HBS FINAL EXAM 2026-2027|| 265
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT
anterior - ANSWER-situated toward the front of the body
deep - ANSWER-away from the body surface; more internal
directional terms - ANSWER-terms used to explain where one body structure is in
relation to another
distal - ANSWER-situated away from the point of attachment or origin or a central
point; located away from the central part of the body
dorsal - ANSWER-being or located near, on, or toward the back or posterior part of
the human body
identity - ANSWER-distinguishing character or personality of an individual
inferior - ANSWER-Situated below and closer to the feet than another and especially
another similar part of an upright body especially of a human being
lateral - ANSWER-Of or relating to the side; especially of a body part
medial - ANSWER-Lying or extending in the middle; especially of a body part
posterior - ANSWER-Situated at or toward the hind part of the body
proximal - ANSWER-Situated next to or near the point of attachment or origin or a
central point
regional terms - ANSWER-Anatomical terms that refer to specific visible landmarks
on the surface of the body
superficial - ANSWER-Of, relating to, or located near the surface
superior - ANSWER-Situated toward the head and further away from the feet than
another and especially another similar part of an upright body especially of a human
being
system - ANSWER-A group of body organs or structures that together perform one
or more vital functions
ventral - ANSWER-Pertaining to the anterior or front side of the body; opposite of
dorsal
,adipose tissue - ANSWER-Connective tissue in which fat is stored and which has the
cells distended by droplets of fat
appendicular skeleton - ANSWER-Bones of the limbs and limb girdles that are
attached to the axial skeleton
axial skeleton - ANSWER-The skeleton of the trunk and head
connective tissue - ANSWER-Animal tissue that functions mainly to bind and support
other tissues, having a sparse population of cells scattered through an extracellular
matrix
epithelial tissue - ANSWER-Sheets of tightly packed cells that line organs and body
cavities
femur - ANSWER-The proximal bone of the hind or lower limb that is the longest and
largest bone in the human body, extends from the hip to the knee
forensic anthropology - ANSWER-The branch of physical anthropology in which
anthropological data, criteria, and techniques are used to determine the sex, age,
genetic population, or parentage of skeletal or biological materials in questions of
civil or criminal law
humerus - ANSWER-The longest bone of the upper arm or forelimb extending from
the shoulder to the elbow
pelvis - ANSWER-A basin-shaped structure in the skeleton of many vertebrates that
is formed by the pelvic girdle together with the sacrum and often various coccygeal
and caudal vertebrae and that in humans is composed of the two hip bones
bounding it on each side and in front while the sacrum and coccyx complete it behind
skull - ANSWER-The skeleton of the head forming a bony case that encloses and
protects the brain and chief sense organs and supports the jaws
tibia - ANSWER-The inner and usually larger of the two bones of the leg between the
knee and ankle that articulates above with the femur and below with the talus --
called also shinbone
tissue - ANSWER-An integrated group of cells with a common structure and function
agarose - ANSWER-A polysaccharide obtained from seaweed that is used as the
supporting medium in gel electrophoresis
biometrics - ANSWER-The measurement and analysis of unique physical or
behavioral characteristics (as fingerprint or voice patterns) especially as a means of
verifying personal identity.
DNA - ANSWER-A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of
replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.
, gel electrophoresis - ANSWER-The separation of nucleic acids or proteins, on the
basis of their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement
through an electrical field in a gel.
restriction enzyme - ANSWER-A degradative enzyme that recognizes specific
nucleotide sequences and cuts up DNA.
Restriction fragment length polymorphisms - ANSWER-Differences in DNA
sequence on homologous chromosomes that can result in different patterns of
restriction fragment lengths (DNA segments resulting from treatment with restriction
enzymes).
brian stem - ANSWER-The part of the brain composed of the midbrain, pons, and
medulla oblongata and connecting the spinal cord with the forebrain and cerebrum.
central nervous system - ANSWER-The part of the nervous system which in
vertebrates consists of the brain and spinal cord, to which sensory impulses are
transmitted and from which motor impulses pass out, and which supervises and
coordinates the activity of the entire nervous system.
cerebellum - ANSWER-A large dorsally projecting part of the brain concerned
especially with the coordination of muscles and the maintenance of bodily
equilibrium, situated between the brain stem and the back of the cerebrum and
formed in humans of two lateral lobes and a median lobe.
cerebrum - ANSWER-The dorsal portion, composed of right and left hemispheres, of
the vertebrate forebrain; the integrating center for memory, learning, emotions, and
other highly complex function of the central nervous system.
gyrus - ANSWER-A convoluted ridge between anatomical grooves.
limbic system - ANSWER-A group of subcortical structures (as the hypothalamus,
the hippocampus, and the amygdala) of the brain that are concerned especially with
emotion and motivation
lobe - ANSWER-A division of a body organ (as the brain, lungs, or liver) marked off
by a fissure on the surface.
peripheral nervous system - ANSWER-The part of the nervous system that is outside
the central nervous system and comprises the cranial nerves excepting the optic
nerve, the spinal nerves, and the autonomic nervous system.
phrenology - ANSWER-The study of the conformation of the skull based on the belief
that it is indicative of mental faculties and character.
