HPEX 310 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 2026
*EXAM 1* - ANSWERS
Average lifespan - ANSWERSwomen- 81.1
men- 76.1
Life expectancy - ANSWERSdecreases because:
major chronic diseases
cardiovascular disease
cancer
stroke
4 major factors influencing health - ANSWERSlifestyle- 53%
genetics- 16%
environment- 21%
health care- 10%
Optimal health - ANSWERSencompasses all the dimensions of well-being
How to achieve state of wellness - ANSWERS-regular PA
-proper nutrition
-emotional/spiritual balance
-eliminating unhealthy behaviors
Components of wellness - ANSWERS1) physical
2) emotional
3) intellectual
4) spiritual
5) social
6) environmental
7) occupational
8) financial
"Healthy people" - ANSWERSstarted in 1980
goals: attaining high quality/ longer lives
-reducing risk of injury/premature health
-achieving health equity
Physical activity - ANSWERSany unplanned contraction of skeletal muscle that
increases energy expenditure
,Exercise - ANSWERSsub category of physical activity
-planned, structured, repetitive activity
Percentage of Americans achieve PA guidelines - ANSWERS-50% American adults do
recommended amt. of exercise
- recommended 30 minutes of exercises(moderate - vigorous)
Health related physical activity - ANSWERS-muscular strength
-muscular endurance
-flexibility
- body composition
Muscular strength - ANSWERSability of muscle to exert force
Muscular Endurance - ANSWERSability of a muscle to generate a submaximal force
over and over again
Body composition - ANSWERSratio of body fat to lean body tissue
Flexibility - ANSWERSability of muscle to continue to perform without fatigue
Skill related physical activity - ANSWERS-agility
-coordination
-balance
-speed
cardiorespiratory endurance - ANSWERSability of the circulatory and respiratory system
to supply oxygen during physical activity
Build self-efficacy - ANSWERSbelief that you can accomplish a specific goal/task
Modifiable barriers to change - ANSWERS-lack of knowledge/motivation
-denial
-perceived invulnerability
-low self-efficacy
Non-modifiable barrier to change - ANSWERS-time
-family commitments
Transtheoretical model - ANSWERS1. precontemplation
2. contemplation
3. preparation
4. action
5. maintenance 6. termination
Precontemplation stage - ANSWERSunaware of the problem
,Contemplation stage - ANSWERSaware of the problem & desired change
Preparation stage - ANSWERSintends to take action
Action stage - ANSWERSpractices the desired behavior
Maintenance stage - ANSWERSworks to sustain behavior change
6 months of change= habit
SMART goals - ANSWERSSpecific
Measurable
Attainable
Realistic
Timely
Principles of exercise training - ANSWERS-specificity
-reversibility(detaining)
-overload
-progression(10%): 5-10 lbs a week
-individualization
-recovery
Exercise Prescription(ExRx) - ANSWERSindividual amount of exercise that will promote
physical activity & achieve benefits for someone
Warmup - ANSWERSprecedes a workout
-low-moderate intensity
-increase muscle temp.
-increase ventilation
-increase blood flow
Vasodilatation - ANSWERSwidening of blood vessels due to more blood flow to
muscles
FITT principle - ANSWERSF- Frequency
I- Intensity
T- Time
T- Type
Cool down - ANSWERS5-10 minute period post-exercise
-low intensity
-lower body temp
-get blood back to heart
Skill related components to training for sports - ANSWERS-speed
, -agility
-balance
-time
-coordination
Guidelines for adults 18-64 - ANSWERS-150 minutes moderate intensity
-75 minutes vigorous intensity
-30 minutes most days of the week
Threshold for health benefits - ANSWERSthe minimum level of physical activity required
to achieve some of the health benefits of exercise
Barriers to physical activity - ANSWERS1. lack of time
2. environmental changes
3. inadequate resources
5. lack of motivation
Cardio respiratory endurance - ANSWERSability to perform aerobic exercise for a
prolonged period of time
VO2 max - ANSWERS-gold standard measurement of cardio respiratory endurance
- most valid measurement
VO2 max equations - ANSWERSQ x A- VO2 difference
(Heart rate x Stroke volume) x A-VO2 difference
Cardiorespiratory system - ANSWERSCardiovascular system & respiratory system
-heart & blood vessels + lungs and muscles involved
Cardiovascular system - ANSWERS-heart
-"2 pumps in 1"
-right side: pumps O2 depleted blood to lungs(pulmonary)
-left side: pumps O2 rich blood to tissues(systemic)
Circulatory system - ANSWERS-blood vessels
-arteries
-veins
Respiratory system - ANSWERS- lungs
-exhalation
-inhalation
-alveoli
Arteries - ANSWERScarry blood away from the heart
Veins - ANSWERScarry oxygen depleted blood from tissues back to heart
