M100 COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE
2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ Hierarchy of documents.
Answer: Documents fall into hierarchy of authority. The higher a
document's place in the hierarchy, the greater it's legal weight in a court of
law. Whenever there is a conflict, the higher document will prevail
◍ Real estate laws.
Answer: (1) FDCPA, (2) FHA, (3) FCC, (4), SSCRA, U.S. Bankruptcy
Code
◍ FDCPA.
Answer: The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act Protects debtors from
unscrupulous debt collectors
◍ FHA.
Answer: The Fair Housing Act prohibits discrimination in the sale, rental,
financing, ensuring and other housing related services of drawings based on
race, color, religion, national origin, gender, disability or familial status
◍ FCC.
Answer: The Federal Communications Commission regulates what
restrictions associations can and can't place on video antennas, satellite
dishes, etc.
◍ SSCRA.
Answer: The Soldiers and Sailors Civil Relief Act requires the delay of all
civil court actions, such as bankruptcy and foreclosure's, until the service
member returns from active duty
,◍ US Bankruptcy Code.
Answer: Regulates how individuals and businesses can file for bankruptcy
◍ State Statutes.
Answer: (1) General, (2) specific, (3) uniform
◍ General state statutes.
Answer: Apply to all organizations, including community associations
◍ Specific state statutes.
Answer: Apply only to one or more types of community associations
◍ Uniform state statutes.
Answer: Were created to standardize laws in various states that affect
community associations
◍ Governing documents.
Answer: There are a number of important documents that provide legal
structure and operation of the community
◍ Recorded map, Plat, or plan.
Answer: Shows the precise locations of each lot or unit, as well as the
common areas
◍ Lien.
Answer: A legal claim by one party (community association) on the property
of another (delinquent owner) to obtain the payment of a debt or the
satisfaction of an obligation
◍ What are rules?.
Answer: Also called regulation or resolution, is a specific statement of
required behavior or action, a violation of which carries a penalty
◍ Architectural guideline.
Answer: A rule that applies to the appearance of an owners lot or the
exterior of his or her unit or improvements
◍ A resolution contains four sections (PASS).
Answer: (1) Purpose, (2) Authority, (3) Scope and Intent, (4) Specifications
,◍ Policy resolutions.
Answer: Affect owners rights and obligations and usually address
ambiguities and an omissions in the declaration
◍ Administrative resolutions.
Answer: Affect internal operations of the community association and usually
address ambiguities and omissions in the bylaws
◍ Special resolutions.
Answer: State board decisions that apply a policy or rule to an individual
situation
◍ General resolutions.
Answer: Involve routine events such as approving the meeting minutes
◍ Sources of authority.
Answer: State statutes and court decisions, governing documents, Board of
Directors, owners (limited)
◍ Purpose (resolution).
Answer: States why a rule is being adopted
◍ Authority (Resolution).
Answer: Cites the primary source(s) of a boards authority to make a rule on
the topic. Possible sources include statutes, declaration, articles of
incorporation, and bylaws
◍ Scope and intent (resolution).
Answer: States: (1) Who will be affected, (2) for what period of time, (3) the
reach or range and extent of the rule, (4) penalties for noncompliance
◍ Specifications (resolutions).
Answer: States clearly and completely what those bound by the rule will be
expected to do
◍ Mandatory line items.
Answer: Items based on community and owner needs and requirements that
the community is obligated to me
, ◍ Discretionary line items.
Answer: Items based on owner, board, and committee desires. They are
items people would like to have. They can also be voted out of the budget
◍ Purposes of the community association.
Answer: The primary purpose of a community association is to provide for
the community, business, and governance aspects of the association
◍ Steps for developing rules.
Answer: (1) Need, (2) impact, (3) Authority, (4) Scope, (5) Validity, (6)
Notice, (7) Action, (8) Notice, (9) Revision, (10) Record
◍ General hierarchy of governing documents for community association.
Answer: 1: Federal, 2: State, 3: Local, 4: Governing Docs ... 1st: Recorded
map, plat or plan, 2nd: Declaration, CC&Rs, proprietary lease for
occupancy agreement, 3rd: articles of incorporation, 4th: Bylaws, 5th: Board
resolutions
◍ Due process procedure.
Answer: A formal process designed to protect the rights of all parties
involved. There are several benefits to using a due process procedure to
enforce community association rules
◍ Alternative dispute resolution (ADR).
Answer: Includes arbitration and mediation. Is a means of encouraging
people to comply with the rules and guidelines by using a trained,
uninvolved third-party for assistance. The decision may be binding or
non-binding.
◍ Due process procedure.
Answer: A formal process to protect the rights of all parties
◍ Arbitration.
Answer: A process in which a third-party renders a decision as to the
respective liabilities of all parties
◍ Mediation.
