HESI RN med surg specialty EXAM A+ GRADE ASSURED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS

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Exam Solution vc




HESI RN Med Surg Test 2026 A+ GRADE ASSURED COMP
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LETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (79346)
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QUESTION 1 vc




Término
ANSWER

Definición



QUESTION 2 vc




In assessing a client diagnosed with primary aldosteronism, the nurse expects the labora
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tory test results to indicate a decreased serum level of which substance?
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A. Sodium vc



B. Phosphate
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C. Potassium
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D. Glucose vc




ANSWER

C Rationale:Clients with primary aldosteronism exhibit a profound decline in serum levels of potassium;
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hypokalemia; hypertension is the most prominent and universal sign. The serum sodium level is normal
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or elevated, depending on the amount of water resorbed with the sodium. Option B is influenced by par
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athyroid hormone (PTH). Option D is not affected by primary aldosteronism.
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QUESTION 3 vc




Client census is often used to determine staffing needs. Which method of obtaining censu
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s determination for a particular unit provides the best formula for determining long-
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range staffing patterns? vc vc



A. Midnight census
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B. Oncoming shift census
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C. Average daily census
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D. Hourly census
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ANSWER

,C Rationale:An average daily census is determined by trend data and takes into account seasonal and da
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ily fluctuations, so it is the best method for determining staffing needs. Options A and B provide data at
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a certain point in time, and that data could change quickly. It is unrealistic to expect to obtain an hourly
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census, and such data would only provide information about a certain point in time.
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QUESTION 4 vc




A male client has just undergone a laryngectomy and has a cuffed tracheostomy tube in p
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lace. When initiating bolus tube feedings postoperatively, when should the nurse inflate
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the cuff? vc



A. Immediately after feeding
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B. Just prior to tube feeding
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C. Continuous inflation is required
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D. Inflation is not required
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ANSWER

B Rationale:The cuff should be inflated before the feeding to block the trachea and prevent food from en
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tering if oral feedings are started while a cuffed tracheostomy tube is in place. It should remain inflated
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throughout the feeding to prevent aspiration of food into the respiratory system. Options A and D place
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the client at risk for aspiration. Option C places the client at risk for tracheal wall necrosis.
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QUESTION 5 vc




Which nursing action would be appropriate for a client who is newly diagnosed with Cus
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hing syndrome? vc



A. Monitor blood glucose levels daily.
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B. Increase intake of fluids high in potassium.
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C. Encourage adequate rest between activities.
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D. Offer the client a sodium-enriched menu.
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ANSWER

A Rationale:Cushing syndrome results from a hypersecretion of glucocorticoids in the adrenal cortex. Cli
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ents with Cushing syndrome often develop diabetes mellitus. Monitoring of serum glucose levels assesse
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s for increased blood glucose levels so that treatment can begin early. A common finding in Cushing syn
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drome is generalized edema. Although potassium is needed, it is generally obtained from food intake, no
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t by offering potassium-
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enhanced fluids. Fatigue is usually not an overwhelming factor in Cushing syndrome, so an emphasis on
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the need for rest is not indicated. A low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, low-
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sodium diet is not recommended. vc vc vc vc




QUESTION 6 vc




A client is admitted to the hospital with severe lower left abdominal pain, nausea, vomiti
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ng, fever, and chills. Which nursing action has the highest priority?
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A. Place the client on NPO status.
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B. Assess the client's temperature.
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, C. Obtain a stool specimen.
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D. Administer IV fluids.
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ANSWER

A Rationale:A client is showing signs of acute severe diverticulitis and is at risk for peritonitis and intest
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inal obstruction. The nurse should make the client NPO to reduce risk of intestinal rupture. Options B, C,
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and D are important but are less of a priority than option A, which is implemented to prevent a severe
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complication.



QUESTION 7 vc




A client on telemetry has a pattern of uncontrolled atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventric
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ular response. Based on this finding, the nurse anticipates assisting the physician with w
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hich treatment? vc



A. Administer lidocaine, 75 mg intravenous push.
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B. Perform synchronized cardioversion.
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C. Defibrillate the client as soon as possible.
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D. Administer atropine, 0.4 mg intravenous push.
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ANSWER

B Rationale:With uncontrolled atrial fibrillation, the treatment of choice is synchronized cardioversion t
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o convert the cardiac rhythm back to normal sinus rhythm. Option A is a medication used for ventricula
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r dysrhythmias. Option C is not for a client with atrial fibrillation; it is reserved for clients with life-
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threatening dysrhythmias, such as ventricular fibrillation and unstable ventricular tachycardia. Option D
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is the drug of choice in symptomatic sinus bradycardia, not atrial fibrillation.
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QUESTION 8 vc




Which change in laboratory values indicates to the nurse that a client with rheumatoid a
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rthritis may be experiencing an adverse effect of methotrexate therapy?
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A. Increase in rheumatoid factor
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B. Decrease in hemoglobin level
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C. Increase in blood glucose level
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D. Decrease in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR; sed rate)
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ANSWER

B Rationale:Methotrexate is an immunosuppressant. A common side effect is bone marrow depression,
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which would be reflected by a decrease in the hemoglobin level. Option A indicates disease progression
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but is not a side effect of the medication. Option C is not related to methotrexate. Option D indicates tha
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t inflammation associated with the disease has diminished.
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QUESTION 9 vc




A client with alcohol-
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related liver disease is admitted to the unit. Which prescription should the nurse call the
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