Bio 121 Exam 1 Connect Quizzes. Fully Solved Guaranteed Answers

According to Darwin, existing life forms resulted from the modification of pre-existing life forms through the interaction of two factors. What were those two interacting factors? - correct answers variation of traits and natural selection. Extinct/living members of the horse family: - correct answers fossil records Gill ridges in human and fish embryos: - correct answers Homology Camera eye of squids and humans: - correct answers convergent evolution Kale, Broccoli, and Cabbage: - correct answers selective breeding Darwin's Finches: - correct answers biogeography endemic island species: - correct answers biogeography mouthparts of different insects: - correct answers homology different types of cattle: - correct answers selective breeding wings of butterflies and birds: - correct answers convergent evolution T/F: selective breeding is also called artificial breeding - correct answers true T/F: environmental factors are important in selective breeding - correct answers false T/F: selective breeding will always result in organisms that are well-adapted to their environment - correct answers false T/F: selective breeding causes mutations in a population. - correct answers false T/F: selective breeding can only act on genetic variation that is already present in a population. - correct answers true Convergent: (vs. Not Convergent) - correct answers - long snout of egg-laying echidna and placental giant anteater - flippers of dolphins and find of fish - webbed feet of ducks and otters - true roots and root-like stems (rhizomes) of plants. Not Convergent: (vs. Convergent) - correct answers - cactus spine and tree leaf - tailbone of humans and tail of dogs - wings of bats and flippers of whales Vestigial Structures in Humans: - correct answers - tail bone - ear muscles Not Vestigial in Humans: - correct answers - pancreas - spleen - thumb - ribs T/F: all living individuals evolve during their lifetime. - correct answers false what is needed for natural selection to occur? - correct answers - variation in traits - differential reproduction - traits that can be passed from parent to offspring. which is NOT true of the process of natural selection? - correct answers for natural selection to operate, individuals within a population must produce equal numbers of surviving offspring. what is the benefit to the receiving bacterial cell of horizontal gene transfer? - correct answers the bacteria might receive a gene that aids its survival vertical gene transfer: - correct answers is the transfer of DNA during normal cell division Horizontal Gene Transfer: - correct answers is the transfer of DNA between different genomes. fitness is a measure of the ______________ of a particular genotype in a population. - correct answers reproductive success a gene pool consists of: - correct answers all alleles for all genes in a population. why are the terms 'natural selection' and 'evolution' not synonymous? - correct answers - because evolution occurs in populations and natural selection acts on individuals. - because natural selection is only one of many mechanisms that lead to evolution. - because evolution operates on a genetic level and natural selection acts upon phenotypic traits. which finches survived to reproduce? - correct answers those able to eat the larger seeds. all individuals in a population of birds are tagged and measured. the beaks of the birds vary in size from small to large. these data provide evidence for which requirement of natural selection? - correct answers - individual variation How might natural selection have resulted in the two-headed snake species commonly having a tail with behavior and color patterns that resemble a head? - correct answers snakes that exhibited these color and behavior patterns were able to avoid predators and reproduce better than those that did not. Two species of catfish live in the same river and behave and feed in relatively the same way. One species of catfish exhibits the walking behavior while the other does not. What can be said about the catfish that exhibits the walking behavior as opposed to the one that does not? - correct answers The walking catfish will be more likely to reproduce during dry years than the catfish that does not walk. Archaea: (vs. Bacteria) - correct answers - extreme environments - related to Eukarya - Ether-linked cell membranes - histones in DNA Bacteria: (vs. Archaea) - correct answers - form symbiotic relationships with eukaryotes - ester-linked cell membranes - no histones in DNA - some are photosynthetic Gram-Positive: (vs. Gram-Negative) - correct answers - acidic polysaccharides on surface - appears purple when stained - thick peptidoglycan layer - sensitive to penicillin Gram-Negative: (vs. Gram-Positive) - correct answers - outer lipopolysaccharide layer - appears pink when stained - thin peptidoglycan layer - resists penicillin Organisms called _______________ use light as an energy source but cannot synthesize their own organic compounds. - correct answers photoheterotrophs A prokaryotic metabolism that uses inorganic compounds as an energy source to synthesize organic molecules is found in ___________________. - correct answers chemoautotrophs Organisms called ________________ use light energy and CO2 as a carbon source. - correct answers photoautotrophs A prokaryotic metabolism that uses organic compounds for energy and as a carbon source is found in ________________. - correct answers chemoheterotrophs Milk producers use bacteria to produce ____________ for curdling milk. - correct answers lactic acid Bacteria are used by the pharmaceutical industries to produce ____________. - correct answers antibiotics