ADVANCED MED SURG PRINCIPLES
EXAMINATION SET 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Ch 15: What can some chemotherapy agents induce?
Answer: hemorrhagic cystitis (bleeding from the bladder mucosa)
which could lead to a lifetreatening hemorrhage so proect the
bladder with IV hydration and diuresis
◉ Ch 15: Why would you suspect an increased risk for extravasation
in a cancer pt?
Answer: if resistance is met while flushing IV, blood return is absent,
or there is burning pain/swelling to the site
◉ Ch 15: What should an RN do following an extravasation?
Answer: a neurovascular assessment of the affected extremity
should be performed
◉ Ch 15: How does graft versus host disease present in a cancer pt?
Answer: - blistering skin rash
- diffuse inflammation to the GI tract with massive diarrhea
- hepatomegaly
,◉ Ch 15: What are major complications following a bone marrow
transplant until new marrow engraftment occurs?
Answer: - sepsis
- bleeding
◉ Ch 15: Being immunocompromised reduces the clinical
manifestations of infections so what is significant and should be
reported?
Answer: temp >100.4 for an hr
◉ Ch 15: How do you reduce the risk for infections in a cancer pt?
Answer: - implementing neutropenic precautions (WBC
<1000/mm3)
- avoid rectal or vaginal procedures
- use electric razors
- avoid using stagnant water
- reduce exposure to sources of infection
◉ Ch 15: Why would you advise a pt with stomatitis to avoid/do?
Answer: - avoid using mouthwashes that contain alcohol or tobacco
as they dry the mucosa
- use a soft toothbrush
, - avoid rough, spicy, or hot foods
- remove dentures unless eating
◉ Ch 15: How do you improve oral intake in the setting of nausea in
a cancer pt?
Answer: - serve cold food because they are less odorous
- encourage oral hygiene
- provide small frequent meals
- make sure pain is managed
◉ Ch 15: What are common signs of thrombocytopenia?
Answer: - petechiae
- ecchymosis
◉ Ch 15: With pts who are thrombocytopenic you should avoid?
Answer: the rectal route for med administration
◉ Ch 15: S/S of superior vena cava syndrome are?
Answer: - increase dyspnea
- facial and neck edema
- jugular vein distention
- visual disturbances
EXAMINATION SET 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Ch 15: What can some chemotherapy agents induce?
Answer: hemorrhagic cystitis (bleeding from the bladder mucosa)
which could lead to a lifetreatening hemorrhage so proect the
bladder with IV hydration and diuresis
◉ Ch 15: Why would you suspect an increased risk for extravasation
in a cancer pt?
Answer: if resistance is met while flushing IV, blood return is absent,
or there is burning pain/swelling to the site
◉ Ch 15: What should an RN do following an extravasation?
Answer: a neurovascular assessment of the affected extremity
should be performed
◉ Ch 15: How does graft versus host disease present in a cancer pt?
Answer: - blistering skin rash
- diffuse inflammation to the GI tract with massive diarrhea
- hepatomegaly
,◉ Ch 15: What are major complications following a bone marrow
transplant until new marrow engraftment occurs?
Answer: - sepsis
- bleeding
◉ Ch 15: Being immunocompromised reduces the clinical
manifestations of infections so what is significant and should be
reported?
Answer: temp >100.4 for an hr
◉ Ch 15: How do you reduce the risk for infections in a cancer pt?
Answer: - implementing neutropenic precautions (WBC
<1000/mm3)
- avoid rectal or vaginal procedures
- use electric razors
- avoid using stagnant water
- reduce exposure to sources of infection
◉ Ch 15: Why would you advise a pt with stomatitis to avoid/do?
Answer: - avoid using mouthwashes that contain alcohol or tobacco
as they dry the mucosa
- use a soft toothbrush
, - avoid rough, spicy, or hot foods
- remove dentures unless eating
◉ Ch 15: How do you improve oral intake in the setting of nausea in
a cancer pt?
Answer: - serve cold food because they are less odorous
- encourage oral hygiene
- provide small frequent meals
- make sure pain is managed
◉ Ch 15: What are common signs of thrombocytopenia?
Answer: - petechiae
- ecchymosis
◉ Ch 15: With pts who are thrombocytopenic you should avoid?
Answer: the rectal route for med administration
◉ Ch 15: S/S of superior vena cava syndrome are?
Answer: - increase dyspnea
- facial and neck edema
- jugular vein distention
- visual disturbances
