NURS EXAM vc
Exam Solution vc
HESI PN Comprehensive Exam 1 Cartes 2026 A+ GRADE
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ASSURED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSW vc vc vc vc vc
ERS (306CD) vc
QUESTION 1 vc
What action should the PN implement to facilitate speech for a client who has a fenestrat
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ed tracheostomy tube?
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A. Show the client how to use a tracheostomy plug.
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B. Determine the client's ability to swallow.
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C. Remove the inner cannula.
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D. Give oxygen at 6 L/minute via tracheostomy collar.
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ANSWER
B. Determine the client's ability to swallow. A fenestrated tracheostomy has an opening or hole on the p
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osterior aspect of the outer cannula that allows airflow over the vocal cords and speech in a client who i
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s spontaneously breathing. It does not have a cuff, so the client's risk for aspiration should be determine
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d.
QUESTION 2 vc
A client is wearing a continuous 24-
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hour Holter monitor for elevation of heart rhythm disturbances. What info should the PN
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reinforce with this client?
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A. Remove the electrodes to shower or bathe
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B. Keep a diary of activities as long as the monitor is worn.
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C. Exercise as much as possible while the monitor is in place.
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D. Call the assigned number if an episode of irregular heartbeats occurs.
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ANSWER
B. Keep a diary of activities as long as the monitor is worn. Nursing care for a client with a Holter monit
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or includes preparation of the skin, placement of the electrodes and leads, and activities of daily living, s
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o the client should be informed of the importance of keeping an accurate record of activities and sympt
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oms
,QUESTION 3 vc
A client with advanced cirrhosis is prescribed lactulose (Cephulac) 30 ml QID. The client
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complains that the medicine is causing diarrhea. Which therapeutic response of the medi
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cation should the PN provide the client?
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A. Promotes fluid loss.
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B. Prevents constipation.
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C. Excretes ammonia to improve cerebral function.
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D. Reduces the risk for gastrointestinal bleeding.
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ANSWER
C. Excretes ammonia to improve cerebral function. To treat portal-
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systemic encephalopathy, lactulose causes the movement of serum ammonia, which accumulates due to
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hepatic dysfunction in cirrhosis, into the gut and results in diarrhea due to the osmotic movement of wa
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ter.
QUESTION 4 vc
The PN is caring for a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD). What info should the PN
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reinforce about medication management? vc vc vc
A. Oral iron supplements reverse chronic anemia in CKD.
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B. Calcium supplements are needed to maintain serum levels.
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C. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatories are safe to use for pain.
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D. Antihypertensive drugs should always be used as directed.
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ANSWER
D. Antihypertensive drugs should always be used as directed. Blood pressure control is essential for a cl
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ient with CKD because hypertension and cardiovascular disease occur with the progression of CKD.
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QUESTION 5 vc
Which information related to a client's history of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) sh
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ould the practical nurse (PN) report to the healthcare provider?
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A. Change in bowel movements.
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B. Persistent lower back pain.
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C. White penile discharge.
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D. Difficulty with urination.
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ANSWER
D. Difficulty with urination. The prostate gland lies below the bladder neck and surrounds the urethra. A
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n increase in the size of the prostate gland caused by BPH compresses the urethra, resulting in difficulty
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initiating the urinary stream.
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QUESTION 6 vc
, What action should the practical nurse (PN) implement first for a client with a head injur
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y and clear nasal drainage?
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A. Obtain a specimen of the fluid for culture and sensitivity.
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B. Check the nasal drainage with a glucose test strip.
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C. Assess the client's temperature every 2 to 4 hours.
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D. Inspect the nares bilaterally for signs of inflammation.
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ANSWER
B. Check the nasal drainage with a glucose test strip. If the client is exhibiting clear nasal drainage after
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a head injury, the first action is to determine if the fluid is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Glucose is present i
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n CSF.
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QUESTION 7 vc
The practical nurse (PN) is monitoring a client who is admitted in active labor. After revi
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ewing the nursing admission assessment, the PN determines the client's membranes hav
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e been ruptured for 36 hours. The PN should monitor the client for which risk factor?
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A. Excessive bleeding.
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B. Precipitous labor.
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C. Supine hypotension.
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D. Intrauterine infection.
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ANSWER
D. Intrauterine infection. When a client is in active labor with spontaneous rupture of membranes (SRO
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M) longer than 24 hours, microorganisms from the vagina can ascend into the amniotic sac and cause ch
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orioamnionitis and placentitis. vc vc
QUESTION 8 vc
Which finding in a newborn is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to report?
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A. Clinical jaundice evident on the forehead within 24 hours of birth.
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B. Icterus color of blanched skin on the thorax at day 3 after birth.
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C. Serum bilirubin concentrations less than 2 mg/dl in cord blood.
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D. Bilirubin level of 4 mg/dl using a transcutaneous bilirubinometry.
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ANSWER
A. Clinical jaundice evident on the forehead within 24 hours of birth. Jaundice is clinically visible when b
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ilirubin levels reach 5 to 7 mg/dl and appears in a cephalocaudal manner, first noticed in the head, and
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then progresses gradually to the thorax, abdomen, and extremities. Clinical jaundice that is evident with
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in 24 hours of birth warrants immediate attention and is pathological. Although additional assessments
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of physiological jaundice should be made, jaundice in the first 24 hours is life threatening and requires i
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mmediate intervention. vc
QUESTION 9 vc
Exam Solution vc
HESI PN Comprehensive Exam 1 Cartes 2026 A+ GRADE
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ASSURED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSW vc vc vc vc vc
ERS (306CD) vc
QUESTION 1 vc
What action should the PN implement to facilitate speech for a client who has a fenestrat
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ed tracheostomy tube?
vc vc
A. Show the client how to use a tracheostomy plug.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
B. Determine the client's ability to swallow.
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C. Remove the inner cannula.
