BIO 148 Biodiversity Ultimate General Exam Study
Guide 2026/2027
⭐ Complete Questions with Correct Detailed Answers |
Latest Updated Version | Exam Success Resource
Prepare with confidence using this Ultimate General Exam Study Guide (2026/2027
Edition)—a comprehensive and easy-to-follow resource designed to help students and
professionals improve understanding, strengthen knowledge, and succeed in exams.
This guide includes complete exam questions with correct detailed answers, carefully
organized to cover important and frequently tested topics. Each answer is supported with clear
explanations to help reinforce learning, simplify difficult concepts, and improve exam readiness.
Whether you are preparing weeks in advance or doing last-minute revision, this study guide
provides a structured and effective way to review key material and practice exam-style
questions.
🔥 Key Highlights
✔ Complete exam questions covering essential topics
✔ Correct answers with detailed explanations
✔ Focused review of commonly tested concepts
✔ Simple and organized layout for quick revision
✔ Latest updated version (2026/2027) for accurate preparation
🚀 Why This Study Guide Is Effective
This resource is designed to help students:
• Improve understanding of important concepts
• Practice with realistic exam-style questions
• Identify weak areas and strengthen knowledge
• Build confidence before exams
• Study smarter and save preparation time
,🎯 Ideal For
• Final exam preparation
• Midterm reviews
• Certification and licensing exams
• Self-study and revision sessions
• Improving overall academic performance
📚 A reliable and practical study companion designed to help you prepare efficiently, stay
confident, and achieve better exam results.
which are evolutionarily more closely related?
A. bacteria and Archaea
B. archaea and eukaryotes
C. bacteria and eukaryotes -ANSWER✅✅✅B. archaea and eukaryotes
which of the following were present in the common ancestor of bacteria, archaea, and
eukarya?
A. proteins
B. RNA
C. DNA
D. answers a and b are correct
E. answers a, b and c are correct -ANSWER✅✅✅E. answers a, b and c are correct
- all living things have to have RNA bc all living things have ribosomes, which are made
up of RNA
all living things can be divided into.. -ANSWER✅✅✅prokaryotes and eukaryotes
prokaryotes _______ (do/don't) have membrane bound organelles -ANSWER✅✅✅do
not
- no nucleus!!
- have cell walls and plasma membranes
bacteria are ... -ANSWER✅✅✅prokaryotes
- first living things
,- found everywhere and also inside and on many other living things
- single celled
archaea are... -ANSWER✅✅✅prokaryotes
- single celled
- more closely related to eukaryotes than bacteria (in terms of transcription and
translation)
a lot of archaea are ______________, meaning they love extreme environments -
ANSWER✅✅✅extremophiles
- high temps / pressures
eukaryotes -ANSWER✅✅✅- do have membrane bound organelles with slight
differences in plant and animal cells
- have nucleus, mitochondria
- have plasma membrane
- single AND multicellular organisms
location of DNA in bacteria and archaea (prokaryotes) -ANSWER✅✅✅in nucleoid
(NOT membrane bound), sometimes plasmids (ring of DNA)
location of DNA in eukaryotes -ANSWER✅✅✅inside nucleus (membrane bounds)
internal membranes and organelles in bacteria and archaea (prokaryotes) -
ANSWER✅✅✅some photsynthetic species have internal membranes, limited numbers
and types of organelles
internal membranes and organelles in eukaryotes -ANSWER✅✅✅large #s and types
of organelles
cytoskeleton in bacteria and archaea (prokaryotes) -ANSWER✅✅✅limited
cytoskeleton in eukaryotes -ANSWER✅✅✅extensive and found throughout the volume
of the cell
overall size in bacteria and archaea (prokaryotes) -ANSWER✅✅✅usually small
compared to eukaryotes
(single celled)
overall size in eukaryotes -ANSWER✅✅✅most are larger than prokaryotes
(single of multicellular)
evidence for the 3 domain system -ANSWER✅✅✅Carl Woese
- compare rRNA sequence at the same location in all living beings
, earth: 4.6 billion years ago
life began ... -ANSWER✅✅✅3.8 billion years ago
protists are considered.. -ANSWER✅✅✅type of eukaryotes
anaerobic -ANSWER✅✅✅do not need oxygen for their metabolism
rotating flagella present in... -ANSWER✅✅✅prokaryotes but not eukaryotes
plasma membrane lipids composed of glycerol bonded to unbranched fatty acids by
ester linkages... -ANSWER✅✅✅true for bacteria and eukaryotes, NOT archaea
cell walls, when present, contain peptidoglycan... -ANSWER✅✅✅ONLY bacteria have
it
RNA polymerase composed of more than 10 subunits.. -ANSWER✅✅✅Yes for
archaea & eukaryotes, NOT bacteria
translation initiated w/ methionine -ANSWER✅✅✅Yes for archaea & eukaryotes, NO
for bacteria
which is a major difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
A. all Es are multicellular, all Ps are unicellular
B. Ps include bacteria and protists, Es include all other organisms
C. P cells are larger than E cells
D. E cells have a membrane bound nucleus, P cells do not
E. A and D -ANSWER✅✅✅D. E cells have a membrane bound nucleus, P cells do not
- P cell's DNA is in nucleoids or plasmids
first organisms on earth.. -ANSWER✅✅✅all prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea)
- most extremophiles.
- bacteria were still first though, then archaea
different ______________ in the plasma membrane of archaea and bacteria -
ANSWER✅✅✅phospholipids
hydrophobic fatty acid tails face.. -ANSWER✅✅✅inside of bilayer
hydrophilic phosphate heads face.. -ANSWER✅✅✅outside of bilayer
bacteria have __________ in their cell walls while archaea do not (and Es don't either) -
ANSWER✅✅✅peptidoglycan
Guide 2026/2027
⭐ Complete Questions with Correct Detailed Answers |
Latest Updated Version | Exam Success Resource
Prepare with confidence using this Ultimate General Exam Study Guide (2026/2027
Edition)—a comprehensive and easy-to-follow resource designed to help students and
professionals improve understanding, strengthen knowledge, and succeed in exams.
