HESI RN Case Studies Med Surg Practice Exam
Questions With Correct Answers Plus (Rationales)
An adult client who is hospitalized after surgery reports sudden onset of chest
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
pain and dyspnea. The client appears anxious, restless, and mildly cyanotic. The
| | | | | | | | | | | |
nurse should further assess the client for which condition?
| | | | | | | |
A. Pulmonary embolism.
| | |
B. Heart failure.
| |
C. Tuberculosis.
|
D. Bronchitis. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A. Pulmonary embolism.
| | | | | |
Post-surgical clients are at an increased risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT),
| | | | | | | | | | | |
which may result in pulmonary embolism if the clot breaks off and travels to the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
lungs. Signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolism include chest pain, dyspnea,
| | | | | | | | | | |
anxiety, restlessness, and - in severe cases - cyanosis.
| | | | | | | |
Which information should the nurse obtain when performing an initial
| | | | | | | | | |
assessment of a client who presents to the emergency department with a painful
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
ankle injury? (Select all that apply.)
| | | | |
A. Quality of the pain.
| | | | |
B. Signs of inflammation.
| | | |
C. Ankle range of motion.
| | | | |
D. Muscle strength testing.
| | |
E. Visible deformities of the joint. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A,B,C,E
| | | | | | | |
,A. Quality of the pain.
| | | | |
B. Signs of inflammation.
| | |
C. Ankle range of motion.
| | | | |
E. Visible deformities of the joint.
| | | | | |
Initial assessment of a joint injury is performed to determine the extent of the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
damage. The nurse's initial assessment of a painful ankle injury should include
| | | | | | | | | | | |
pain quality, the presence of deformities, evidence of inflammation, and range of
| | | | | | | | | | | |
motion.
Which description of pain is consistent with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis?
| | | | | | | | | | |
A. Joint pain is worse in the morning and involves symmetric joints.
| | | | | | | | | | |
B. Joint pain is better in the morning and worsens throughout the day.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
C. Joint pain is consistent throughout the day and is relieved by pain medication.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
D. Joint pain is worse during the day and involves unilateral joints. - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-A. Joint pain is worse in the morning and involves symmetric joints.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes joint pain and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
swelling. RA is characterized by pain that is worse when arising and involves
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
symmetric joints. |
Which physical assessment finding should the nurse anticipate in a client with
| | | | | | | | | | | |
long-term gastroesophagealreflux disease (GERD)?
| | |
A. Hoarseness.
|
B. Dry mouth.
| |
, C. Mouth ulcers.
| |
D. Weight loss. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A. Hoarseness.
| | | | | | |
Dyspepsia and regurgitation are the main symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux
| | | | | | | | | |
disease (GERD); however, hoarseness is one of the most common long-term
| | | | | | | | | | |
symptoms of GERD due to the irritation of the reflux of gastric secretions.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
A client presents with chronic venous insufficiency. Which assessment finding
| | | | | | | | | |
should the nurse anticipate?
| | |
A. Bilateral lower leg stasis dermatitis.
| | | | |
B. Clubbing of fingers and toes.
| | | | |
C. Intermittent claudication.
| | |
D. Peripheral cyanosis. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A. Bilateral lower leg stasis
| | | | | | | | | |
dermatitis.
Clients who suffer from chroninc venous insufficiency often develop statsis
| | | | | | | | | |
dermatitis in the lower extremities. Statis dermatitis appear as brownish-red
| | | | | | | | | |
discoloration on the lower extremities at the ankles which can develop into stasis
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
ulcers due to the pooling of the venous blood flow back to the heart.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
A client has been hospitalized with a femur fracture and is being treated with
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
traction. Which action by the nurse is the priority when caring for this client?
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
A. Assess neurovascular status.
| | | |
B. Change the client's position.
| | | |
C. Inspect the traction equipment.
| | | |
Questions With Correct Answers Plus (Rationales)
An adult client who is hospitalized after surgery reports sudden onset of chest
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
pain and dyspnea. The client appears anxious, restless, and mildly cyanotic. The
| | | | | | | | | | | |
nurse should further assess the client for which condition?
| | | | | | | |
A. Pulmonary embolism.
| | |
B. Heart failure.
| |
C. Tuberculosis.
|
D. Bronchitis. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A. Pulmonary embolism.
| | | | | |
Post-surgical clients are at an increased risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT),
| | | | | | | | | | | |
which may result in pulmonary embolism if the clot breaks off and travels to the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
lungs. Signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolism include chest pain, dyspnea,
| | | | | | | | | | |
anxiety, restlessness, and - in severe cases - cyanosis.
| | | | | | | |
Which information should the nurse obtain when performing an initial
| | | | | | | | | |
assessment of a client who presents to the emergency department with a painful
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
ankle injury? (Select all that apply.)
| | | | |
A. Quality of the pain.
| | | | |
B. Signs of inflammation.
| | | |
C. Ankle range of motion.
| | | | |
D. Muscle strength testing.
| | |
E. Visible deformities of the joint. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A,B,C,E
| | | | | | | |
,A. Quality of the pain.
| | | | |
B. Signs of inflammation.
| | |
C. Ankle range of motion.
| | | | |
E. Visible deformities of the joint.
| | | | | |
Initial assessment of a joint injury is performed to determine the extent of the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
damage. The nurse's initial assessment of a painful ankle injury should include
| | | | | | | | | | | |
pain quality, the presence of deformities, evidence of inflammation, and range of
| | | | | | | | | | | |
motion.
Which description of pain is consistent with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis?
| | | | | | | | | | |
A. Joint pain is worse in the morning and involves symmetric joints.
| | | | | | | | | | |
B. Joint pain is better in the morning and worsens throughout the day.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
C. Joint pain is consistent throughout the day and is relieved by pain medication.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
D. Joint pain is worse during the day and involves unilateral joints. - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-A. Joint pain is worse in the morning and involves symmetric joints.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes joint pain and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
swelling. RA is characterized by pain that is worse when arising and involves
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
symmetric joints. |
Which physical assessment finding should the nurse anticipate in a client with
| | | | | | | | | | | |
long-term gastroesophagealreflux disease (GERD)?
| | |
A. Hoarseness.
|
B. Dry mouth.
| |
, C. Mouth ulcers.
| |
D. Weight loss. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A. Hoarseness.
| | | | | | |
Dyspepsia and regurgitation are the main symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux
| | | | | | | | | |
disease (GERD); however, hoarseness is one of the most common long-term
| | | | | | | | | | |
symptoms of GERD due to the irritation of the reflux of gastric secretions.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
A client presents with chronic venous insufficiency. Which assessment finding
| | | | | | | | | |
should the nurse anticipate?
| | |
A. Bilateral lower leg stasis dermatitis.
| | | | |
B. Clubbing of fingers and toes.
| | | | |
C. Intermittent claudication.
| | |
D. Peripheral cyanosis. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A. Bilateral lower leg stasis
| | | | | | | | | |
dermatitis.
Clients who suffer from chroninc venous insufficiency often develop statsis
| | | | | | | | | |
dermatitis in the lower extremities. Statis dermatitis appear as brownish-red
| | | | | | | | | |
discoloration on the lower extremities at the ankles which can develop into stasis
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
ulcers due to the pooling of the venous blood flow back to the heart.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
A client has been hospitalized with a femur fracture and is being treated with
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
traction. Which action by the nurse is the priority when caring for this client?
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
A. Assess neurovascular status.
| | | |
B. Change the client's position.
| | | |
C. Inspect the traction equipment.
| | | |
