Test Bank for Focus on Nursing Pharmacology, 7th Edition by Amy M. Karch – Comprehensive Nursing Pharmacology Exam Resource

s s s s


aterial

Chapterb1: s s Introduction s s to
Drugs

, s s s s


aterial

Chapterb1: s s Introduction s s to
Cognitive Level: Drugs
Application ss ss



Difficulty: Moderate
ss s s



Integrated Process: Nursing process ss s s ss



1.A nurse working inbradiology administers iodine to a patient who is having a comput
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



erized axial tomography (CAT) scan. A nurse working on an oncology unit administ
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



ers chemotherapy to patientsbwho have cancer. At the Public Health Department, a n
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



urse administers a measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine to a 14-bmonth-
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



old child as a routine immunization. Which branch of pharmacology best describes t
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



hebactions of all three nurses?
ss ss ss ss ss



A) Pharmacoeconomics
B) Pharmacotherapeutics
C) Pharmacodynamics
D) Pharmacokinetics
Ans: B
Response:
Pharmacology is the study of the biologic effects of chemicals. Nurses are involved wi ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



th clinical pharmacology or pharmacotherapeutics, which is a branch of pharmacology
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



that deals with the uses of drugs to treat, prevent, and diagnose disease. The nursebwor
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



king in radiology isbadministering a drug to help diagnose a disease. Thebnurse workin
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



g on an oncology unit is administering a drug to help treat a disease. Pharmacoeconomi cs
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



includes any costs involved in drug therapy.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



Pharmacodynamics involves how a drug affects the body, and pharmacokinetics isbho ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



w the body acts on the drug.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss




Cognitive Level: Comprehension Di ss ss ss



fficulty: Easy
ss s s



Integrated Process: Nursing process ss s s ss



2.A physician has ordered intramuscular injections of morphine, a narcotic, every 4 hour s
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



as needed for pain for a motor vehicle accident victim. The nurse isbaware that there is a
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



high abusebpotentialbfor this drug; therefore, morphine is categorized as a:
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



A) Schedule I drug ss ss



B) Schedule II drug ss ss



C) Schedule III drug ss s s



D) Schedule IV drug ss ss



Ans: B
Response:
Narcotics such asbmorphinebare considered schedule II drugs because of thebhigh abuse
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



potential with severe dependence liability. Schedule I drugs have high abuse potential
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



and no accepted medical use. Schedule III drugs have a lesser abuse potentialbthan sch
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



edule II drugs and an accepted medical use. Schedule IV drugs have low abusebpotentia l
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



and limited dependence liability.
ss ss ss ss




Cognitive Level: Comprehension ss ss



ssDifficulty: Easy s s



Integrated Process: Communication and documentation ss s s ss ss



3. A nurse working for a drug company is involved in phase III drug evaluation studies.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



ssWhich of the following might the nurse be responsible for during thisbstage of drug de
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



ssvelopment?

, s s s s


aterial

Chapterb1: s s Introduction s s to
Drugs

A) Workingbwith animalsbwho are given experimental drugs ss ss ss ss ss



B) Monitoring drug effects in patients who are selected to participate in abstudy, wh o ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



have the diseasebthat the drug is meant to treat
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



C) Collecting records of symptoms that participants experience while taking a dru ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



gband determining whether they are caused by the disease or thebdrugbInforming
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



D) healthy, young volunteer participants of possible risks that could occur from tak
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



ing an experimental drug ss ss ss ss



Ans: C
Response:
Phase III studiesbinvolve usebof a drug in a vast clinical market where patients are aske d
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



to record any symptoms they experience while taking the drugs. Nurses may bebrespo
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



nsible for helping collect and analyze the information to be shared with theb Food and
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s s ss



