NR EXAM vc
Exam Solution vc
Hist 325 Midterm 2026 A+ GRADE ASSURED COMPLETE
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SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (B7803) vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 1 vc
Diocletian
ANSWER
• Roman army raised to around 400,000 soldiers • Hired many new bureaucrats • Made a distinction be
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tween military and civilian power • Raised taxes o Attempted to standardize the tax system o Full censu
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s every 15 years, partial census every 5 years Never done before on this scale Indiction: tax cycle • Subd
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ivided the Provinces o Added new layers of leadership o Almost 100 provinces in the Empire Super pro
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vinces controlled the province • Vicar or Count Small provinces controlled by prefects • Attempted to cr
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eate the Tetrarchy o Senior Emperor Co-senior Emperor Two junior Emperors
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QUESTION 2 vc
o Crisis and Reform: Roman government at its "largest"
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ANSWER
Roman government changed many times throughout its history Rome went through a "period of crisis" i
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n the 3rd century • Germanic tribes were fighting in the north • Civil war rampant in the empire Able to
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reunify itself • Instituted many reforms
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QUESTION 3 vc
o Constantine and the first Christian emperors
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ANSWER
The Rise of Constantine 306-
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324 AD Won power slowly by defeating the fellow Emperors • His father was one of these Emperors Co
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nstantine became a Christian • How and why is up for debate • Claimed that the Christian God supporte
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d him • Devoted a lot of wealth to support Christian expansion • Edict of Milan (313): Allowed Christian
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s to practice Christianity in the Roman Empire • 324: Became the sole Emperor o All future Emperors w
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ould be Christianvc vc
,QUESTION 4 vc
o Constantinople as a New Rome
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ANSWER
Previously called Byzantium Constantine makes Constantinople his new capital Constantine built a mass
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ive Palace and Hippodrome in the City Population of around 300,000
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QUESTION 5 vc
o Roman law and the Law code of Justinian
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ANSWER
Corpus of Civil Law (520s- vc vc vc vc
565 AD) • Large code of law built from the collection of all old Roman laws • Attempted to make Roman
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law more Christianized o Made homosexuality illegal o Made divorce more difficult to achieve o Dislike
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d certain sects of Christians Roman law was extremely important in Rome • So many laws written, it wa
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s difficult to discern which law to follow Roman law was not static • 6th century change by Justinian
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QUESTION 6 vc
o The Late Roman army: mobile forces and frontier troops
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ANSWER
Largest under Diocletian Devoted more attention to cavalry Continually developing Largest army in the
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world (400,000-450,000) 4th-
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5th century • Massive endeavor to maintain the army • Separated in to stationary armies which guarde
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d borders and mobile armies Changed the way of recruitment • Family tradition is important • By the 4t
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h century, Rome recruited mainly outside of the Empire o Supplies were also pulled from outside Empir
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e Symbiotic relationship between the Empire and the army
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QUESTION 7 vc
Greek culture in early Byzantium: ancient culture revised
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ANSWER
o Early Greek literature: Homer and other mythic poetry Continued use of the Greek language kept Gree
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k writings alive o Classical Greek rhetoric and historical writing Historians were important for passing o
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n ancient knowledge o Classical and Hellenistic philosophy (Plato and Aristotle) Important in the Roman
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empire Most prestigious form of education • Plato is founding figure of philosophy (Neoplatonism) o Cl
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assical and Hellenistic "science" and medicine Greek medicine was not that effective, but very elaborate
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o Hellenistic and Imperial-era plays, novels, poems and satires
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, QUESTION 8 vc
o Elite Greek education and culture in the Roman empire
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ANSWER
Around 20% of Byzantines could read (15% for Rome) Sustained with some support from the Roman st
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ate • Greek elite schools were operated for the Elite o Tuition was required Sophists and philosophers i
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n the Later Roman empire • Sophists helped teach oration
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QUESTION 9 vc
o Formation of Barbarian Kingdoms in the Roman West
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ANSWER
Border was on the Rhine and Danu rivers to the North and Northwest 100,000-
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150,000 'Barbarians' migrated into the Roman Empire Most of Western Rome is broken up by 470 Barb
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arian kingdoms were roughly stable until the 370's
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QUESTION 10 vc
Germanic "Barbarian Invasions": Who were the "invading barbarian"?