This guide includes complete exam questions with correct detailed answers, carefully
organized to cover important and frequently tested topics. Each answer is supported with clear
explanations to help reinforce learning, simplify difficult concepts, and improve exam readiness.
Whether you are preparing weeks in advance or doing last-minute revision, this study guide
provides a structured and effective way to review key material and practice exam-style
questions.
🔥 Key Highlights
✔ Complete exam questions covering essential topics
✔ Correct answers with detailed explanations
✔ Focused review of commonly tested concepts
✔ Simple and organized layout for quick revision
✔ Latest updated version (2026/2027) for accurate preparation
🚀 Why This Study Guide Is Effective
This resource is designed to help students:
• Improve understanding of important concepts
• Practice with realistic exam-style questions
• Identify weak areas and strengthen knowledge
• Build confidence before exams
• Study smarter and save preparation time
,🎯 Ideal For
• Final exam preparation
• Midterm reviews
• Certification and licensing exams
• Self-study and revision sessions
• Improving overall academic performance
📚 A reliable and practical study companion designed to help you prepare efficiently, stay
confident, and achieve better exam results.
which are evolutionarily more closely related?
A. bacteria and Archaea
B. archaea and eukaryotes
C. bacteria and eukaryotes -ANSWER✅✅✅B. archaea and eukaryotes
which of the following were present in the common ancestor of bacteria, archaea, and
eukarya?
A. proteins
B. RNA
C. DNA
D. answers a and b are correct
E. answers a, b and c are correct -ANSWER✅✅✅E. answers a, b and c are correct
- all living things have to have RNA bc all living things have ribosomes, which are made
up of RNA
all living things can be divided into.. -ANSWER✅✅✅prokaryotes and eukaryotes
prokaryotes _______ (do/don't) have membrane bound organelles -ANSWER✅✅✅do
not
- no nucleus!!
- have cell walls and plasma membranes
bacteria are ... -ANSWER✅✅✅prokaryotes
- first living things
,- found everywhere and also inside and on many other living things
- single celled
archaea are... -ANSWER✅✅✅prokaryotes
- single celled
- more closely related to eukaryotes than bacteria (in terms of transcription and
translation)
a lot of archaea are ______________, meaning they love extreme environments -
ANSWER✅✅✅extremophiles
- high temps / pressures
eukaryotes -ANSWER✅✅✅- do have membrane bound organelles with slight
differences in plant and animal cells
- have nucleus, mitochondria
- have plasma membrane
- single AND multicellular organisms
location of DNA in bacteria and archaea (prokaryotes) -ANSWER✅✅✅in nucleoid
(NOT membrane bound), sometimes plasmids (ring of DNA)
location of DNA in eukaryotes -ANSWER✅✅✅inside nucleus (membrane bounds)
internal membranes and organelles in bacteria and archaea (prokaryotes) -
ANSWER✅✅✅some photsynthetic species have internal membranes, limited numbers
and types of organelles
internal membranes and organelles in eukaryotes -ANSWER✅✅✅large #s and types
of organelles
cytoskeleton in bacteria and archaea (prokaryotes) -ANSWER✅✅✅limited
cytoskeleton in eukaryotes -ANSWER✅✅✅extensive and found throughout the volume
of the cell
overall size in bacteria and archaea (prokaryotes) -ANSWER✅✅✅usually small
compared to eukaryotes
(single celled)
overall size in eukaryotes -ANSWER✅✅✅most are larger than prokaryotes
(single of multicellular)
evidence for the 3 domain system -ANSWER✅✅✅Carl Woese
- compare rRNA sequence at the same location in all living beings
, earth: 4.6 billion years ago
life began ... -ANSWER✅✅✅3.8 billion years ago
protists are considered.. -ANSWER✅✅✅type of eukaryotes
anaerobic -ANSWER✅✅✅do not need oxygen for their metabolism
rotating flagella present in... -ANSWER✅✅✅prokaryotes but not eukaryotes
plasma membrane lipids composed of glycerol bonded to unbranched fatty acids by
ester linkages... -ANSWER✅✅✅true for bacteria and eukaryotes, NOT archaea
cell walls, when present, contain peptidoglycan... -ANSWER✅✅✅ONLY bacteria have
it
RNA polymerase composed of more than 10 subunits.. -ANSWER✅✅✅Yes for
archaea & eukaryotes, NOT bacteria
translation initiated w/ methionine -ANSWER✅✅✅Yes for archaea & eukaryotes, NO
for bacteria
which is a major difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
A. all Es are multicellular, all Ps are unicellular
B. Ps include bacteria and protists, Es include all other organisms
C. P cells are larger than E cells
D. E cells have a membrane bound nucleus, P cells do not
E. A and D -ANSWER✅✅✅D. E cells have a membrane bound nucleus, P cells do not
- P cell's DNA is in nucleoids or plasmids
first organisms on earth.. -ANSWER✅✅✅all prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea)
- most extremophiles.
- bacteria were still first though, then archaea
different ______________ in the plasma membrane of archaea and bacteria -
ANSWER✅✅✅phospholipids
hydrophobic fatty acid tails face.. -ANSWER✅✅✅inside of bilayer
hydrophilic phosphate heads face.. -ANSWER✅✅✅outside of bilayer
bacteria have __________ in their cell walls while archaea do not (and Es don't either) -
ANSWER✅✅✅peptidoglycan
