Neurobiology with correct answers 100% 2026

Neurobiology with correct answers 100% 2026 Neurons - Correct Answer are nerve cells and the basic building blocks of our entire nervous systems. The neurons act as sensors for all types of stimuli and communicate the stimuli throughout the body. They are composed of three main components: the axon (the tail), the soma (the body), and the dendrites (the branch-like arms that stem from the soma) Dendrite - Correct Answer the branch-like structures of neurons that extend from the cell body (soma). they receive neural impulses (electrical and chemical signals) from the axons of other neurons. The signal always travels in the same direction- the signal comes in this way and in this way, information travels all around your body by going from neuron to neuron Axon - Correct Answer long, spider-thin, tail-like structures found on neurons (nerve cells). Carries messages between the dendrites and the terminal buttons (the neuron's terminal output sites that are at the very end) myelin sheath - Correct Answer a fatty substance that covers neurons. Helps increase speed at which information can travel on the neurons. Synapse - Correct Answer the entire junction between neurons including the pre-synaptic neuron's axon terminal, the synaptic cleft, and the dendrite of the post-synaptic neuron, across which communications flow, usually in the form of neurotransmitter molecules secreted by the pre-synaptic neuron (on its axon terminal) that travel a short distance across the synaptic cleft (this is the actual space between the neurons - the space between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrite of the other) to the post-synaptic neuron. Once at the post-synaptic neuron, some of the neurotransmitters will attach themselves (bind) to some receptors. It is important to know that the neurotransmitters and receptors work like a lock and key; that is, they both have certain shapes and only specific neurotransmitters can fit into certain receptors. end bulb - Correct Answer or terminal bulbs, look like tiny bubbles that are located at the extreme ends of the axon's branches. Each end bulb is like a miniature container that stores chemicals called neurotransmitters which are used to communicate with neighboring cells. neurotransmitter - Correct Answer Neural transmission (information being sent from neuron to neuron) works at both the electrical and chemical levels. When the space between two neurons is small enough the electrical signal can simply jump the gap and continue on its way. However, when the gap is too large, the signal must be converted from electricity to chemicals. These chemicals are neurotransmitters, which can be defined as chemicals released by neurons which carry information from one neuron to another. These chemicals are then read or received by a neuron's synapses. dopamine - Correct Answer both a neurotransmitter and a neurohormone produced in multiple areas of the brain. As a hormone it is often associated with pleasant experiences. Receiving an unexpected reward may cause your heart to speed up and increase your alertness due to the sudden release of dopamine. As a neurotransmitter it transmits signals associated with concentration and motor skills. Conditions such Parkinson's Disease and schizophrenia are associated with an interruption in the brain's production of this serotonin - Correct Answer a neurotransmitter with functions in various systems of the body. In the central nervous system serotonin works to regulate mood, appetite, sleep, memory and learning. When present, the neurotransmitter acts as something of a connector between cells, and is associated with a feeling of happiness or decreased anxiety. Acetylcholine - Correct Answer the most common type of neurotransmitter, and the most well understood. It's found in parts of the peripheral nervous system, spinal cord, and areas of the brain. In the peripheral nervous system, ACh activates muscles that help the body move. When Ach is released to the muscle cells, the muscle contracts. In the brain, ACh is involved in breathing, attention, arousal, motivation, etc norepinephrine - Correct Answer belongs to a family of biological compounds called catecholamines. These compounds are synthesized in sympathetic neurons and in the adrenal glands. all or none principle - Correct Answer a principle that states that the strength of a response of a nerve cell or muscle fiber is not dependent upon the strength of the stimulus. If a stimulus is above a certain threshold, a nerve or muscle fiber will fire. Essentially, there will either be a full response or there will be no response at all. Plasticity - Correct Answer the ability for nerve cells to change through new experiences. The process of changing nerve cells is learning, and it was once believed that the only kind of change that could take place after childhood was related to strength in nerve cell connection, not the ability for the cells to actually change. Most psychologists now believe that nerve cells actually can continue to change and function well into adulthood. occipital lobe - Correct Answer the area of the brain located at the rear of the head;responsible for sight. frontal lobe - Correct Answer A region of the cerebral cortex at the front of the brain (lying just behind the forehead) that is necessary for motor control and more complex, high-end functioning like speech, decision making, and judgments. parietal lobe - Correct Answer The area in the brain which plays a major part in touch, pressure and temperature. The parietal lobe would inform you the temperature of a hard boiled egg and would allow you to pick up that egg with just enough pressure to hold it and not crush it. temporal lobe - Correct Answer The area in the brain involved with hearing. part of the cerebral cortex and are located above the ears. Interestingly, each lobe is responsible for hearing in the opposite ear -- so the lobe on the left side of your brain is responsible for hearing from the right ear. corpus callosum - Correct Answer This area contains the largest bundle of nerve fibers in the brain and connects the two sides (hemispheres) of the brain. it is responsible for allowing the two hemispheres to communicate with each other and share information. Thus, it