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ANSWER
The Goths invaded the empire and defeated the roman army in 378 • Next emperor makes pact with th
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e goths • The goths resettle in the Balkans • Gothic general assassinated in 408 o Goths begin raiding ag
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ain o "Sack of Rome" Looted wealthy individuals in Rome o Goths and Visi-Goths are resettled Visi-
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Goths were given land in 413 and were allies to Rome from then on Vandals • Worked their way throug
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h western Europe and then conquered North Africa by 440
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QUESTION 11 vc
General Odovacer vc
ANSWER
• Took control of kingdom in 476 consisting of Italy • Ostro-
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Goths was the kingdom set up following Odovacer
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QUESTION 12 vc
o Justinian's Wars of Reconquest in N. Africa and Italy
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ANSWER
Came to power in the 520's Last Latin speaking Emperor Commits in the 530's to reconquest • Initially
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to target the Vandals o Defeat the Vandals in 533 • Starts war against Ostro-
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Goths in 534 o Fighting goes back and forth for 20 years o Takes back Rome Empire struck by Bubonic
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Exam Solution vc
Hist 325 Midterm 2026 A+ GRADE ASSURED COMPLETE
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (B7803) vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 1 vc
Diocletian
ANSWER
• Roman army raised to around 400,000 soldiers • Hired many new bureaucrats • Made a distinction be
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
tween military and civilian power • Raised taxes o Attempted to standardize the tax system o Full censu
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
s every 15 years, partial census every 5 years Never done before on this scale Indiction: tax cycle • Subd
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ivided the Provinces o Added new layers of leadership o Almost 100 provinces in the Empire Super pro
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
vinces controlled the province • Vicar or Count Small provinces controlled by prefects • Attempted to cr
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
eate the Tetrarchy o Senior Emperor Co-senior Emperor Two junior Emperors
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QUESTION 2 vc
o Crisis and Reform: Roman government at its "largest"
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ANSWER
Roman government changed many times throughout its history Rome went through a "period of crisis" i
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
n the 3rd century • Germanic tribes were fighting in the north • Civil war rampant in the empire Able to
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
reunify itself • Instituted many reforms
vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 3 vc
o Constantine and the first Christian emperors
vc vc vc vc vc vc
ANSWER
The Rise of Constantine 306-
vc vc vc vc
324 AD Won power slowly by defeating the fellow Emperors • His father was one of these Emperors Co
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
nstantine became a Christian • How and why is up for debate • Claimed that the Christian God supporte
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
d him • Devoted a lot of wealth to support Christian expansion • Edict of Milan (313): Allowed Christian
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
s to practice Christianity in the Roman Empire • 324: Became the sole Emperor o All future Emperors w
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ould be Christianvc vc
,QUESTION 4 vc
o Constantinople as a New Rome
vc vc vc vc vc
ANSWER
Previously called Byzantium Constantine makes Constantinople his new capital Constantine built a mass
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ive Palace and Hippodrome in the City Population of around 300,000
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 5 vc
o Roman law and the Law code of Justinian
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ANSWER
Corpus of Civil Law (520s- vc vc vc vc
565 AD) • Large code of law built from the collection of all old Roman laws • Attempted to make Roman
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
law more Christianized o Made homosexuality illegal o Made divorce more difficult to achieve o Dislike
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
d certain sects of Christians Roman law was extremely important in Rome • So many laws written, it wa
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
s difficult to discern which law to follow Roman law was not static • 6th century change by Justinian
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 6 vc
o The Late Roman army: mobile forces and frontier troops
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ANSWER
Largest under Diocletian Devoted more attention to cavalry Continually developing Largest army in the
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
world (400,000-450,000) 4th-
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5th century • Massive endeavor to maintain the army • Separated in to stationary armies which guarde
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
d borders and mobile armies Changed the way of recruitment • Family tradition is important • By the 4t
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
h century, Rome recruited mainly outside of the Empire o Supplies were also pulled from outside Empir
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
e Symbiotic relationship between the Empire and the army
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 7 vc
Greek culture in early Byzantium: ancient culture revised
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ANSWER
o Early Greek literature: Homer and other mythic poetry Continued use of the Greek language kept Gree
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
k writings alive o Classical Greek rhetoric and historical writing Historians were important for passing o
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
n ancient knowledge o Classical and Hellenistic philosophy (Plato and Aristotle) Important in the Roman
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
empire Most prestigious form of education • Plato is founding figure of philosophy (Neoplatonism) o Cl
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
assical and Hellenistic "science" and medicine Greek medicine was not that effective, but very elaborate
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
o Hellenistic and Imperial-era plays, novels, poems and satires
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
, QUESTION 8 vc
o Elite Greek education and culture in the Roman empire
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ANSWER
Around 20% of Byzantines could read (15% for Rome) Sustained with some support from the Roman st
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ate • Greek elite schools were operated for the Elite o Tuition was required Sophists and philosophers i
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
n the Later Roman empire • Sophists helped teach oration
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 9 vc
o Formation of Barbarian Kingdoms in the Roman West
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ANSWER
Border was on the Rhine and Danu rivers to the North and Northwest 100,000-
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
150,000 'Barbarians' migrated into the Roman Empire Most of Western Rome is broken up by 470 Barb
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
arian kingdoms were roughly stable until the 370's
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 10 vc
Germanic "Barbarian Invasions": Who were the "invading barbarian"?
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ANSWER
The Goths invaded the empire and defeated the roman army in 378 • Next emperor makes pact with th
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
e goths • The goths resettle in the Balkans • Gothic general assassinated in 408 o Goths begin raiding ag
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ain o "Sack of Rome" Looted wealthy individuals in Rome o Goths and Visi-Goths are resettled Visi-
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
Goths were given land in 413 and were allies to Rome from then on Vandals • Worked their way throug
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
h western Europe and then conquered North Africa by 440
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QUESTION 11 vc
General Odovacer vc
ANSWER
• Took control of kingdom in 476 consisting of Italy • Ostro-
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
Goths was the kingdom set up following Odovacer
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 12 vc
o Justinian's Wars of Reconquest in N. Africa and Italy
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ANSWER
Came to power in the 520's Last Latin speaking Emperor Commits in the 530's to reconquest • Initially
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
to target the Vandals o Defeat the Vandals in 533 • Starts war against Ostro-
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
Goths in 534 o Fighting goes back and forth for 20 years o Takes back Rome Empire struck by Bubonic
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