Civil Engineering Terms Master Exam Prep
2026–2027: Complete Study Guide with
Updated Questions, Detailed Explanations &
Smart Revision Methods
Description (Well Explained)
This 2026–2027 Exam Study Guide is designed to help students prepare in a structured,
practical, and effective way—not just by memorizing answers, but by truly understanding how
to solve exam questions.
Unlike basic revision notes, this guide focuses on how questions are asked and how to
approach them correctly, making it easier to handle both familiar and unfamiliar problems
during exams.
Alligator cracking - ANSWER a series of interconnected of interfaced cracks caused by fatigue
failure of the asphalt concrete surface under repeated traffic loading
Amplitude - ANSWER the height between the trough and the crest of a wave
Blowups - ANSWER localized upward buckling and shattering of the slabs at traverse joins or
cracks
Breakwater - ANSWER the structure that protects harbor from stormy waves and permits
calm in the harbor
Asphatic Concrete - ANSWER a layer consisting of properly designed mix od coarse aggregate
fine aggregate, a filler and a bituminous binder
,Braking distance - ANSWER distance traveled by the vehicle after the application of the
brakes until it will stop
Average speed - ANSWER the average of the spot speeds of all vehicles passing a given point
in the highway
Barriers - ANSWER highway appurtenances designed to prevent vehicular penetration from
the travel way to areas behind the barrier such as to minimize damage to impacting vehicles
and their occupants and to reduce the risk of injuries to pedestrians and workers
Breaking waves - ANSWER waves which fall forward since the forward velocity of the crest
particles exceeds the velocity of propagation of the wave itself. In deep water, this normally
occurs when the wave length L is less than 7 times the wave height H (L < 7H) and in shallow
water when the depth d is approximately equal to 1.25 H
Base - ANSWER the component of the road structure which receives the traffic load and
transfer it to the subgrade
Base courses - ANSWER this normally consists of aggregates such as gravel and crushed rock
Breasting dolphins - ANSWER Type of dolphins which are designed to take the impact of the
ship when docking and to hold the ship against a broadside wind. Therefore, they are provided
with fenders to absorbed the impact of the ship and to protect the dolphin and the ship from
damage.
Basic capacity - ANSWER the max number of passenger cars that can pads a given point on a
lane or roadway during one hour under the most nearly ideal roadway and traffic conditions
which can possible be attained
, Bollard - ANSWER a vertical post to which the eye of a morring line can be attached
Batching - ANSWER process of proportioning cement, water, aggregates and additives prior
to mixing concrete
Bathymetry - ANSWER the physical configuration of the seabed, the measurements of depths
of water in the ocean, etc. and also information derived from such measurement
Broken back curve - ANSWER these consist of two curves in the same direction separated by
a short tangent
Beuforts Scale - ANSWER an instrument use to measure intensity of wind
Bulkhead - ANSWER a structure for retaining or to prevent earth or fill from sliding into water
Bitt - ANSWER the mooring fitting for mooring ships during a storm installed close to the
water line of the berth
Bitumen carpet - ANSWER a 20 mm thick premix bitumen layer over which is laid a seal coat
Capacity - ANSWER the maximum sustained 15 min rate of flow, expressed in passenger cars
per hour per lane, which can be accommodated by a uniform freeway segment under prevailing
traffic and roadway conditions in one direction
Bleeding or flushing - ANSWER the exuding of bitumen onto the pavement surface causing a
reduction in skid resistance
2026–2027: Complete Study Guide with
Updated Questions, Detailed Explanations &
Smart Revision Methods
Description (Well Explained)
This 2026–2027 Exam Study Guide is designed to help students prepare in a structured,
practical, and effective way—not just by memorizing answers, but by truly understanding how
to solve exam questions.
Unlike basic revision notes, this guide focuses on how questions are asked and how to
approach them correctly, making it easier to handle both familiar and unfamiliar problems
during exams.
Alligator cracking - ANSWER a series of interconnected of interfaced cracks caused by fatigue
failure of the asphalt concrete surface under repeated traffic loading
Amplitude - ANSWER the height between the trough and the crest of a wave
Blowups - ANSWER localized upward buckling and shattering of the slabs at traverse joins or
cracks
Breakwater - ANSWER the structure that protects harbor from stormy waves and permits
calm in the harbor
Asphatic Concrete - ANSWER a layer consisting of properly designed mix od coarse aggregate
fine aggregate, a filler and a bituminous binder
,Braking distance - ANSWER distance traveled by the vehicle after the application of the
brakes until it will stop
Average speed - ANSWER the average of the spot speeds of all vehicles passing a given point
in the highway
Barriers - ANSWER highway appurtenances designed to prevent vehicular penetration from
the travel way to areas behind the barrier such as to minimize damage to impacting vehicles
and their occupants and to reduce the risk of injuries to pedestrians and workers
Breaking waves - ANSWER waves which fall forward since the forward velocity of the crest
particles exceeds the velocity of propagation of the wave itself. In deep water, this normally
occurs when the wave length L is less than 7 times the wave height H (L < 7H) and in shallow
water when the depth d is approximately equal to 1.25 H
Base - ANSWER the component of the road structure which receives the traffic load and
transfer it to the subgrade
Base courses - ANSWER this normally consists of aggregates such as gravel and crushed rock
Breasting dolphins - ANSWER Type of dolphins which are designed to take the impact of the
ship when docking and to hold the ship against a broadside wind. Therefore, they are provided
with fenders to absorbed the impact of the ship and to protect the dolphin and the ship from
damage.
Basic capacity - ANSWER the max number of passenger cars that can pads a given point on a
lane or roadway during one hour under the most nearly ideal roadway and traffic conditions
which can possible be attained
, Bollard - ANSWER a vertical post to which the eye of a morring line can be attached
Batching - ANSWER process of proportioning cement, water, aggregates and additives prior
to mixing concrete
Bathymetry - ANSWER the physical configuration of the seabed, the measurements of depths
of water in the ocean, etc. and also information derived from such measurement
Broken back curve - ANSWER these consist of two curves in the same direction separated by
a short tangent
Beuforts Scale - ANSWER an instrument use to measure intensity of wind
Bulkhead - ANSWER a structure for retaining or to prevent earth or fill from sliding into water
Bitt - ANSWER the mooring fitting for mooring ships during a storm installed close to the
water line of the berth
Bitumen carpet - ANSWER a 20 mm thick premix bitumen layer over which is laid a seal coat
Capacity - ANSWER the maximum sustained 15 min rate of flow, expressed in passenger cars
per hour per lane, which can be accommodated by a uniform freeway segment under prevailing
traffic and roadway conditions in one direction
Bleeding or flushing - ANSWER the exuding of bitumen onto the pavement surface causing a
reduction in skid resistance
