1|Page
MDC 2 / NUR 2392: MULTIDIMENSIONAL CARE
II FINAL EXAM – 200 QUESTIONS WITH
RATIONALES | CARDIOVASCULAR,
RESPIRATORY, ENDOCRINE, NEURO, RENAL,
GI | A+ GUARANTEED
# Table of Contents
| Section | Topic Area | Question Numbers |
| 1 | Cardiovascular Disorders | 1–25 |
| 2 | Respiratory Disorders | 26–45 |
| 3 | Neurological Disorders | 46–65 |
| 4 | Endocrine Disorders | 66–80 |
| 5 | Gastrointestinal Disorders | 81–95 |
| 6 | Renal & Urinary Disorders | 96–110 |
| 7 | Musculoskeletal Disorders | 111–125 |
| 8 | Hematological & Immune Disorders | 126–140 |
| 9 | Infectious Diseases & Inflammation | 141–155 |
| 10 | Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid-Base Balance | 156–165 |
| 11 | Pain Management & Perioperative Care | 166–175 |
| 12 | Multidimensional Care & Patient Education | 176–185 |
| 13 | High-Yield Exam Review & NGN Cases | 186–200 |
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# Section 1: Cardiovascular Disorders (1–25)
**1.** A nurse is assessing a client with heart failure. Which finding is
the EARLIEST indicator of fluid volume overload?
A) Peripheral edema
B) Jugular venous distention (JVD)
C) Crackles in the lung bases
D) Daily weight gain of 1 kg (2.2 lbs)
**Answer:** D
**Rationale:** Daily weight gain is the earliest indicator of fluid
retention, as 1 liter of fluid weighs approximately 1 kg (2.2 lbs). Weight
gain occurs before other signs such as edema, JVD, or crackles.
**2.** A client with hypertension is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide.
Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor?
A) Serum sodium
B) Serum potassium
C) Serum calcium
D) Serum magnesium
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**Answer:** B
**Rationale:** Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that can cause
hypokalemia (low potassium) due to increased potassium excretion.
Monitor potassium levels and watch for signs of hypokalemia (muscle
weakness, dysrhythmias).
**3.** A nurse is caring for a client following an acute myocardial
infarction (MI). Which complication should the nurse prioritize
monitoring for in the first 24 hours?
A) Pericarditis
B) Ventricular dysrhythmias
C) Heart failure
D) Cardiogenic shock
**Answer:** B
**Rationale:** Ventricular dysrhythmias (e.g., ventricular tachycardia,
ventricular fibrillation) are the most common cause of death in the first
24 hours after an MI due to myocardial irritability. Continuous ECG
monitoring is essential.
**4.** A client with heart failure has a prescription for furosemide 40
mg IV push. Before administering, which laboratory value is most
important to review?
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A) Serum creatinine
B) Hemoglobin
C) Serum potassium
D) B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)
**Answer:** C
**Rationale:** Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium
wasting. Hypokalemia can lead to dysrhythmias, especially in clients
taking digoxin. Potassium level should be checked before
administration.
**5.** A nurse is assessing a client with peripheral arterial disease
(PAD). Which finding is expected?
A) Pallor of the affected extremity with elevation (elevation pallor)
B) Brownish discoloration around the ankles
C) Thickened, leathery skin
D) Dependent rubor (dusky redness when leg is dependent)
**Answer:** A (and D are both characteristic)
**Rationale:** In PAD, the affected extremity becomes pale when
elevated (elevation pallor) and dusky red when dependent (dependent
MDC 2 / NUR 2392: MULTIDIMENSIONAL CARE
II FINAL EXAM – 200 QUESTIONS WITH
RATIONALES | CARDIOVASCULAR,
RESPIRATORY, ENDOCRINE, NEURO, RENAL,
GI | A+ GUARANTEED
# Table of Contents
| Section | Topic Area | Question Numbers |
| 1 | Cardiovascular Disorders | 1–25 |
| 2 | Respiratory Disorders | 26–45 |
| 3 | Neurological Disorders | 46–65 |
| 4 | Endocrine Disorders | 66–80 |
| 5 | Gastrointestinal Disorders | 81–95 |
| 6 | Renal & Urinary Disorders | 96–110 |
| 7 | Musculoskeletal Disorders | 111–125 |
| 8 | Hematological & Immune Disorders | 126–140 |
| 9 | Infectious Diseases & Inflammation | 141–155 |
| 10 | Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid-Base Balance | 156–165 |
| 11 | Pain Management & Perioperative Care | 166–175 |
| 12 | Multidimensional Care & Patient Education | 176–185 |
| 13 | High-Yield Exam Review & NGN Cases | 186–200 |
,2|Page
# Section 1: Cardiovascular Disorders (1–25)
**1.** A nurse is assessing a client with heart failure. Which finding is
the EARLIEST indicator of fluid volume overload?
A) Peripheral edema
B) Jugular venous distention (JVD)
C) Crackles in the lung bases
D) Daily weight gain of 1 kg (2.2 lbs)
**Answer:** D
**Rationale:** Daily weight gain is the earliest indicator of fluid
retention, as 1 liter of fluid weighs approximately 1 kg (2.2 lbs). Weight
gain occurs before other signs such as edema, JVD, or crackles.
**2.** A client with hypertension is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide.
Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor?
A) Serum sodium
B) Serum potassium
C) Serum calcium
D) Serum magnesium
,3|Page
**Answer:** B
**Rationale:** Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that can cause
hypokalemia (low potassium) due to increased potassium excretion.
Monitor potassium levels and watch for signs of hypokalemia (muscle
weakness, dysrhythmias).
**3.** A nurse is caring for a client following an acute myocardial
infarction (MI). Which complication should the nurse prioritize
monitoring for in the first 24 hours?
A) Pericarditis
B) Ventricular dysrhythmias
C) Heart failure
D) Cardiogenic shock
**Answer:** B
**Rationale:** Ventricular dysrhythmias (e.g., ventricular tachycardia,
ventricular fibrillation) are the most common cause of death in the first
24 hours after an MI due to myocardial irritability. Continuous ECG
monitoring is essential.
**4.** A client with heart failure has a prescription for furosemide 40
mg IV push. Before administering, which laboratory value is most
important to review?
, 4|Page
A) Serum creatinine
B) Hemoglobin
C) Serum potassium
D) B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)
**Answer:** C
**Rationale:** Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium
wasting. Hypokalemia can lead to dysrhythmias, especially in clients
taking digoxin. Potassium level should be checked before
administration.
**5.** A nurse is assessing a client with peripheral arterial disease
(PAD). Which finding is expected?
A) Pallor of the affected extremity with elevation (elevation pallor)
B) Brownish discoloration around the ankles
C) Thickened, leathery skin
D) Dependent rubor (dusky redness when leg is dependent)
**Answer:** A (and D are both characteristic)
**Rationale:** In PAD, the affected extremity becomes pale when
elevated (elevation pallor) and dusky red when dependent (dependent
