2
Orthotics CPM Exam with verified detailed solutions || || || || || ||
Why do trimlines need to be symmetrical on the ankle of the AFO? - ✔✔to
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prevent torqueing the line of progression
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What is the primary purpose of corrective FOs? - ✔✔To correct to a neutral
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
alignment [not a STN alignment] || || || ||
What are the functions of a heel to toe rocker sole across all rockers of gait? -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔✔The bevel heel simulates PF at ankle at IC in first rocker; determines
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
midstance time in second rocker; sole replaces df at MTP joint at toe off or 3rd
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
rocker
What is the purpose of a bevel heel? - ✔✔Can act as a shock absorber; promotes
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the effect of PF or "simulates plantarflexion" by moving the GRF closer to the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
ankle at initial contact, reducing the plantarflexion moment or strain on the
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
dorsiflexors.
What is a toe spring? - ✔✔Forefoot Rocker sole modification placed proximal to
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
the metatarsals at 35-40 degrees to restore 3rd rocker
|| || || || || || || || ||
What is the SVA? How can it be adjusted? - ✔✔Shank to Vertical ankle used in
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the Elain Owen's method of tuning AFOFCs; adjusted using external or internal
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
wedging.
||
, 2
What are the criteria for excessive pronation? - ✔✔1. STJ pronation is more
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
than normal 4 to 6 degrees; 2. pronate at the wrong time; 3. pronation recurs
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
with ever step-- repetitive microtrauma; 4. location other than the STJ; 5.
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compensatory motion in other planes is seen || || || || || ||
What kind of shoe mods or FO mods are needed for excessive pronation? -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔✔Medial heel wedge; Thomas heel; Medial flare || || || || || ||
What is the location of a metatarsal pad? - ✔✔proximal to the met heads
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
What kind of motions raise the MLA? - ✔✔Calcaneal inversion, forefoot
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adduction, external rotation of tibia, DF of first ray, medial heel/forefoot wedges
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raise MLA bc er of tibia, supination
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When fitting LLOs, what are the 4 phases? - ✔✔1. Fitting orthosis to foot; 2. Fit
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
orthosis and foot to shoe; 3. Fit Ox, foot, and shoe to floor; 4. Adjust for gait
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
What is the meaning of closed chain pronation? - ✔✔knee flexion, calcaneal
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
eversion, navicular eversion, leg internal rotation, forefoot aBduction, talar
|| || || || || || || || ||
aDduction/pf/inversion, medial cuneiform inversion || || ||
What is the meaning of closed chain supination? - ✔✔knee extension, leg
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
external rotation, talar aBduction/df/eversion, calcaneal inversion, navicular
|| || || || || || ||
inversion, medial cuneiform eversion, forfoot aDduction
|| || || || ||
Orthotics CPM Exam with verified detailed solutions || || || || || ||
Why do trimlines need to be symmetrical on the ankle of the AFO? - ✔✔to
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
prevent torqueing the line of progression
|| || || || ||
What is the primary purpose of corrective FOs? - ✔✔To correct to a neutral
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
alignment [not a STN alignment] || || || ||
What are the functions of a heel to toe rocker sole across all rockers of gait? -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔✔The bevel heel simulates PF at ankle at IC in first rocker; determines
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
midstance time in second rocker; sole replaces df at MTP joint at toe off or 3rd
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
rocker
What is the purpose of a bevel heel? - ✔✔Can act as a shock absorber; promotes
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the effect of PF or "simulates plantarflexion" by moving the GRF closer to the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
ankle at initial contact, reducing the plantarflexion moment or strain on the
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
dorsiflexors.
What is a toe spring? - ✔✔Forefoot Rocker sole modification placed proximal to
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
the metatarsals at 35-40 degrees to restore 3rd rocker
|| || || || || || || || ||
What is the SVA? How can it be adjusted? - ✔✔Shank to Vertical ankle used in
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the Elain Owen's method of tuning AFOFCs; adjusted using external or internal
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
wedging.
||
, 2
What are the criteria for excessive pronation? - ✔✔1. STJ pronation is more
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
than normal 4 to 6 degrees; 2. pronate at the wrong time; 3. pronation recurs
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
with ever step-- repetitive microtrauma; 4. location other than the STJ; 5.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
compensatory motion in other planes is seen || || || || || ||
What kind of shoe mods or FO mods are needed for excessive pronation? -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔✔Medial heel wedge; Thomas heel; Medial flare || || || || || ||
What is the location of a metatarsal pad? - ✔✔proximal to the met heads
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
What kind of motions raise the MLA? - ✔✔Calcaneal inversion, forefoot
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
adduction, external rotation of tibia, DF of first ray, medial heel/forefoot wedges
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
raise MLA bc er of tibia, supination
|| || || || || || ||
When fitting LLOs, what are the 4 phases? - ✔✔1. Fitting orthosis to foot; 2. Fit
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
orthosis and foot to shoe; 3. Fit Ox, foot, and shoe to floor; 4. Adjust for gait
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
What is the meaning of closed chain pronation? - ✔✔knee flexion, calcaneal
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
eversion, navicular eversion, leg internal rotation, forefoot aBduction, talar
|| || || || || || || || ||
aDduction/pf/inversion, medial cuneiform inversion || || ||
What is the meaning of closed chain supination? - ✔✔knee extension, leg
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
external rotation, talar aBduction/df/eversion, calcaneal inversion, navicular
|| || || || || || ||
inversion, medial cuneiform eversion, forfoot aDduction
|| || || || ||
