BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS 100 PERCENT CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS

BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS EXAM
STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
100 PERCENT CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS

●● cytoplasm
Answer: aqueous mixture of macromolecules, small organics, ions, and
ribosomes inside the cell


●● ribosomes
Answer: protein-synthesizing structures


●● cell wall
Answer: organelle only present in some microbes; provides extra
protection and strength


●● prokaryotes
Answer: type of cell: some Bacteria and Archaea, have no membrane-
enclosed organelles; no nucleus


●● organelles
Answer: membrane-enclosed structures within a cell

, ●● eukaryotes
Answer: type of cell: some plants, animals, algae, protozoa, fungi;
contains organelles; has DNA-enclosed in a membrane-bound nucleus


●● differentiation
Answer: when microbes modify internal structures to form specialized
cells


●● intercellular communication
Answer: when microbes respond to other microbes


●● three domains (distinct lineages of microbial cells
Answer: -Bacteria (prok)
-Archaea (prok)
-Eukarya (euk)


●● LUCA
Answer: last universal common ancestor


●● extremophiles
Answer: organisms that live in habitats too harsh for other life forms (ex.
hot springs, glaciers, high salt, acidity, alkalinity, pressure)