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What is an investment company? ✔Correct Answer-An entity that pools investors' money to
purchase securities on their behalf
What is the main purpose of a mutual fund? ✔Correct Answer-To pool money from investors
and invest in a diversified portfolio of securities
What type of investment company issues redeemable securities? ✔Correct Answer-Open-end
investment companies (mutual funds)
Which type of investment company is actively traded on an exchange? ✔Correct Answer-
Closed-end investment company
What is an ETF? ✔Correct Answer-An exchange-traded fund that trades like a stock but
represents a diversified portfolio
What does NAV stand for? ✔Correct Answer-Net Asset Value
How often is NAV calculated for a mutual fund? ✔Correct Answer-Once per business day,
typically at market close
What is a load in mutual fund terms? ✔Correct Answer-A sales charge on mutual funds paid
by the investor
What is a no-load fund? ✔Correct Answer-A mutual fund with no sales charge
What is a front-end load? ✔Correct Answer-A sales charge applied at the time of purchase
What is an expense ratio? ✔Correct Answer-The percentage of assets used to cover operating
expenses in a mutual fund
What is a 12b-1 fee? ✔Correct Answer-A fee for marketing and distribution expenses of a
mutual fund
What does DPP stand for? ✔Correct Answer-Direct Participation Program
What is the main purpose of a DPP? ✔Correct Answer-To pass income, losses, and tax
benefits directly to investors
,What is a REIT? ✔Correct Answer-A Real Estate Investment Trust that invests in real estate or
real estate mortgages
How are REITs typically taxed? ✔Correct Answer-They must distribute at least 90% of income
to avoid corporate tax
What is a closed-end investment company? ✔Correct Answer-An investment company that
issues a fixed number of shares that trade on an exchange
What is the main difference between open-end and closed-end investment companies?
✔Correct Answer-Open-end companies issue new shares as investors buy, while closed-end
companies have a fixed number of shares
Do UITs trade on the secondary market? ✔Correct Answer-No, they are redeemable securities
What is a money market fund? ✔Correct Answer-A type of mutual fund that invests in short-
term, high-quality debt securities
What is the primary risk of a money market fund? ✔Correct Answer-Inflation risk
What type of mutual fund charges a higher 12b-1 fee? ✔Correct Answer-Class C shares
What is the minimum percent of assets a mutual fund must invest in securities to maintain its
status? ✔Correct Answer-75%
What is the maximum limit on a mutual fund's 12b-1 fee? ✔Correct Answer-0.75% for no-
load funds, up to 1% for load funds
What is a growth fund? ✔Correct Answer-A mutual fund that primarily seeks capital
appreciation by investing in stocks
What is a balanced fund? ✔Correct Answer-A mutual fund that includes a mix of stocks and
bonds
What type of securities do municipal bond funds invest in? ✔Correct Answer-Municipal bonds
for tax-exempt income
What does a high expense ratio indicate about a mutual fund? ✔Correct Answer-It has higher
operating expenses
How is a mutual fund's NAV per share calculated? ✔Correct Answer-By dividing total assets
minus liabilities by the number of shares outstanding
, What is a capital gain distribution in a mutual fund? ✔Correct Answer-Profit from securities
sold by the fund, distributed to shareholders
How are capital gain distributions from a mutual fund taxed? ✔Correct Answer-As capital
gains, depending on the holding period of the fund's assets
What type of income do bond fund dividends represent? ✔Correct Answer-Interest income
What does it mean for a fund to be actively managed? ✔Correct Answer-The manager makes
regular buy/sell decisions to try and outperform the market
Are municipal bond funds suitable for retirement accounts? ✔Correct Answer-No, because
their tax-exempt status is irrelevant in tax-deferred accounts
Can REITs pass losses through to investors like a DPP? ✔Correct Answer-No, only income is
passed through
What is a target-date fund? ✔Correct Answer-A mutual fund that adjusts its asset mix as the
target date approaches
What type of mutual fund fees are asset-based? ✔Correct Answer-12b-1 fees
What is the primary difference between a growth and income fund? ✔Correct Answer-
Growth funds focus on capital appreciation, while income funds focus on generating dividends
Can mutual funds charge both a front-end and back-end load? ✔Correct Answer-No, they
typically charge one or the other, not both
What type of fund would be most appropriate for an investor seeking income and stability?
✔Correct Answer-Bond fund or income fund
What is the primary function of the Federal Reserve (the Fed)? ✔Correct Answer-To regulate
the U.S. money supply and ensure financial stability
What does the term "monetary policy" refer to? ✔Correct Answer-The actions taken by the
Fed to influence the economy through the money supply and interest rates
What are the Fed's three primary tools of monetary policy? ✔Correct Answer-Open market
operations, discount rate, and reserve requirements
What happens when the Fed buys government securities? ✔Correct Answer-Money supply
increases, which can lead to lower interest rates