HESI EXAM vc
Exam Solution vc
HESI MED SURG exam 2026 A+ GRADE ASSURED COMPL
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ETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (D89C8)
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QUESTION 1 vc
An adult client who is hospitalized after surgery reports sudden onset of chest pain and
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dyspnea. The client appears anxious, restless, and mildly cyanotic. The nurse should furt
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her assess the client for which condition? Pulmonary embolism. Heart failure. Tuberculo
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sis. Bronchitis.
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ANSWER
Pulmonary embolism. Post- vc vc
surgical clients are at an increased risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which may result in pulmonary
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embolism if the clot breaks off and travels to the lungs. Signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolism in
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clude chest pain, dyspnea, anxiety, restlessness, and - in severe cases -
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cyanosis. Jarvis, Physical Examination and Health Assessment, 7th ed., p.493
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QUESTION 2 vc
Which information should the nurse obtain when performing an initial assessment of a c
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lient who presents to the emergency department with a painful ankle injury? (Select all t
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hat apply.) Quality of the pain. Signs of inflammation. Ankle range of motion. Muscle stre
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ngth testing. Visible deformities of the joint.
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ANSWER
Quality of the pain. Signs of inflammation. Ankle range of motion. Visible deformities of the joint. Initial
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assessment of a joint injury is performed to determine the extent of the damage. The nurse's initial asse
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ssment of a painful ankle injury should include pain quality, the presence of deformities, evidence of infl
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ammation, and range of motion. Jarvis Physical Examination and Health Assessment, 7th ed. p. 586-8
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QUESTION 3 vc
Which description of pain is consistent with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis? Joint pa
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in is worse in the morning and involves symmetric joints. Joint pain is better in the morn
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ing and worsens throughout the day. Joint pain is consistent throughout the day and is re
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,lieved by pain medication. Joint pain is worse during the day and involves unilateral join
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ts.
ANSWER
Joint pain is worse in the morning and involves symmetric joints. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoi
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mmune disease that causes joint pain and swelling. RA is characterized by pain that is worse when arisi
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ng and involves symmetric joints. Jarvis. (2016), Physical Examination and Health Assessment, 7th Ed., C
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hapter 22; p. 586 vc vc vc
QUESTION 4 vc
Which physical assessment finding should the nurse anticipate in a client with long-
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term gastroesophagealreflux disease (GERD)? Hoarseness. Dry mouth. Mouth ulcers. Wei
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ght loss. vc
ANSWER
Hoarseness. Dyspepsia and regurgitation are the main symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GE
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RD); however, hoarseness is one of the most common long-
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term symptoms of GERD due to the irritation of the reflux of gastric secretions. Ignatavicius, (2016). Me
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dical-surgical nursing: Patient-centered collaborative care, eight edition., Ch. 49, p. 1111.
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QUESTION 5 vc
A client presents with chronic venous insufficiency. Which assessment finding should the
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nurse anticipate? Bilateral lower leg stasis dermatitis. Clubbing of fingers and toes. Inter
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mittent claudication. Peripheral cyanosis. vc vc vc
ANSWER
Bilateral lower leg stasis dermatitis. Clients who suffer from chroninc venous insufficiency often develop
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statsis dermatitis in the lower extremities. Statis dermatitis appear as brownish-
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red discoloration on the lower extremities at the ankles which can develop into stasis ulcers due to the
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pooling of the venous blood flow back to the heart. Ignatavicius, (2013). Medical-
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surgical nursing: Patient-centered collaborative care, 7th ed.., Ch. 33, p. 803.
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QUESTION 6 vc
A client has been hospitalized with a femur fracture and is being treated with traction. W
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hich action by the nurse is the priority when caring for this client? Assess neurovascular
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status. Change the client's position. Inspect the traction equipment. Review pain medicat
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ion orders. vc
ANSWER
Assess neurovascular status. The use of traction for long bone fractures reduces the potential for damag
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e to the surrounding tissues. Reports of increased pain may indicate circulatory compromise or tissue d
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amage (compartment syndrome). Assessing the client's neurovascular status is the nurse's highest prior
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, ity. Ignatavicius, (2016). Medical-surgical nursing: Patient-
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centered collaborative care, eight edition., Ch. 51, pp. 1051-80.
