Insurance Property and Casualty
Prep Companion 2026/2027
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Correct Detailed Answers | Built for Exam Success
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Hazard -ANSWER✅✅✅increases chance of loss
Insurance -ANSWER✅✅✅transfer of risk from a person or business to an insurer
Risk - -ANSWER✅✅✅uncertainty / possibility of a loss
Speculative risk - -ANSWER✅✅✅chance of loss or gain ; not insurable
Pure risk - -ANSWER✅✅✅chance of loss only insurance companies will insure
Exposure -ANSWER✅✅✅Risks for which the insurance company would be liable
Peril -ANSWER✅✅✅a cause of loss
Direct loss -ANSWER✅✅✅physical loss
Indirect loss -ANSWER✅✅✅consequence of the direct loss
Physical hazard -ANSWER✅✅✅the hazard can be seen
Moral hazard -ANSWER✅✅✅dishonesty
Morale hazard -ANSWER✅✅✅carelessness
Sharing -ANSWER✅✅✅Two or more individuals agree to pay a portion of any loss
incurred by a member of the group
Risk transfer -ANSWER✅✅✅The insurer agrees to pay if an insured has a loss
, Risk avoidance -ANSWER✅✅✅Eliminating a particular risk by not engaging in certain
activities
Risk retention -ANSWER✅✅✅The individual or business will pay for the loss if it
occurs or a portion of the loss via a deductible
Risk Reduction -ANSWER✅✅✅Lessening the chance a loss will occur
STARR -ANSWER✅✅✅Sharing
Transfer
Avoidance
Retention
Reduction
CANHAM -ANSWER✅✅✅Calculable
Affordable
Non-catastrophic
Homogeneous
Accidental
Measurable
Calculable risk -ANSWER✅✅✅Premiums must be calculable based upon prior loss
statistics for that particular risk in order to predict future losses.
Affordable risk -ANSWER✅✅✅The premium for transferring the risk should be
affordable for the average consumer.
non-catastrophic risk -ANSWER✅✅✅The risk must be non-catastrophic for the
insurance company
Homogeneous risk -ANSWER✅✅✅The risk must be similar in nature, so the same
factors affect the chance of loss
Accidental risk -ANSWER✅✅✅the loss must have been caused due to chance
Measurable risk -ANSWER✅✅✅A definite (time and place) and measurable loss
means that proof of loss must be established with numbers and dollar amounts, not just
casual references.
Contract -ANSWER✅✅✅an agreement between the insured and the insurer
1st party -ANSWER✅✅✅insured
2nd party -ANSWER✅✅✅insurance company