Biology 121 Exam 1 Questions With Detailed Correct Answers

bio-eco-com-pop-organism-organ syst-organ-tissue-cell-organelle-molecule-atom /each step causes new properties to emerge as result of interaction among lower level components - correct answers Hiearchy of life order model dynamic behavior of a whole biological systems based on a study of interactions among systems parts - correct answers systems biology complex systems broken down to simpler components that are more manageable to study - correct answers reductionism energy from sunlight-converted to chemical energy by producers-passed to consumers - correct answers Energy organisms basic unit of structure and function - correct answers cell contain membrane-enclosed organelles including dna-containing nucleus - correct answers eukaryotic cells lack dna containing nucleus or membrane - correct answers prokaryotic cells long linear polymer in the nucleus of cell formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix transfers heritable info from parents to offspring - correct answers DNA conversion of the information encoded in a gene first into messenger RNA and then to a protein - correct answers gene expression study and comparison of genomes within a single species or among different species - correct answers genomics Feedback that tends to magnify a process or increase its output. regulation common to life at all levels which regulate biological systems - correct answers positive feedback the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those that lead to increased reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations - correct answers natural selection scientists make observations by collecting data - correct answers inquiry drawing a general conclusion - correct answers inductive reasoning a proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations - correct answers hypothesis predictions that can be used to test hypotheses made from inductive reasoning - correct answers deductive reasoning designed to demonstrate effect of 1 variable by testing control groups and experimental groups that differ in only that one variable - correct answers controlled experiments generated new hypotheses that is supported by large body of evidence - correct answers scientific theory method or device that applies scientific knowledge for some specific purpose that affects society - correct answers technology consists of atoms - correct answers molecule orderely arrangement of molecules - correct answers organelle has contain organelles called chloroplasts - correct answers photosynthetic plant cells consists of a group of similar cells - correct answers tissue set of organisms of the same spieces - correct answers population consists of populations of various species inhabiting a specific area - correct answers community consists of a biological community along with the nonliving factors important to life - correct answers ecosystem made up of all earth's ecosystems - correct answers biosphere ability of human heart to pump blood requires an intact heart it cant work alone - correct answers emergent properties example mouse becomes food for another animal - correct answers environmental interactions example a plant absorbs sunlight and transforms it into molecules that act as stored fuel, animals eat plants and use food for energy - correct answers energy transfer example living things are made of cells - correct answers cellular basis of life DNA, RNA, Nucleic Acids, Genes, Proteins, Enzymes - correct answers genetic basis of life eat, stomach signals brain to decrease appetite - correct answers feedback regulation example change in a kind of organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms - all plants have chloroplasts indicating their descent from a common ancestor - correct answers evolution ... - correct answers CHAPTER 2 NOW a molecule composed of one kind of atom; cannot be broken into simpler units by chemical reactions. - correct answers elements substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions - correct answers compound the smallest unit of an element has nucleus,protons,neutrons,atom,electrons. - correct answers atom the number of protons in an atom - correct answers atomic number equal to sum of protons+neutrons measured in daltons - correct answers atomic mass atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons they contain - correct answers isotopes an energy level representing the distance of an electron from the nucleus of an atom. - correct answers electron shells the outermost energy shell of an atom, containing the valence electrons involved in the chemical reactions of that atom - correct answers valence shell regions around the nucleus in which given electron or electron pair is likely to be found - correct answers orbitals the attractive forces that hold atoms together - correct answers chemical bonds a type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one pair of valence electrons - correct answers covalent bonds Chemicals that result from atoms linking together - correct answers molecules The ability of an atom to attract electrons when the atom is in a compound - correct answers electronegativity covalent bond where electrons are shared equally - correct answers nonpolar covalent bond a covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally - correct answers polar covalent bond atom that has a positive or negative charge - correct answers ion bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another - correct answers ionic bond