CARDIOLOGY FISDAP 574 FINAL PAPER 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Stimulation of Beta 1 receptors result in an increase of what?
Answer: Heart: Inotropy, Chronotropy, Dromotropy
Kidneys: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System = Vasoconstriction
= Increase blood pressure
◉ Which node is located at the junction of the superior vena cava
and the right atrium, is typically supplied by the Right Coronary
artery, and fires at a rate of 60-100 bpm. Answer: SA Node
◉ Atrial depolarization characterized by smooth, round, upright
deflection less than 0.11 secs long and less than 2.5mm tall is
referred to as what on the ECG? Answer: P wave
◉ Carvedilol (Coreg)
Metropolol (Lopressor)
Atenolol (Tenormin)
Propranolol (Inderal)
Bisoprolol (Zebeta)
,Acebutolol (Sectral)
Comolol (Brevibloc) Answer: Beta Blockers - used for blood
pressure and cardiac problems
◉ Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Vasopressin
Dopamine
Phenylephrine
Dobutamine Answer: Vasopressors
◉ The middle of phase 3 to beginning of phase 4 in the cardiac cycle
where cardiac cells are partially refractory and partially repolarized
and certain cells can be depolarized in response to electrical
stimulus. Answer: Relative Refractory Period
(Partial flush of the toilet)
◉ Starlings Law Answer: When end diastolic volume increases,
stroke volume increases as well.
(When more blood is in the ventricles, the cardiac muscle stretches
like rubber band and creates more forceful contraction)
, ◉ Intrinsic Rate for Ventricles (Purkinje Fibers) Answer: 20-40
◉ Intrinsic Rate for AV Junction Answer: 40-60
◉ Treatment for Beta Blocker Overdose Answer: Glucagon: 1-5mg
IV/IO (1st Line Drug)
Calcium Chloride: 500mg - 1g IV/IO
◉ Why do we give Nitro for chest pain?
Class
MOA
Indications Answer: Nitrate Vasodilator and Antianginal
Relaxes vascular smooth muscle = vasodilation and venous pooling
which Reduces Preload/Afterload and Dilates Coronary Arteries
which increases myocardial perfusion.
Cardiac Chest Pain
Acute Pulmonary Edema
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Stimulation of Beta 1 receptors result in an increase of what?
Answer: Heart: Inotropy, Chronotropy, Dromotropy
Kidneys: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System = Vasoconstriction
= Increase blood pressure
◉ Which node is located at the junction of the superior vena cava
and the right atrium, is typically supplied by the Right Coronary
artery, and fires at a rate of 60-100 bpm. Answer: SA Node
◉ Atrial depolarization characterized by smooth, round, upright
deflection less than 0.11 secs long and less than 2.5mm tall is
referred to as what on the ECG? Answer: P wave
◉ Carvedilol (Coreg)
Metropolol (Lopressor)
Atenolol (Tenormin)
Propranolol (Inderal)
Bisoprolol (Zebeta)
,Acebutolol (Sectral)
Comolol (Brevibloc) Answer: Beta Blockers - used for blood
pressure and cardiac problems
◉ Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Vasopressin
Dopamine
Phenylephrine
Dobutamine Answer: Vasopressors
◉ The middle of phase 3 to beginning of phase 4 in the cardiac cycle
where cardiac cells are partially refractory and partially repolarized
and certain cells can be depolarized in response to electrical
stimulus. Answer: Relative Refractory Period
(Partial flush of the toilet)
◉ Starlings Law Answer: When end diastolic volume increases,
stroke volume increases as well.
(When more blood is in the ventricles, the cardiac muscle stretches
like rubber band and creates more forceful contraction)
, ◉ Intrinsic Rate for Ventricles (Purkinje Fibers) Answer: 20-40
◉ Intrinsic Rate for AV Junction Answer: 40-60
◉ Treatment for Beta Blocker Overdose Answer: Glucagon: 1-5mg
IV/IO (1st Line Drug)
Calcium Chloride: 500mg - 1g IV/IO
◉ Why do we give Nitro for chest pain?
Class
MOA
Indications Answer: Nitrate Vasodilator and Antianginal
Relaxes vascular smooth muscle = vasodilation and venous pooling
which Reduces Preload/Afterload and Dilates Coronary Arteries
which increases myocardial perfusion.
Cardiac Chest Pain
Acute Pulmonary Edema
