Bio 121: Final Exam Review Questions And Detailed Answers Pass Guaranteed

evolution - correct answers change overtime biological evolution - correct answers consists of genetic change in populations of organisms across generations the two naturalists from England who established the idea of natural selection - correct answers 1. Alfred Russell Wallace 2.Charles Darwin where Alfred studied natural selection - correct answers Archipelago where Charles Darwin studied natural selection - correct answers on his voyage of HMS Beagle HMS Beagle - correct answers Charles Darwins book published that explained his belief of natural selection Natural Selection - correct answers process by which inherited characteristics enhance survival reproduction 3 premises of natural selection - correct answers 1. organisms face a constant struggle to survive and reproduce 2. organisms tend to produce more offspring than can survive 3. individuals of a species vary in their characteristics adaptive traits - correct answers genes are passed to offspring and those of better adapted parents will succeed because they will better adapt through time adaption - correct answers trait that promotes success artificial selection - correct answers selection conducted under human direction examples of artificial selection - correct answers breeding breeding (broccoli, cauliflower, brussel sprouts) speciation - correct answers process in which new species are generated allopatric speciation - correct answers species formation due to physical separation of populations over geographic distance how allopatric speciation works - correct answers other DNA combines with other species and mutations begin to form Phylogenetic Trees - correct answers depict relationships among species, major groups of species, populations, or genes Extinction - correct answers the disappearance of a species from earth why extinction is a natural process - correct answers when conditions naturally change and a species does not have enough time to adapt and work with the change example of extinction as a natural process - correct answers rise&fall of sea level, arrival of new species, severe weather events mass extinction events - correct answers massive disappearance of species at once what mass extinction our world is in currently - correct answers 6th mass extinction event due to human impact ecology - correct answers study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment ecological levels of organization - correct answers 1. biosphere 2. ecosystem 3. community 4. population 5. organism key concepts of ecology - correct answers at 2. niche habitat - correct answers consists of living and non-living elements around the organism (which is scale dependent) niche - correct answers reflects the use of resources and its functional role in a community factors that are applied to an organisms niche - correct answers at use mption of certain food flow of matter and energy specialists - correct answers species with very specific requirements generalists - correct answers species with broad tolerances and are able to use an array of resources characteristics that help predict population dynamics - correct answers ation size ation density ation distribution 4. sex ratios structure population size - correct answers number of individual organisms population density - correct answers the number of individuals in a population per unit area (more dense-more competition) population distribution - correct answers spatial arrangement of organisms in an area types of population distribution - correct answers m rm ed random distribution - correct answers individuals are organized in no particular order uniform distribution - correct answers individuals are evenly spaced; can occur when individuals hold territory due to competition for space clumped distribution - correct answers organisms organize themselves according to availability of resources sex ratios - correct answers proportion of males to females age structure - correct answers relative numbers of organisms of each age within a population (can determine reproductive rate)