Question 16.5
Liberty University
A research team conducted a study of soft drink preferences among residents in a
test market prior to an advertising campaign for a new cola product. Of the participants,
130 are teenagers and 130 are adults. The researchers secured the following results:
Cola Non-Cola
Teenagers 50 80
Adults 90 40
With the given information we are to calculate an appropriate measure of association and
decide how to present the results. We must also relay how might this information affect the
advertising strategy.
To even consider the appropriate measure of association we must know the type of
measurements that can be used and that are available for this kind of concept. Nonparametric
measures of association obtain the measures for Nominal Data, Chi-square based measures,
Proportional Reduction in Error and Measure for Ordinal Data. This type of measurements
allows for appropriate measurement when needed.
For deeper understanding on how these works we must know that “Nominal measures are
used to assess the strength of relationships in cross-classification tables. They can be used with
chi-square or may be used separately. According to the text there is no fully satisfactory all-
purpose measure for categorical data.” (Schindler, 2019) The adversity can be affected by table
shape and number of cells; others are sensitive to sample size or marginals. In other words, there
is an abundance of factors that make the information what it should be, and these techniques
allows them to be identifiable in the correct manner for the intended purpose.