9th Grade English Language & Composition Notes | Complete Freshman ELA Study Guide

English Language & Composition Notes
Freshmen / 9th Grade


UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO
LANGUAGE & COMPOSITION
What is Language?
Language is a system of communication that uses words, symbols, sounds, and gestures to
express ideas, thoughts, and emotions.

Purposes of Language

 To inform
 To persuade
 To entertain
 To describe
 To express feelings

Types of Communication

1. Verbal Communication – spoken or written words
2. Nonverbal Communication – gestures, facial expressions, body language
3. Visual Communication – images, symbols, videos, charts




UNIT 2: PARTS OF SPEECH
1. Nouns
A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea.

Examples

 Person: teacher, Maria
 Place: school, New York
 Thing: phone, chair
 Idea: freedom, happiness

Types of Nouns

 Common Noun – general name
 Proper Noun – specific name
 Concrete Noun – can be sensed
 Abstract Noun – ideas or feelings
 Collective Noun – names a group

, 2. Pronouns
A pronoun replaces a noun.

Examples

 he
 she
 they
 it
 we

Example Sentence

Maria loves books. She reads every day.




3. Verbs
A verb shows action or a state of being.

Action Verbs

 run
 jump
 write

Linking Verbs

 is
 are
 seem

Helping Verbs

 has
 have
 will
 can




4. Adjectives
An adjective describes a noun.

Examples

 beautiful flower
 cold weather
 tall building