Kaplan Nursing Entrance Exam Practice
Questions 2026 REVIEWS WITH
COMPLETE ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS/
ALREADY GRADED A+ (MOST RECENT!!)
1.
Which of the following best describes the primary function of
the mitochondria?
o A) Protein synthesis
o B) Lipid storage
o C) Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
o D) Genetic information replication
o Rationale: Mitochondria are known as the "powerhouse" of
the cell because they are the primary site of cellular
respiration, where nutrients are converted into ATP to
provide energy for cellular functions.
2. In human anatomy, which bone is also known as the
"breastbone"?
o A) Clavicle
o B) Scapula
o C) Sternum
o D) Hyoid
,o Rationale: The sternum is the long, flat bone located in the
center of the chest. It connects to the rib bones via cartilage,
forming the rib cage that protects the heart and lungs.
3. Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with muscle
twitching and tetany?
o A) Hyperkalemia (high potassium)
o B) Hypocalcemia (low calcium)
o C) Hypernatremia (high sodium)
o D) Hypermagnesemia (high magnesium)
o Rationale: Low calcium levels (hypocalcemia) increase
neuromuscular excitability by lowering the threshold for
nerve and muscle activation. This heightened excitability can
lead to symptoms like muscle twitching, cramps, and, in
severe cases, tetany.
4. A patient with diabetes has a blood glucose level of 45
mg/dL. What is the first action?
o A) Give insulin
o B) Provide 15 g of oral glucose
o C) Call the provider
o D) Start IV fluids
o Rationale: A blood glucose of 45 mg/dL is severely low
(hypoglycemia). The initial treatment for a conscious patient
experiencing hypoglycemia is to administer a fast-acting
source of glucose, such as 15 grams of oral glucose (e.g.,
glucose tablets, fruit juice) to quickly raise the blood sugar
level.
5. What is the priority action for a patient experiencing
anaphylaxis?
o A) Administer an antihistamine
,o B) Give epinephrine IM
o C) Start IV fluids
o D) Apply oxygen
o Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for
anaphylaxis. It rapidly reverses the life-threatening symptoms
such as airway swelling, hypotension, and shock, primarily
through its vasoconstrictive and bronchodilatory effects.
6. Which of the following is a major class of biological
molecules, composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and
includes sugars and starches?
o A) Lipids
o B) Carbohydrates
o C) Proteins
o D) Nucleic Acids
o Rationale: Carbohydrates are one of the four major classes
of biological macromolecules. Their primary function is to
provide and store energy. They are composed of carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen and include simple sugars
(monosaccharides) and complex starches (polysaccharides).
7. Where in the plant cell does photosynthesis occur?
o A) Nucleus
o B) Chloroplast
o C) Mitochondria
o D) Ribosome
o Rationale: The chloroplast is the organelle specific to plant
cells and some algae where photosynthesis takes place. It
contains the pigment chlorophyll, which captures light
energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and
oxygen.
, 8. Which of the following refers to the movement of water
across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low
solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration?
o A) Active transport
o B) Diffusion
o C) Osmosis
o D) Phagocytosis
o Rationale: Osmosis is the passive movement of water across
a selectively permeable membrane. Water moves from a
region of lower solute concentration (higher water
concentration) to an area with higher solute concentration
(lower water concentration) until equilibrium is reached.
9. Which of the following biochemical reactions is NOT a major
process for generating ATP?
o A) Krebs cycle
o B) Glycolysis
o C) Transcription
o D) Electron transport chain
o Rationale: Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron
transport chain are the three main stages of cellular
respiration that produce ATP. Transcription is the process of
creating an mRNA copy from a DNA template and is part of
protein synthesis, not ATP production.
10.Which of the following is NOT part of the central dogma of
molecular biology?
o A) DNA replicates
o B) DNA is transcribed into RNA
o C) RNA is translated into protein
o D) The structure of DNA is a double helix
Questions 2026 REVIEWS WITH
COMPLETE ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS/
ALREADY GRADED A+ (MOST RECENT!!)
1.
Which of the following best describes the primary function of
the mitochondria?
o A) Protein synthesis
o B) Lipid storage
o C) Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
o D) Genetic information replication
o Rationale: Mitochondria are known as the "powerhouse" of
the cell because they are the primary site of cellular
respiration, where nutrients are converted into ATP to
provide energy for cellular functions.
2. In human anatomy, which bone is also known as the
"breastbone"?
o A) Clavicle
o B) Scapula
o C) Sternum
o D) Hyoid
,o Rationale: The sternum is the long, flat bone located in the
center of the chest. It connects to the rib bones via cartilage,
forming the rib cage that protects the heart and lungs.
3. Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with muscle
twitching and tetany?
o A) Hyperkalemia (high potassium)
o B) Hypocalcemia (low calcium)
o C) Hypernatremia (high sodium)
o D) Hypermagnesemia (high magnesium)
o Rationale: Low calcium levels (hypocalcemia) increase
neuromuscular excitability by lowering the threshold for
nerve and muscle activation. This heightened excitability can
lead to symptoms like muscle twitching, cramps, and, in
severe cases, tetany.
4. A patient with diabetes has a blood glucose level of 45
mg/dL. What is the first action?
o A) Give insulin
o B) Provide 15 g of oral glucose
o C) Call the provider
o D) Start IV fluids
o Rationale: A blood glucose of 45 mg/dL is severely low
(hypoglycemia). The initial treatment for a conscious patient
experiencing hypoglycemia is to administer a fast-acting
source of glucose, such as 15 grams of oral glucose (e.g.,
glucose tablets, fruit juice) to quickly raise the blood sugar
level.
5. What is the priority action for a patient experiencing
anaphylaxis?
o A) Administer an antihistamine
,o B) Give epinephrine IM
o C) Start IV fluids
o D) Apply oxygen
o Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for
anaphylaxis. It rapidly reverses the life-threatening symptoms
such as airway swelling, hypotension, and shock, primarily
through its vasoconstrictive and bronchodilatory effects.
6. Which of the following is a major class of biological
molecules, composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and
includes sugars and starches?
o A) Lipids
o B) Carbohydrates
o C) Proteins
o D) Nucleic Acids
o Rationale: Carbohydrates are one of the four major classes
of biological macromolecules. Their primary function is to
provide and store energy. They are composed of carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen and include simple sugars
(monosaccharides) and complex starches (polysaccharides).
7. Where in the plant cell does photosynthesis occur?
o A) Nucleus
o B) Chloroplast
o C) Mitochondria
o D) Ribosome
o Rationale: The chloroplast is the organelle specific to plant
cells and some algae where photosynthesis takes place. It
contains the pigment chlorophyll, which captures light
energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and
oxygen.
, 8. Which of the following refers to the movement of water
across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low
solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration?
o A) Active transport
o B) Diffusion
o C) Osmosis
o D) Phagocytosis
o Rationale: Osmosis is the passive movement of water across
a selectively permeable membrane. Water moves from a
region of lower solute concentration (higher water
concentration) to an area with higher solute concentration
(lower water concentration) until equilibrium is reached.
9. Which of the following biochemical reactions is NOT a major
process for generating ATP?
o A) Krebs cycle
o B) Glycolysis
o C) Transcription
o D) Electron transport chain
o Rationale: Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron
transport chain are the three main stages of cellular
respiration that produce ATP. Transcription is the process of
creating an mRNA copy from a DNA template and is part of
protein synthesis, not ATP production.
10.Which of the following is NOT part of the central dogma of
molecular biology?
o A) DNA replicates
o B) DNA is transcribed into RNA
o C) RNA is translated into protein
o D) The structure of DNA is a double helix
