NR 546 psychopharmacology midterm EXAM A+ GRADE ASSURED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS

EXAM

Exam Solutionga




NR546 psychopharmacology Final exam 2026 A+ GRAD ga ga ga ga ga ga




E ASSURED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANS
ga ga ga ga ga ga




WERS (B9419) ga




QUESTION 1 ga




monoamine hypothesis of depression ga ga ga




ANSWER

depression occurs as a result of deficiency of 1 or all 3 monoamine NT -
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



occurs due to too little positive affect or too much negative affect (mania will occur from excess of all 3
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



)



QUESTION 2 ga




what are the three monoamine NT
ga ga ga ga ga




ANSWER

NE, DA, 5HT
ga ga




QUESTION 3 ga




too little positive affect
ga ga ga




ANSWER

-DA/NE dysfunction -DA levels low = loss of pleasure, interest, alertness, self-confidence -
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



DA levels high = hallucinations seen in schizo -
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



NE (fight or flight) high = antsy, nervous, affects focus ability -
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



depressed mood, loss of joy, lack of interest, loss of energy, decreased alertness, decreased self-
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



confidence, appetite changes ga ga




QUESTION 4 ga




too much negative affect
ga ga ga

,ANSWER

-
5HT = relaxation, comfort, decreases stress, regulates libido, arousal, sleep, aggression, pain perception
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



-5HT/NE dysfunction - ga ga



depressed mood, guilt, fear/anxiety, hostility, irritability, loneliness, appetite changes
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga




QUESTION 5 ga




prescribing considerations ga




ANSWER

-client preference -prior treatment response -anticipated adverse effects -comorbidities -half-
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



life interactions -cost
ga ga




QUESTION 6 ga




client preferencega




ANSWER

if no contraindication, then prescribe that med to improve adherence
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga




QUESTION 7 ga




prior treatment response
ga ga




ANSWER

if patient had success with a previous med, prescribe that one first
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga




QUESTION 8 ga




anticipated adverse events ga ga




ANSWER

-consider age, family planning, and anticipated adverse effects. -
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



use adverse effects to pt's advantage (choose a known activating medication for a pt with atypical depr
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



ession or choose a sedating medication for a patient with sleep disturbances)
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga




QUESTION 9 ga




Comorbidities
ANSWER

,clients with comorbid anxiety may experience worsening symptoms when taking medications that targe
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



t NE (SNRIs) -
ga ga ga



fluoxetine is known to activate clients and cause panic attacks in clients with comorbid anxiety
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga




QUESTION 10 ga




half-life interactions ga




ANSWER

-
choose a medication with a longer half life to avoid discontinuation syndrome if your client forgets to t
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



ake it - ga ga



many antidepressants have significant interactions with other meds due to CYP450 enzyme involvemen
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



t



QUESTION 11 ga




cost
ANSWER

if client cant afford medication, they will not benefit. keep cost, insurance benefits, and pharmaceutical
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



assistance programs in mind ga ga ga




QUESTION 12 ga




goal of antidepressant medications
ga ga ga




ANSWER

complete remission of symptoms ga ga ga




QUESTION 13 ga




antidepressant prescribing schedule ga ga




ANSWER

-start on a single drug for 4-8 weeks -
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



if not working: 1. increase dose gradually until efficacy occurs 2. switch to different drug within same d
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



rug class after adequate trial which included higher dosing and a minimum of 8 weeks 3. switch to a dr
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



ug in a different class after adequate trial and higher dosing 4. add a second med as adjunct
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga




QUESTION 14 ga




SSRI MOA ga

, ANSWER

inhibit 5HT reuptake first line of treatment for depression
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga




QUESTION 15 ga




SSRI s/e ga




ANSWER

7 S's of SSRIs 1. Stomach 2. sexual dysfunction 3. serotonin syndrome 4. sleep difficulties 5. suicidal tho
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



ughts 6. stress 7. size (weight)
ga ga ga ga ga




QUESTION 16 ga




serotonin s/e ga




ANSWER

head, red, fed head = decreased anxiety, impulsivity, sex drive red = platelets and bleeding fed = gi moti
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



lity and nausea
ga ga




QUESTION 17 ga




SSRI pt education ga ga




ANSWER

most adverse affects will subside after 4-5 days once body adjusts to increased serotonin levels
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga




QUESTION 18 ga




SSRI drugs ga




ANSWER

citalopram fluoxetine paroxetine sertraline fluvoxamine bupropion
ga ga ga ga ga




QUESTION 19 ga




citalopram
ANSWER

*has a mild antihistamine effect *causes QT prolongation citalopram = celexa, think of cel LEXUS (car) =
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga



car - get an electrocardiogram if on this drug
ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga ga




QUESTION 20 ga