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QUESTION 7 vc
Which statement made by a client with chronic pancreatitis indicates that further educat
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ion is needed? I will cut back on smoking cigarettes daily. I will avoid drinking caffeinate
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d beverages. I will rest frequently and avoid vigorous exercise. I will eat a bland, low-
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fat, high-protein diet. vc vc
ANSWER
I will cut back on smoking cigarettes daily. To prevent exacerbations of chronic pancreatitis, clients sho
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uld be instructed to avoid nicotine entirely. Additional teaching includes avoiding caffeinated beverages,
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resting frequently as needed, and eating a bland diet low fat and high in protein.Ignatavicius, (2016). M
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edical-surgical nursing: Patient-centered collaborative care, 8th ed., Ch. 59, pp. 1084-98.
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QUESTION 8 vc
Twenty four hours after a client returns from surgical gastric bypass, the registered nurs
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e (RN) observes large amounts of blood in the nasogastric tube (NGT) cannister. Which a
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ssessment finding should the RN report as early signs of hypovolemic shock? Faint pedal
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pulses. Decrease in blood pressure. Lethargy. Slow breathing.
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ANSWER
Lethargy. One of the early signs of hypovolemic shock is changes in the client's level of consciousness d
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ue to the decrease perfusion to the brain which can manifests as lethargy or confusion.
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QUESTION 9 vc
The registered nurse (RN) is assessing a client who was discharged home after managem
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ent of chronic hypertension. Which equipment should the RN instruct the client to use at
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home? Exercise bicycle. Sphygmomanometer. Blood glucose monitor. Weekly medication
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box.
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ANSWER
Sphygmomanometer. Self- vc
awareness is the best way for a client to manage chronic hypertension, so the client should obtain a sph
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ygmomanometer and learn how to monitor blood pressure daily and maintain a record. vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 10 vc
A client's susceptibility to ulcerative colitis is most likely due to which aspect in the clien
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t's history? Jewish European ancestry. H. pylori bowel infection. Family history of irritabl
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e bowel syndrome. Incorrect Age between 25 and 55 years.
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Exam Solution vc
HESI MED SURG exam 2026 A+ GRADE ASSURED COMPL
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ETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (D89C8)
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QUESTION 1 vc
An adult client who is hospitalized after surgery reports sudden onset of chest pain and
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dyspnea. The client appears anxious, restless, and mildly cyanotic. The nurse should furt
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her assess the client for which condition? Pulmonary embolism. Heart failure. Tuberculo
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sis. Bronchitis.
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ANSWER
Pulmonary embolism. Post- vc vc
surgical clients are at an increased risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which may result in pulmonary
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embolism if the clot breaks off and travels to the lungs. Signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolism in
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clude chest pain, dyspnea, anxiety, restlessness, and - in severe cases -
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cyanosis. Jarvis, Physical Examination and Health Assessment, 7th ed., p.493
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QUESTION 2 vc
Which information should the nurse obtain when performing an initial assessment of a c
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lient who presents to the emergency department with a painful ankle injury? (Select all t
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hat apply.) Quality of the pain. Signs of inflammation. Ankle range of motion. Muscle stre
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ngth testing. Visible deformities of the joint.
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ANSWER
Quality of the pain. Signs of inflammation. Ankle range of motion. Visible deformities of the joint. Initial
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assessment of a joint injury is performed to determine the extent of the damage. The nurse's initial asse
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ssment of a painful ankle injury should include pain quality, the presence of deformities, evidence of infl
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ammation, and range of motion. Jarvis Physical Examination and Health Assessment, 7th ed. p. 586-8
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QUESTION 3 vc
Which description of pain is consistent with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis? Joint pa
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in is worse in the morning and involves symmetric joints. Joint pain is better in the morn
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ing and worsens throughout the day. Joint pain is consistent throughout the day and is re
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,lieved by pain medication. Joint pain is worse during the day and involves unilateral join
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ts.