Drug Administration (FDA). Use of animals in drug testing is done in the preclinical tr
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



ials. A select group of patients who are involved in phase II studies participate in studi
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



es where the participants have the disease the drug is intended to treat. These patients a
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



re monitored closely for drugbeffects. Phase I studies involve healthy human volunteer
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



s who are usually paid for their participation. Nurses may observe for adversebeffects a
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



nd toxicity.
ss ss




Cognitive Level: Comprehension Di ss ss ss



fficulty: Moderate
ss s s



Integrated Process: Nursing Process ss s s ss



4. Which of the following concepts is considered when generic drugs are substituted for
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



brand-name drugs?
ss ss



A) Bioavailability
B) Critical concentration ss



C) Distribution
D) Half-life
Ans: A
Response:
Bioavailability isbthebportion of a dose of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation a ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



nd isbavailable to act onbbody cells. Binders used in a generic drug may notbbe the same
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



as thosebused in the brand-
ss ss ss ss ss



name drug. Therefore, the way thebbody breaks down and uses the drug may differ, whi ch
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



may eliminate absubstitution. Critical concentration is the amount of a drug that is n
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



eeded to causeba therapeutic effect.
ss ss ss ss ss



Distribution isbthebphasebof pharmacokinetics that involves the movement of a drug to t ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



hebbody's tissues. A drug's half-
ss ss ss ss ss



life isbthebtimebit takes for the amount of drug to decrease to one-half of the peak level.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss




Cognitive Level: AnalysisbDifficult ss ss



ssy: Difficult s s



Integrated Process: Teaching/learning ss s s



5.A nurse isbteaching her patient about the use of over-the-
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



A) counter (OTC) drugs. Whichbof the following statements best informs the patient about
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



their safebuse?
ss ss



B) ―OTC drugs are products that are available without prescription for self- ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



treatment of minor complaints.‖ ss ss ss



―OTC drugs are considered medications and should be reported on a drugbhistor y.‖
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss




Page 2 s s




C)

, s s s s


aterial

Chapterb1: s s Introduction s s to
Drugs
D) ―OTC drugs were approved as prescription drugs butlater were found to be safeb
ss ss ss ss s ss ss s ss ss ss ss ss



without the need for a prescription.‖
s s ss ss ss ss ss



―OTC drugs need to bebtaken with caution. They can mask the signs and sympto ms
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss


Ans: of an underlying disease and interfere with prescription drug therapy.‖
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



D
Response:
OTC drugs arebconsidered medications and should be reported. OTC drugs arebavailab
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



lebwithout a prescription, although some were first approved asbprescription drugs. The
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



most important teachingbshould relate to their safe use and that OTC drugsbcan mask s
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



ymptoms of diseaseband interfere with prescribed drugs.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss




Cognitive Level: Knowledge Diffic ss ss ss



ulty: Easy
ss s s



Integrated Process: Nursing Process ss s s ss



6. Which of the following legislative acts allowed the Food and Drug Administration (
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



FDA) to tighten control over the quality of drugs and required that safety and effica
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



cy standards be established?
ss ss ss ss



A) Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 ss ss ss ss ss ss



B) FederalbFood, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 ss ss ss ss ss ss



C) DurhambHumphrey Amendment of 1951 ss ss ss



D) Kefauver-HarrisbAct of 1962 ss ss



Ans: D
Response:
The Kefauver- ss



Harris Act was the result of thebusebof the 1960s drug thalidomide (Thalomid). Thebpu
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



blic concern led to the legislation that gave the FDA regulatory control over testing an d
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



evaluating of drugs andballowed it to set standards for efficacy and safety. The Pureb
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



Food and Drug Actbrequired labeling to eliminate false claims. The Federal Food, Dru
s s ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



g, and Cosmetic Actbgave the FDAbthe power to enforce standards for testing drugbtox
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



icity and monitoring labeling. The Durham-
ss ss ss ss ss ss



Humphrey Amendment enforced prescriptions for distribution. ss ss ss ss ss




Cognitive Level: Application Diffic ss ss ss



ulty: Moderate
ss s s



Integrated Process: Teaching/learning ss s s



7. A nurse isbinstructing a pregnant patient concerning the potential risk to her fetus f
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



rom a pregnancy category B drug. The nurse would inform the patient that:
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



A) ―Adequate studies in pregnant women have demonstrated there is no riskbto the f ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s ss ss ss



etus.‖ ss



B) ―Animal studies have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus butbthere have beenbn o ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s ss ss ss



adequate studies in pregnant women.‖
ss ss ss ss ss



C) ―Animal studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus butthere are no a ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s ss ss ss



dequate studies inbpregnant women.‖
ss ss ss ss



D) ―There is evidence of human fetal risk but the potential benefits fromuse of thebd rug
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s ss s ss



may be acceptable despite potential risks.‖
ss ss ss ss ss ss



Ans: B
Response:
Category B indicatesbthat animal studies have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus but
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss