evaluate performance
▶ Democratic Leadership. Answer: Maintain less control; ask questions
and make suggestions; group decision making and problem solving;
creates independence; not as efficient as autocratic
▶ Laissez-Faire Leadership. Answer: No control or plan; nondirective;
uninvolved; chaos can occur; inefficient and unproductive
▶ Situational Leadership Theory. Answer: Leadership approach should be
based on staff level of development with the task
▶ Competing Values Framework. Answer: Customize leadership style by
putting Leader with that skill on that project; 4 quadrants of competing
skills/focuses that leaders need to master; use different ones in different
situations
▶ Transactional Leadership. Answer: Leader sets goals for employees
and then rewards; task oriented; like manager; based on hierarchy
▶ Transformational Leadership. Answer: Promotes employee
development; has vision; networks; cooperative; influence change and
promote creativity; provide encouragement and support self-management;
optimistic
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS 2026
▶ Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA). Answer: Prevents
discrimination for staff who are older than 40
▶ Landrum-Griffin Act 1959. Answer: Rights of union members in their
unions; unions need by-laws, financials, and bill of rights; Secretary of
Labor is watchdog of union contract
▶ National Labor Relations Board. Answer: Independent board enforcing
NLRC; conducts unionizing elections; investigate union/employer
complaints; 5 members elected by President/Senate so politics determines
how pro or anti union board is
▶ Conciliation and Mediation. Answer: 3rd party attempt to keep
unions/management talking
3rd party to solve bargaining issues
▶ 7 Tests of Just Cause. Answer: 1. Notice: do employees know the rules
and consequences for breaking them
2. Reasonable: necessary rule/punishment for safe, efficient operation of
org
3. Investigation: looked into issue before punishment; get both sides
4. Fair and Objective Investigation: all parties and sides interviewed and
considered
5. Proof: facts support the breaking of the rule
6. Equal Treatment: treat people and situations and rule-breaking in similar
ways
, 7. Reasonable Penalty: discipline should match the severity of the
infraction; can be more lenient with employees in good and/or long
standing
▶ Autocratic/Authoritarian Leadership. Answer: Take charge; effective in
short term but negatively impacts employee morale; directive, critical, and
punitive; makes decisions, plans, fosters dependency
▶ Servant Leadership. Answer: Serving put first; holistic approach with
shared decision-making
▶ Leader. Answer: Need to do the right things, challenged by change,
focus on purpose, and think of the future; guide or show others
▶ Manager. Answer: Do things right, challenged by continuity, focus on
the present, consider schedules and evaluate performance
▶ Democratic Leadership. Answer: Maintain less control; ask questions
and make suggestions; group decision making and problem solving;
creates independence; not as efficient as autocratic
▶ Laissez-Faire Leadership. Answer: No control or plan; nondirective;
uninvolved; chaos can occur; inefficient and unproductive
▶ Situational Leadership Theory. Answer: Leadership approach should be
based on staff level of development with the task
▶ Competing Values Framework. Answer: Customize leadership style by
putting Leader with that skill on that project; 4 quadrants of competing
skills/focuses that leaders need to master; use different ones in different
situations
▶ Transactional Leadership. Answer: Leader sets goals for employees
and then rewards; task oriented; like manager; based on hierarchy
▶ Transformational Leadership. Answer: Promotes employee
development; has vision; networks; cooperative; influence change and
promote creativity; provide encouragement and support self-management;
optimistic