ANSWER
Joint pain is worse in the morning and involves symmetric joints. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoi
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mmune disease that causes joint pain and swelling. RA is characterized by pain that is worse when arisi
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ng and involves symmetric joints. Jarvis. (2016), Physical Examination and Health Assessment, 7th Ed., C
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hapter 22; p. 586 vc vc vc
QUESTION 4 vc
Which physical assessment finding should the nurse anticipate in a client with long-
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term gastroesophagealreflux disease (GERD)? Hoarseness. Dry mouth. Mouth ulcers. Wei
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ght loss. vc
ANSWER
Hoarseness. Dyspepsia and regurgitation are the main symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GE
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RD); however, hoarseness is one of the most common long-
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term symptoms of GERD due to the irritation of the reflux of gastric secretions. Ignatavicius, (2016). Me
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
dical-surgical nursing: Patient-centered collaborative care, eight edition., Ch. 49, p. 1111.
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QUESTION 5 vc
A client presents with chronic venous insufficiency. Which assessment finding should the
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nurse anticipate? Bilateral lower leg stasis dermatitis. Clubbing of fingers and toes. Inter
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mittent claudication. Peripheral cyanosis. vc vc vc
ANSWER
Bilateral lower leg stasis dermatitis. Clients who suffer from chroninc venous insufficiency often develop
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statsis dermatitis in the lower extremities. Statis dermatitis appear as brownish-
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red discoloration on the lower extremities at the ankles which can develop into stasis ulcers due to the
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
pooling of the venous blood flow back to the heart. Ignatavicius, (2013). Medical-
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
surgical nursing: Patient-centered collaborative care, 7th ed.., Ch. 33, p. 803.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 6 vc
A client has been hospitalized with a femur fracture and is being treated with traction. W
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hich action by the nurse is the priority when caring for this client? Assess neurovascular
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status. Change the client's position. Inspect the traction equipment. Review pain medicat
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ion orders. vc
ANSWER
Assess neurovascular status. The use of traction for long bone fractures reduces the potential for damag
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e to the surrounding tissues. Reports of increased pain may indicate circulatory compromise or tissue d
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amage (compartment syndrome). Assessing the client's neurovascular status is the nurse's highest prior
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, ity. Ignatavicius, (2016). Medical-surgical nursing: Patient-
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centered collaborative care, eight edition., Ch. 51, pp. 1051-80.
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QUESTION 7 vc
Which statement made by a client with chronic pancreatitis indicates that further educat
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ion is needed? I will cut back on smoking cigarettes daily. I will avoid drinking caffeinate
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d beverages. I will rest frequently and avoid vigorous exercise. I will eat a bland, low-
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fat, high-protein diet. vc vc
ANSWER
I will cut back on smoking cigarettes daily. To prevent exacerbations of chronic pancreatitis, clients sho
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uld be instructed to avoid nicotine entirely. Additional teaching includes avoiding caffeinated beverages,
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resting frequently as needed, and eating a bland diet low fat and high in protein.Ignatavicius, (2016). M
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edical-surgical nursing: Patient-centered collaborative care, 8th ed., Ch. 59, pp. 1084-98.
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QUESTION 8 vc
Twenty four hours after a client returns from surgical gastric bypass, the registered nurs
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e (RN) observes large amounts of blood in the nasogastric tube (NGT) cannister. Which a
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ssessment finding should the RN report as early signs of hypovolemic shock? Faint pedal
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pulses. Decrease in blood pressure. Lethargy. Slow breathing.
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ANSWER
Lethargy. One of the early signs of hypovolemic shock is changes in the client's level of consciousness d
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ue to the decrease perfusion to the brain which can manifests as lethargy or confusion.
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QUESTION 9 vc
The registered nurse (RN) is assessing a client who was discharged home after managem
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ent of chronic hypertension. Which equipment should the RN instruct the client to use at
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home? Exercise bicycle. Sphygmomanometer. Blood glucose monitor. Weekly medication
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box.
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ANSWER
Sphygmomanometer. Self- vc
awareness is the best way for a client to manage chronic hypertension, so the client should obtain a sph
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ygmomanometer and learn how to monitor blood pressure daily and maintain a record. vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 10 vc
A client's susceptibility to ulcerative colitis is most likely due to which aspect in the clien
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t's history? Jewish European ancestry. H. pylori bowel infection. Family history of irritabl
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e bowel syndrome. Incorrect Age between 25 and 55 years.
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