NU 110/ NU110 Exams 1 & 2 (New
2026/ 2027 Updates BUNDLED
TOGETHER PACKAGE) Questions
& Answers | Grade A| 100% Correct
(Verified Solutions)- Galen
NU 110 EXAM 1 – Integrated Human Sciences (Questions 1-100)
Cellular Biology, Chemistry, and Terminology
Q1. What element do we need to assist carrying oxygen to the blood?
A) Calcium
B) Iron
C) Magnesium
D) Potassium
Correct ,,,,,,ANSWER,,,,,,: B
Rationale: Iron is a critical component of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells
that binds to oxygen in the lungs and transports it to tissues throughout the body.
,Q2. What element is needed to give most ATP?
A) Calcium
B) Iron
C) Magnesium
D) Oxygen
Correct ,,,,,,ANSWER,,,,,,: D
Rationale: Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain
during aerobic cellular respiration. Without oxygen, oxidative phosphorylation halts,
and ATP production drops significantly.
Q3. What is the genetic code?
A) RNA
B) DNA
C) ATP
D) Protein
Correct ,,,,,,ANSWER,,,,,,: B
Rationale: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) contains the genetic instructions used in the
development and functioning of all living organisms.
Q4. What is the term called when a cell divides?
A) Meiosis
B) Mutation
C) Mitosis
D) Metabolism
,Correct ,,,,,,ANSWER,,,,,,: C
Rationale: Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter
cells, essential for growth and tissue repair.
Q5. Which of the following is NOT a step in T-cell activation?
A) Antigen presentation
B) Production of helper T cells
C) Secretion of lymphokines that activate B cells
D) Production of antibody-secreting plasma cells
Correct ,,,,,,ANSWER,,,,,,: D
Rationale: Production of antibody-secreting plasma cells is a function of B cells
(humoral immunity), not T-cell activation. T cells are part of cell-mediated immunity.
Q6. Meninges are:
A) Connective tissue membranes
B) Cover the brain only
C) Cover the spinal cord only
D) Muscle layers
Correct ,,,,,,ANSWER,,,,,,: A
Rationale: Meninges are three layers of connective tissue membranes (dura mater,
arachnoid mater, pia mater) that cover and protect both the brain and spinal cord.
, Q7. What is the primary function of albumin in the blood plasma?
A) Immune defense
B) Blood clotting
C) Maintenance of fluid volume (osmotic pressure)
D) Oxygen transport
Correct ,,,,,,ANSWER,,,,,,: C
Rationale: Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein. It creates colloid osmotic
pressure, which helps maintain fluid volume within blood vessels and prevents
edema.
Q8. What term describes proteins that move substances from one side of the
plasma membrane to the other?
A) Receptors
B) Enzymes
C) Transporters
D) Antibodies
Correct ,,,,,,ANSWER,,,,,,: C
Rationale: Transporter proteins (carriers and channels) facilitate the movement of
ions, nutrients, and other substances across the cell membrane.
Q9. In the final step of the clotting reaction, fibrinogen is converted to:
A) Thrombin
B) Prothrombin
C) Fibrin
D) Plasmin
2026/ 2027 Updates BUNDLED
TOGETHER PACKAGE) Questions
& Answers | Grade A| 100% Correct
(Verified Solutions)- Galen
NU 110 EXAM 1 – Integrated Human Sciences (Questions 1-100)
Cellular Biology, Chemistry, and Terminology
Q1. What element do we need to assist carrying oxygen to the blood?
A) Calcium
B) Iron
C) Magnesium
D) Potassium
Correct ,,,,,,ANSWER,,,,,,: B
Rationale: Iron is a critical component of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells
that binds to oxygen in the lungs and transports it to tissues throughout the body.
,Q2. What element is needed to give most ATP?
A) Calcium
B) Iron
C) Magnesium
D) Oxygen
Correct ,,,,,,ANSWER,,,,,,: D
Rationale: Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain
during aerobic cellular respiration. Without oxygen, oxidative phosphorylation halts,
and ATP production drops significantly.
Q3. What is the genetic code?
A) RNA
B) DNA
C) ATP
D) Protein
Correct ,,,,,,ANSWER,,,,,,: B
Rationale: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) contains the genetic instructions used in the
development and functioning of all living organisms.
Q4. What is the term called when a cell divides?
A) Meiosis
B) Mutation
C) Mitosis
D) Metabolism
,Correct ,,,,,,ANSWER,,,,,,: C
Rationale: Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter
cells, essential for growth and tissue repair.
Q5. Which of the following is NOT a step in T-cell activation?
A) Antigen presentation
B) Production of helper T cells
C) Secretion of lymphokines that activate B cells
D) Production of antibody-secreting plasma cells
Correct ,,,,,,ANSWER,,,,,,: D
Rationale: Production of antibody-secreting plasma cells is a function of B cells
(humoral immunity), not T-cell activation. T cells are part of cell-mediated immunity.
Q6. Meninges are:
A) Connective tissue membranes
B) Cover the brain only
C) Cover the spinal cord only
D) Muscle layers
Correct ,,,,,,ANSWER,,,,,,: A
Rationale: Meninges are three layers of connective tissue membranes (dura mater,
arachnoid mater, pia mater) that cover and protect both the brain and spinal cord.
, Q7. What is the primary function of albumin in the blood plasma?
A) Immune defense
B) Blood clotting
C) Maintenance of fluid volume (osmotic pressure)
D) Oxygen transport
Correct ,,,,,,ANSWER,,,,,,: C
Rationale: Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein. It creates colloid osmotic
pressure, which helps maintain fluid volume within blood vessels and prevents
edema.
Q8. What term describes proteins that move substances from one side of the
plasma membrane to the other?
A) Receptors
B) Enzymes
C) Transporters
D) Antibodies
Correct ,,,,,,ANSWER,,,,,,: C
Rationale: Transporter proteins (carriers and channels) facilitate the movement of
ions, nutrients, and other substances across the cell membrane.
Q9. In the final step of the clotting reaction, fibrinogen is converted to:
A) Thrombin
B) Prothrombin
C) Fibrin
D) Plasmin