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D. Give oxygen at 6 L/minute via tracheostomy collar.
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ANSWER
B. Determine the client's ability to swallow. A fenestrated tracheostomy has an opening or hole on the p
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
osterior aspect of the outer cannula that allows airflow over the vocal cords and speech in a client who i
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
s spontaneously breathing. It does not have a cuff, so the client's risk for aspiration should be determine
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
d.
QUESTION 2 vc
A client is wearing a continuous 24-
vc vc vc vc vc vc
hour Holter monitor for elevation of heart rhythm disturbances. What info should the PN
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
reinforce with this client?
vc vc vc vc
A. Remove the electrodes to shower or bathe
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B. Keep a diary of activities as long as the monitor is worn.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
C. Exercise as much as possible while the monitor is in place.
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D. Call the assigned number if an episode of irregular heartbeats occurs.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ANSWER
B. Keep a diary of activities as long as the monitor is worn. Nursing care for a client with a Holter monit
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
or includes preparation of the skin, placement of the electrodes and leads, and activities of daily living, s
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
o the client should be informed of the importance of keeping an accurate record of activities and sympt
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
oms
,QUESTION 3 vc
A client with advanced cirrhosis is prescribed lactulose (Cephulac) 30 ml QID. The client
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
complains that the medicine is causing diarrhea. Which therapeutic response of the medi
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
cation should the PN provide the client?
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A. Promotes fluid loss.
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B. Prevents constipation.
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C. Excretes ammonia to improve cerebral function.
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D. Reduces the risk for gastrointestinal bleeding.
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ANSWER
C. Excretes ammonia to improve cerebral function. To treat portal-
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
systemic encephalopathy, lactulose causes the movement of serum ammonia, which accumulates due to
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
hepatic dysfunction in cirrhosis, into the gut and results in diarrhea due to the osmotic movement of wa
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ter.
QUESTION 4 vc
The PN is caring for a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD). What info should the PN
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
reinforce about medication management? vc vc vc
A. Oral iron supplements reverse chronic anemia in CKD.
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B. Calcium supplements are needed to maintain serum levels.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
C. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatories are safe to use for pain.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
D. Antihypertensive drugs should always be used as directed.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ANSWER
D. Antihypertensive drugs should always be used as directed. Blood pressure control is essential for a cl
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ient with CKD because hypertension and cardiovascular disease occur with the progression of CKD.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 5 vc
Which information related to a client's history of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) sh
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ould the practical nurse (PN) report to the healthcare provider?
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A. Change in bowel movements.
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B. Persistent lower back pain.
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C. White penile discharge.
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D. Difficulty with urination.
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ANSWER
D. Difficulty with urination. The prostate gland lies below the bladder neck and surrounds the urethra. A
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n increase in the size of the prostate gland caused by BPH compresses the urethra, resulting in difficulty
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
initiating the urinary stream.
vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 6 vc
, What action should the practical nurse (PN) implement first for a client with a head injur
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
y and clear nasal drainage?
vc vc vc vc
A. Obtain a specimen of the fluid for culture and sensitivity.
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B. Check the nasal drainage with a glucose test strip.
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C. Assess the client's temperature every 2 to 4 hours.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
D. Inspect the nares bilaterally for signs of inflammation.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ANSWER
B. Check the nasal drainage with a glucose test strip. If the client is exhibiting clear nasal drainage after
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
a head injury, the first action is to determine if the fluid is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Glucose is present i
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n CSF.
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QUESTION 7 vc
The practical nurse (PN) is monitoring a client who is admitted in active labor. After revi
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ewing the nursing admission assessment, the PN determines the client's membranes hav
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
e been ruptured for 36 hours. The PN should monitor the client for which risk factor?
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A. Excessive bleeding.
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B. Precipitous labor.
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C. Supine hypotension.
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D. Intrauterine infection.
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ANSWER
D. Intrauterine infection. When a client is in active labor with spontaneous rupture of membranes (SRO
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
M) longer than 24 hours, microorganisms from the vagina can ascend into the amniotic sac and cause ch
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
orioamnionitis and placentitis. vc vc
QUESTION 8 vc
Which finding in a newborn is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to report?
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A. Clinical jaundice evident on the forehead within 24 hours of birth.
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B. Icterus color of blanched skin on the thorax at day 3 after birth.
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C. Serum bilirubin concentrations less than 2 mg/dl in cord blood.
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D. Bilirubin level of 4 mg/dl using a transcutaneous bilirubinometry.
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ANSWER
A. Clinical jaundice evident on the forehead within 24 hours of birth. Jaundice is clinically visible when b
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ilirubin levels reach 5 to 7 mg/dl and appears in a cephalocaudal manner, first noticed in the head, and
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then progresses gradually to the thorax, abdomen, and extremities. Clinical jaundice that is evident with
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in 24 hours of birth warrants immediate attention and is pathological. Although additional assessments
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
of physiological jaundice should be made, jaundice in the first 24 hours is life threatening and requires i
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mmediate intervention. vc
QUESTION 9 vc