2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ Hierarchy of documents.
Answer: Documents fall into hierarchy of authority. The higher a
document's place in the hierarchy, the greater it's legal weight in a court of
law. Whenever there is a conflict, the higher document will prevail
◍ Real estate laws.
Answer: (1) FDCPA, (2) FHA, (3) FCC, (4), SSCRA, U.S. Bankruptcy
Code
◍ FDCPA.
Answer: The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act Protects debtors from
unscrupulous debt collectors
◍ FHA.
Answer: The Fair Housing Act prohibits discrimination in the sale, rental,
financing, ensuring and other housing related services of drawings based on
race, color, religion, national origin, gender, disability or familial status
◍ FCC.
Answer: The Federal Communications Commission regulates what
restrictions associations can and can't place on video antennas, satellite
dishes, etc.
◍ SSCRA.
Answer: The Soldiers and Sailors Civil Relief Act requires the delay of all
civil court actions, such as bankruptcy and foreclosure's, until the service
member returns from active duty
,◍ US Bankruptcy Code.
Answer: Regulates how individuals and businesses can file for bankruptcy
◍ State Statutes.
Answer: (1) General, (2) specific, (3) uniform
◍ General state statutes.
Answer: Apply to all organizations, including community associations
◍ Specific state statutes.
Answer: Apply only to one or more types of community associations
◍ Uniform state statutes.
Answer: Were created to standardize laws in various states that affect
community associations
◍ Governing documents.
Answer: There are a number of important documents that provide legal
structure and operation of the community
◍ Recorded map, Plat, or plan.
Answer: Shows the precise locations of each lot or unit, as well as the
common areas
◍ Lien.
Answer: A legal claim by one party (community association) on the property
of another (delinquent owner) to obtain the payment of a debt or the
satisfaction of an obligation
◍ What are rules?.
Answer: Also called regulation or resolution, is a specific statement of
required behavior or action, a violation of which carries a penalty
◍ Architectural guideline.
Answer: A rule that applies to the appearance of an owners lot or the
exterior of his or her unit or improvements
◍ A resolution contains four sections (PASS).
Answer: (1) Purpose, (2) Authority, (3) Scope and Intent, (4) Specifications
,◍ Policy resolutions.
Answer: Affect owners rights and obligations and usually address
ambiguities and an omissions in the declaration
◍ Administrative resolutions.
Answer: Affect internal operations of the community association and usually
address ambiguities and omissions in the bylaws
◍ Special resolutions.
Answer: State board decisions that apply a policy or rule to an individual
situation
◍ General resolutions.
Answer: Involve routine events such as approving the meeting minutes
◍ Sources of authority.
Answer: State statutes and court decisions, governing documents, Board of
Directors, owners (limited)
◍ Purpose (resolution).
Answer: States why a rule is being adopted
◍ Authority (Resolution).
Answer: Cites the primary source(s) of a boards authority to make a rule on
the topic. Possible sources include statutes, declaration, articles of
incorporation, and bylaws
◍ Scope and intent (resolution).
Answer: States: (1) Who will be affected, (2) for what period of time, (3) the
reach or range and extent of the rule, (4) penalties for noncompliance
◍ Specifications (resolutions).
Answer: States clearly and completely what those bound by the rule will be
expected to do
◍ Mandatory line items.
Answer: Items based on community and owner needs and requirements that
the community is obligated to me
, ◍ Discretionary line items.
Answer: Items based on owner, board, and committee desires. They are
items people would like to have. They can also be voted out of the budget
◍ Purposes of the community association.
Answer: The primary purpose of a community association is to provide for
the community, business, and governance aspects of the association
◍ Steps for developing rules.
Answer: (1) Need, (2) impact, (3) Authority, (4) Scope, (5) Validity, (6)
Notice, (7) Action, (8) Notice, (9) Revision, (10) Record
◍ General hierarchy of governing documents for community association.
Answer: 1: Federal, 2: State, 3: Local, 4: Governing Docs ... 1st: Recorded
map, plat or plan, 2nd: Declaration, CC&Rs, proprietary lease for
occupancy agreement, 3rd: articles of incorporation, 4th: Bylaws, 5th: Board
resolutions
◍ Due process procedure.
Answer: A formal process designed to protect the rights of all parties
involved. There are several benefits to using a due process procedure to
enforce community association rules
◍ Alternative dispute resolution (ADR).
Answer: Includes arbitration and mediation. Is a means of encouraging
people to comply with the rules and guidelines by using a trained,
uninvolved third-party for assistance. The decision may be binding or
non-binding.
◍ Due process procedure.
Answer: A formal process to protect the rights of all parties
◍ Arbitration.
Answer: A process in which a third-party renders a decision as to the
respective liabilities of all parties
◍ Mediation.
