Reasons for keeping and raising animals
History
An animal species must meet the following criteria in order to have
been domesticated:
o Flexible diet: animal species that consume a wide variety of
foods, in particular food sources that cannot be consumed by
humans
o Reproductive and/or utilizable age rapidly reached (relative to
human lifetime)
o Reproduction possible in captivitiy
o Docile (non-aggressive) character
o Do not panic easily: e.g. deer display much flight behaviour and
can run themselves to death in response to panic/stress, which
makes them less domesticable
o Acceptance of humans as potential leaders/dominant individuals
Functions of animal keeping
Keeping animals for food
Is one of the main reasons
Differences in consumption of fish and meat between countries are
large
FAO = Food agriculture organization
GDP = Gross Domestic product, is used for: is a measure of the
economy of a country and is calculated as the total production of
economic goods and services, including product used in the country
itself
Meat consumption within a nation increases with increasing GDP
makes meat consumption generally a good estimation for the
economic development of a country
Fish is more likely to be consumed in countries with a low GDP,
especially if those countries have sea shores
The large variation in the fish/meat consumption ratio between
countries with a low GDP is caused by the availability of the protein
sources in a country
Keeping animals for meat
Slaughter stunning = to render unconscious during slaughter
(electrical, gaseous, mechanical)
Slaughter in fish:
o Most commercially-caught wild: die from suffocation (+ ice) (+
evisceration)
o Humane methods include: percussive stunning, spiking
Prok is clearly the preferred meat in the Netherlands and Europe, but
it is almost equally preferred to poultry meat
, Lamb:
o The dutch consume verry little lamb: 1,4kg/person/year
o Most lamp is exported to Belgium, Italy, France and Germany
o Same counts for veal
o ‘food laws’: describe the diets of people following specific
religions.
Buddhism:
o Considers living beings to be sacred, a belief that has translated
into widely practiced vegetarianism and veganism
o Avoid all foods related to processes where harm was done
Christianity:
o The food regulations differs from different groups
o Some fasting days
Hinduism:
o Meat was originally prohibited, many hindus today regared
vegetarianism as a way to maintain the respect observed for life
o They avoid the killing of any animal, the cleansing of those
involved in food preparation, which is a reflection on previously
existing caste-restriced
Islam:
o Involve specific rituals slaughtering procedures for animals of
consumption (haram) halal
o Fasting
o Most foods are halal while the list of haram foods includes pork,
alcohol and any products that may contain emulsifiers made from
animal fats
Rastafari movement:
o Most are vegetarian of vegan
o Foods that may be consumed are called ital: are characterised by
having no artificial colours, flavours or preservatives, hence being
considered pure or natural
o Avoid the consumption of alcohol and in some cases also tea,
coffee and other caffeinated drinks
Judaism:
o Kosher (allowed) or trefa (forbidden)
o Kosher foods include animals that have a completely split hoof
and hew cud (such as cows, goats and sheeps)
o Fish must have fins an scales
o A specific slaughtering process must be followed for meat to be
considered kosher
Pork:
o Pork is produced by crossing 4 pure meat breeds
o Litters comprise of 12.6 live piglets on average, a sow gives birth
an average of 2,36 times and produces 28=9.8 piglets every year
History
An animal species must meet the following criteria in order to have
been domesticated:
o Flexible diet: animal species that consume a wide variety of
foods, in particular food sources that cannot be consumed by
humans
o Reproductive and/or utilizable age rapidly reached (relative to
human lifetime)
o Reproduction possible in captivitiy
o Docile (non-aggressive) character
o Do not panic easily: e.g. deer display much flight behaviour and
can run themselves to death in response to panic/stress, which
makes them less domesticable
o Acceptance of humans as potential leaders/dominant individuals
Functions of animal keeping
Keeping animals for food
Is one of the main reasons
Differences in consumption of fish and meat between countries are
large
FAO = Food agriculture organization
GDP = Gross Domestic product, is used for: is a measure of the
economy of a country and is calculated as the total production of
economic goods and services, including product used in the country
itself
Meat consumption within a nation increases with increasing GDP
makes meat consumption generally a good estimation for the
economic development of a country
Fish is more likely to be consumed in countries with a low GDP,
especially if those countries have sea shores
The large variation in the fish/meat consumption ratio between
countries with a low GDP is caused by the availability of the protein
sources in a country
Keeping animals for meat
Slaughter stunning = to render unconscious during slaughter
(electrical, gaseous, mechanical)
Slaughter in fish:
o Most commercially-caught wild: die from suffocation (+ ice) (+
evisceration)
o Humane methods include: percussive stunning, spiking
Prok is clearly the preferred meat in the Netherlands and Europe, but
it is almost equally preferred to poultry meat
, Lamb:
o The dutch consume verry little lamb: 1,4kg/person/year
o Most lamp is exported to Belgium, Italy, France and Germany
o Same counts for veal
o ‘food laws’: describe the diets of people following specific
religions.
Buddhism:
o Considers living beings to be sacred, a belief that has translated
into widely practiced vegetarianism and veganism
o Avoid all foods related to processes where harm was done
Christianity:
o The food regulations differs from different groups
o Some fasting days
Hinduism:
o Meat was originally prohibited, many hindus today regared
vegetarianism as a way to maintain the respect observed for life
o They avoid the killing of any animal, the cleansing of those
involved in food preparation, which is a reflection on previously
existing caste-restriced
Islam:
o Involve specific rituals slaughtering procedures for animals of
consumption (haram) halal
o Fasting
o Most foods are halal while the list of haram foods includes pork,
alcohol and any products that may contain emulsifiers made from
animal fats
Rastafari movement:
o Most are vegetarian of vegan
o Foods that may be consumed are called ital: are characterised by
having no artificial colours, flavours or preservatives, hence being
considered pure or natural
o Avoid the consumption of alcohol and in some cases also tea,
coffee and other caffeinated drinks
Judaism:
o Kosher (allowed) or trefa (forbidden)
o Kosher foods include animals that have a completely split hoof
and hew cud (such as cows, goats and sheeps)
o Fish must have fins an scales
o A specific slaughtering process must be followed for meat to be
considered kosher
Pork:
o Pork is produced by crossing 4 pure meat breeds
o Litters comprise of 12.6 live piglets on average, a sow gives birth
an average of 2,36 times and produces 28=9.8 piglets every year