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 2026
*EXAM 1* - ANSWERS
Average lifespan - ANSWERSwomen- 81.1
men- 76.1
Life expectancy - ANSWERSdecreases because:
major chronic diseases
cardiovascular disease
cancer
stroke
4 major factors influencing health - ANSWERSlifestyle- 53%
genetics- 16%
environment- 21%
health care- 10%
Optimal health - ANSWERSencompasses all the dimensions of well-being
How to achieve state of wellness - ANSWERS-regular PA
-proper nutrition
-emotional/spiritual balance
-eliminating unhealthy behaviors
Components of wellness - ANSWERS1) physical
2) emotional
3) intellectual
4) spiritual
5) social
6) environmental
7) occupational
8) financial
"Healthy people" - ANSWERSstarted in 1980
goals: attaining high quality/ longer lives
-reducing risk of injury/premature health
-achieving health equity
Physical activity - ANSWERSany unplanned contraction of skeletal muscle that
increases energy expenditure
,Exercise - ANSWERSsub category of physical activity
-planned, structured, repetitive activity
Percentage of Americans achieve PA guidelines - ANSWERS-50% American adults do
recommended amt. of exercise
- recommended 30 minutes of exercises(moderate - vigorous)
Health related physical activity - ANSWERS-muscular strength
-muscular endurance
-flexibility
- body composition
Muscular strength - ANSWERSability of muscle to exert force
Muscular Endurance - ANSWERSability of a muscle to generate a submaximal force
over and over again
Body composition - ANSWERSratio of body fat to lean body tissue
Flexibility - ANSWERSability of muscle to continue to perform without fatigue
Skill related physical activity - ANSWERS-agility
-coordination
-balance
-speed
cardiorespiratory endurance - ANSWERSability of the circulatory and respiratory system
to supply oxygen during physical activity
Build self-efficacy - ANSWERSbelief that you can accomplish a specific goal/task
Modifiable barriers to change - ANSWERS-lack of knowledge/motivation
-denial
-perceived invulnerability
-low self-efficacy
Non-modifiable barrier to change - ANSWERS-time
-family commitments
Transtheoretical model - ANSWERS1. precontemplation
2. contemplation
3. preparation
4. action
5. maintenance 6. termination
Precontemplation stage - ANSWERSunaware of the problem
,Contemplation stage - ANSWERSaware of the problem & desired change
Preparation stage - ANSWERSintends to take action
Action stage - ANSWERSpractices the desired behavior
Maintenance stage - ANSWERSworks to sustain behavior change
6 months of change= habit
SMART goals - ANSWERSSpecific
Measurable
Attainable
Realistic
Timely
Principles of exercise training - ANSWERS-specificity
-reversibility(detaining)
-overload
-progression(10%): 5-10 lbs a week
-individualization
-recovery
Exercise Prescription(ExRx) - ANSWERSindividual amount of exercise that will promote
physical activity & achieve benefits for someone
Warmup - ANSWERSprecedes a workout
-low-moderate intensity
-increase muscle temp.
-increase ventilation
-increase blood flow
Vasodilatation - ANSWERSwidening of blood vessels due to more blood flow to
muscles
FITT principle - ANSWERSF- Frequency
I- Intensity
T- Time
T- Type
Cool down - ANSWERS5-10 minute period post-exercise
-low intensity
-lower body temp
-get blood back to heart
Skill related components to training for sports - ANSWERS-speed
, -agility
-balance
-time
-coordination
Guidelines for adults 18-64 - ANSWERS-150 minutes moderate intensity
-75 minutes vigorous intensity
-30 minutes most days of the week
Threshold for health benefits - ANSWERSthe minimum level of physical activity required
to achieve some of the health benefits of exercise
Barriers to physical activity - ANSWERS1. lack of time
2. environmental changes
3. inadequate resources
5. lack of motivation
Cardio respiratory endurance - ANSWERSability to perform aerobic exercise for a
prolonged period of time
VO2 max - ANSWERS-gold standard measurement of cardio respiratory endurance
- most valid measurement
VO2 max equations - ANSWERSQ x A- VO2 difference
(Heart rate x Stroke volume) x A-VO2 difference
Cardiorespiratory system - ANSWERSCardiovascular system & respiratory system
-heart & blood vessels + lungs and muscles involved
Cardiovascular system - ANSWERS-heart
-"2 pumps in 1"
-right side: pumps O2 depleted blood to lungs(pulmonary)
-left side: pumps O2 rich blood to tissues(systemic)
Circulatory system - ANSWERS-blood vessels
-arteries
-veins
Respiratory system - ANSWERS- lungs
-exhalation
-inhalation
-alveoli
Arteries - ANSWERScarry blood away from the heart
Veins - ANSWERScarry oxygen depleted blood from tissues back to heart
