Explain why a patient with liver disease would have intolerance to fatty foods. - ANSWER
The liver produces bile which breaks down fats. If it is not producing bile (or less bile), fats
will not be broken down effectively.
Explain in detail how stomach contents enter small intestine - ANSWER The pyloric
sphincter valve, located at the base of the stomach, relaxes causing a small quantity of
chyme to pass through the opening into the first part of the small intestine. This initiates a
reflex that causes the muscles of the sphincter to contract and close the opening temporar-
ily. Then the sphincter relaxes again and allows more chyme to enter.
A patient experiencing vitamin toxicity. What type of vitamin would be causing this toxicity?
A. Water soluble vitamin
B. Fat soluble vitamin
C. All of the above - ANSWER B. Fat soluble vitamin, they are stored within the body's fat
stores making it harder for the body to rid itself of them.
Explain each digestive system functions are carried out by the small intestine - ANSWER
Digestion and Absorption
Chemical digestion continues as enzymes from the pancreatic juices break down starches
and proteins, and begin digestion of fat.
Mechanical digestion continues as bile breaks down fat into smaller pieces
Absorption begins as digested food molecules, water and fat are absorbed into the blood-
stream.
Name and explain four main functions performed by the digestive system - ANSWER 1.
Ingestion: when food enters the mouth
1
, 2. Digestion: food breakdown occurs when food is moved, mixed and exposed to enzymes
along the gastrointestinal tract. Divided into two parts, mechanical and chemical.
A. Mechanical occurs when food is broken down in small pieces using the teeth to chew
food.
B. Chemical is the breakdown of food by enzymes
3. Absorption: the process of loving digested food into the bloodstream
4. Defecation: the excretion of indigestible food from the anus
Which of the following statements is false?
A. The ileocecal valve controls the entrance of chyme into to the large intestine.
B. Taste buds are located on the surface of the mouth and the wall of the pharynx.
C. The liver, pancreas, and tongue are considered accessory organs to the digestive system.
D. The stomach is located along the right side of the abdomen below the diaphragm.
(It is located along the left side of the abdomen below the diaphragm) - ANSWER D. The
stomach is located along the right side of the abdomen below the diaphragm.
(It is located along the left side of the abdomen below the diaphragm)
What is the purpose of hormone Ghrelin?
A. Increase hunger, decrease satiety
B. Increase hunger, increase satiety
C. Decrease hunger, increase satiety
D. Decrease hunger, decrease satiety - ANSWER A. Increase hunger, decrease satiety
True/false: lipids can be divided into two categories: complete or incomplete - ANSWER
False- proteins can be divided into those two categories
True/false: Anabolism combines smaller molecules to make larger molecules - ANSWER
True
2
The liver produces bile which breaks down fats. If it is not producing bile (or less bile), fats
will not be broken down effectively.
Explain in detail how stomach contents enter small intestine - ANSWER The pyloric
sphincter valve, located at the base of the stomach, relaxes causing a small quantity of
chyme to pass through the opening into the first part of the small intestine. This initiates a
reflex that causes the muscles of the sphincter to contract and close the opening temporar-
ily. Then the sphincter relaxes again and allows more chyme to enter.
A patient experiencing vitamin toxicity. What type of vitamin would be causing this toxicity?
A. Water soluble vitamin
B. Fat soluble vitamin
C. All of the above - ANSWER B. Fat soluble vitamin, they are stored within the body's fat
stores making it harder for the body to rid itself of them.
Explain each digestive system functions are carried out by the small intestine - ANSWER
Digestion and Absorption
Chemical digestion continues as enzymes from the pancreatic juices break down starches
and proteins, and begin digestion of fat.
Mechanical digestion continues as bile breaks down fat into smaller pieces
Absorption begins as digested food molecules, water and fat are absorbed into the blood-
stream.
Name and explain four main functions performed by the digestive system - ANSWER 1.
Ingestion: when food enters the mouth
1
, 2. Digestion: food breakdown occurs when food is moved, mixed and exposed to enzymes
along the gastrointestinal tract. Divided into two parts, mechanical and chemical.
A. Mechanical occurs when food is broken down in small pieces using the teeth to chew
food.
B. Chemical is the breakdown of food by enzymes
3. Absorption: the process of loving digested food into the bloodstream
4. Defecation: the excretion of indigestible food from the anus
Which of the following statements is false?
A. The ileocecal valve controls the entrance of chyme into to the large intestine.
B. Taste buds are located on the surface of the mouth and the wall of the pharynx.
C. The liver, pancreas, and tongue are considered accessory organs to the digestive system.
D. The stomach is located along the right side of the abdomen below the diaphragm.
(It is located along the left side of the abdomen below the diaphragm) - ANSWER D. The
stomach is located along the right side of the abdomen below the diaphragm.
(It is located along the left side of the abdomen below the diaphragm)
What is the purpose of hormone Ghrelin?
A. Increase hunger, decrease satiety
B. Increase hunger, increase satiety
C. Decrease hunger, increase satiety
D. Decrease hunger, decrease satiety - ANSWER A. Increase hunger, decrease satiety
True/false: lipids can be divided into two categories: complete or incomplete - ANSWER
False- proteins can be divided into those two categories
True/false: Anabolism combines smaller molecules to make larger molecules - ANSWER
True
2