sulcus - ANSWER-A shallow furrow on the surface of the brain separating adjacent
gyri.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT
anterior - ANSWER-situated toward the front of the body
deep - ANSWER-away from the body surface; more internal
directional terms - ANSWER-terms used to explain where one body structure is in
relation to another
distal - ANSWER-situated away from the point of attachment or origin or a central
point; located away from the central part of the body
dorsal - ANSWER-being or located near, on, or toward the back or posterior part of
the human body
identity - ANSWER-distinguishing character or personality of an individual
inferior - ANSWER-Situated below and closer to the feet than another and especially
another similar part of an upright body especially of a human being
lateral - ANSWER-Of or relating to the side; especially of a body part
medial - ANSWER-Lying or extending in the middle; especially of a body part
posterior - ANSWER-Situated at or toward the hind part of the body
proximal - ANSWER-Situated next to or near the point of attachment or origin or a
central point
regional terms - ANSWER-Anatomical terms that refer to specific visible landmarks
on the surface of the body
superficial - ANSWER-Of, relating to, or located near the surface
superior - ANSWER-Situated toward the head and further away from the feet than
another and especially another similar part of an upright body especially of a human
being
system - ANSWER-A group of body organs or structures that together perform one
or more vital functions
ventral - ANSWER-Pertaining to the anterior or front side of the body; opposite of
dorsal
,adipose tissue - ANSWER-Connective tissue in which fat is stored and which has the
cells distended by droplets of fat
appendicular skeleton - ANSWER-Bones of the limbs and limb girdles that are
attached to the axial skeleton
axial skeleton - ANSWER-The skeleton of the trunk and head
connective tissue - ANSWER-Animal tissue that functions mainly to bind and support
other tissues, having a sparse population of cells scattered through an extracellular
matrix
epithelial tissue - ANSWER-Sheets of tightly packed cells that line organs and body
cavities
femur - ANSWER-The proximal bone of the hind or lower limb that is the longest and
largest bone in the human body, extends from the hip to the knee
forensic anthropology - ANSWER-The branch of physical anthropology in which
anthropological data, criteria, and techniques are used to determine the sex, age,
genetic population, or parentage of skeletal or biological materials in questions of
civil or criminal law
humerus - ANSWER-The longest bone of the upper arm or forelimb extending from
the shoulder to the elbow
pelvis - ANSWER-A basin-shaped structure in the skeleton of many vertebrates that
is formed by the pelvic girdle together with the sacrum and often various coccygeal
and caudal vertebrae and that in humans is composed of the two hip bones
bounding it on each side and in front while the sacrum and coccyx complete it behind
skull - ANSWER-The skeleton of the head forming a bony case that encloses and
protects the brain and chief sense organs and supports the jaws
tibia - ANSWER-The inner and usually larger of the two bones of the leg between the
knee and ankle that articulates above with the femur and below with the talus --
called also shinbone
tissue - ANSWER-An integrated group of cells with a common structure and function
agarose - ANSWER-A polysaccharide obtained from seaweed that is used as the
supporting medium in gel electrophoresis
biometrics - ANSWER-The measurement and analysis of unique physical or
behavioral characteristics (as fingerprint or voice patterns) especially as a means of
verifying personal identity.
DNA - ANSWER-A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of
replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.
, gel electrophoresis - ANSWER-The separation of nucleic acids or proteins, on the
basis of their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement
through an electrical field in a gel.
restriction enzyme - ANSWER-A degradative enzyme that recognizes specific
nucleotide sequences and cuts up DNA.
Restriction fragment length polymorphisms - ANSWER-Differences in DNA
sequence on homologous chromosomes that can result in different patterns of
restriction fragment lengths (DNA segments resulting from treatment with restriction
enzymes).
brian stem - ANSWER-The part of the brain composed of the midbrain, pons, and
medulla oblongata and connecting the spinal cord with the forebrain and cerebrum.
central nervous system - ANSWER-The part of the nervous system which in
vertebrates consists of the brain and spinal cord, to which sensory impulses are
transmitted and from which motor impulses pass out, and which supervises and
coordinates the activity of the entire nervous system.
cerebellum - ANSWER-A large dorsally projecting part of the brain concerned
especially with the coordination of muscles and the maintenance of bodily
equilibrium, situated between the brain stem and the back of the cerebrum and
formed in humans of two lateral lobes and a median lobe.
cerebrum - ANSWER-The dorsal portion, composed of right and left hemispheres, of
the vertebrate forebrain; the integrating center for memory, learning, emotions, and
other highly complex function of the central nervous system.
gyrus - ANSWER-A convoluted ridge between anatomical grooves.
limbic system - ANSWER-A group of subcortical structures (as the hypothalamus,
the hippocampus, and the amygdala) of the brain that are concerned especially with
emotion and motivation
lobe - ANSWER-A division of a body organ (as the brain, lungs, or liver) marked off
by a fissure on the surface.
peripheral nervous system - ANSWER-The part of the nervous system that is outside
the central nervous system and comprises the cranial nerves excepting the optic
nerve, the spinal nerves, and the autonomic nervous system.
phrenology - ANSWER-The study of the conformation of the skull based on the belief
that it is indicative of mental faculties and character.
sulcus - ANSWER-A shallow furrow on the surface of the brain separating adjacent
gyri.
