MED SURG II: FINAL EXAM ACTUAL 2026
(SPRING FINAL EXAM) QUESTIONS AND 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS
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Terms in this set (110)
anemia signs and symptoms fatigue, pallor, thirst, cold extremities, longer
capillary refill, brittle hair, tachycardia
anemia lab values iron deficiency: low MCV, reticulocytes; low iron,
high TIBC
vit B12 deficiency: high MCV, low B12
folate deficiency: high MCV, low folate
chronic disease causing anemia: norm MCV, low
erythropoietin
sickle cell disease management hydroxyurea
folic acid supplements
RBC transfusion
sickle cell crisis management pain management with narcotics, oxygen
supplementation, IV fluids
abnormal red blood cell shapes sickle cell, megaloblastic anemias (vit B12 or
conditions folate deficiency), thalassemia
,RBC characteristics microcytic: smaller RBC
macrocytic: larger RBC
hypochromic: pale RBC
normochromic: normal red RBC
iron deficiency anemia dietary iron is insufficient for hemoglobin
synthesis
hemolytic anemia reduction in RBC due to short lifespan =
decreased oxygen in circulation
folate deficiency anemia lack of folate associated with decreased DNA
synthesis
chronic disease anemia anemia associated with chronic inflammatory
conditions.
chronic disease processes leading chronic kidney disease
to anemia inflammatory diseases
infectious diseases
blood transfusion protocol baseline vitals
respiratory system assessment
skin assessment
febrile nonhemolytic reaction reaction to donor leukocytes in blood
signs: chills, fever 2 hours into infusion
use leukocyte reduction filter
, acute hemolytic reaction donor's blood is incompatible with reciepient's
blood
signs: fever, chills, low back pain, nausea, chest
tightness, dyspnea, anxiety
ensure right blood is given to patient; obtain
blood specimens + collect urine sample
allergic reaction hives, itching, flushing
give antihistamines
trasnfusion associated circulatory too much blood entered into body
overload signs: dyspnea, orthopnea, tachycardia, blood
pressure increase, sudden anxiety, JVD
slow infusion, or give oxygen or morphine for
dyspnea
transfusion-related acute lung injury signs: acute SOB, hypoxia, hypotension, fever,
pulmonary edema (eventual)
aggressive supportive therapy prevents death
(oxygen, intubation, fluid support)
hemophilia genetic disorder; defect in factor VIII
managed with factor VIII concentrates
teaching: medications to avoid, administration of
concentrates at home, avoid invasive procedures
labs: factor VIII deficiency, plasma factor activity
levels
Von Willebrand Disease inherited bleeding disorder affecting platelet
function
risks: open wounds, surgery
heparin labs aPTT and platelets
warfarin therapy monitor INR values (2.5-3.5)
monitor PT
(SPRING FINAL EXAM) QUESTIONS AND 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS
Save
Terms in this set (110)
anemia signs and symptoms fatigue, pallor, thirst, cold extremities, longer
capillary refill, brittle hair, tachycardia
anemia lab values iron deficiency: low MCV, reticulocytes; low iron,
high TIBC
vit B12 deficiency: high MCV, low B12
folate deficiency: high MCV, low folate
chronic disease causing anemia: norm MCV, low
erythropoietin
sickle cell disease management hydroxyurea
folic acid supplements
RBC transfusion
sickle cell crisis management pain management with narcotics, oxygen
supplementation, IV fluids
abnormal red blood cell shapes sickle cell, megaloblastic anemias (vit B12 or
conditions folate deficiency), thalassemia
,RBC characteristics microcytic: smaller RBC
macrocytic: larger RBC
hypochromic: pale RBC
normochromic: normal red RBC
iron deficiency anemia dietary iron is insufficient for hemoglobin
synthesis
hemolytic anemia reduction in RBC due to short lifespan =
decreased oxygen in circulation
folate deficiency anemia lack of folate associated with decreased DNA
synthesis
chronic disease anemia anemia associated with chronic inflammatory
conditions.
chronic disease processes leading chronic kidney disease
to anemia inflammatory diseases
infectious diseases
blood transfusion protocol baseline vitals
respiratory system assessment
skin assessment
febrile nonhemolytic reaction reaction to donor leukocytes in blood
signs: chills, fever 2 hours into infusion
use leukocyte reduction filter
, acute hemolytic reaction donor's blood is incompatible with reciepient's
blood
signs: fever, chills, low back pain, nausea, chest
tightness, dyspnea, anxiety
ensure right blood is given to patient; obtain
blood specimens + collect urine sample
allergic reaction hives, itching, flushing
give antihistamines
trasnfusion associated circulatory too much blood entered into body
overload signs: dyspnea, orthopnea, tachycardia, blood
pressure increase, sudden anxiety, JVD
slow infusion, or give oxygen or morphine for
dyspnea
transfusion-related acute lung injury signs: acute SOB, hypoxia, hypotension, fever,
pulmonary edema (eventual)
aggressive supportive therapy prevents death
(oxygen, intubation, fluid support)
hemophilia genetic disorder; defect in factor VIII
managed with factor VIII concentrates
teaching: medications to avoid, administration of
concentrates at home, avoid invasive procedures
labs: factor VIII deficiency, plasma factor activity
levels
Von Willebrand Disease inherited bleeding disorder affecting platelet
function
risks: open wounds, surgery
heparin labs aPTT and platelets
warfarin therapy monitor INR values (2.5-3.5)
monitor PT
