CCA CERTIFICATION EVALUATION
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
STUDY GUIDE
▶ You are at an "all you can eat'' buffet. On the first pass through the line,
you fill your plate with a large quantity of foods. After eating it, you go back
for a second portion of the foods you liked. However, the food is less
appealing the second time around, and you place a smaller quantity on
your plate because you feel full. Considering the physiology as you eat, (1)
explain what hormones are released (list specifically) as the stomach
stretches. (2) List the area of the brain that provides neural regulation and
appetite suppression to inhibit eating. Answer: As the stomach is filled and
stretches, hormones are released that cause satiety (Leptin, serotonin,
cholecystokinin (CCK). These hormones can travel to the brain
(hypothalamus) and activate the satiety center.
1. The hormones being released as the stomach stretches is leptin,
seratonin, and CCK. These hormones decrease hunger, in specific leptin.
They acitvate the satiety center in the brain which creates a sense of
fullness.
2. The area of the brain that provides nerual regulation and appetite
suppression to inhibit eating is the satiety center.
▶ A _________ is a substance that can promote growth and development,
maintain tissues and cells, fuel the body for physical and metabolic work, or
regulate a body process. Answer: nutrient
▶ Macronutrient Answer: needed in large amounts in the body
▶ Micronutrients Answer: needed in small amounts
▶ organic Answer: A compound that contains carbon and hydrogen
▶ inorganic Answer: any substance that does not contain carbon
▶ True or False. If false, explain why it is false.
,A mineral is an organic micronutrient that regulates body processes and
provides structure. Answer: FALSE: A mineral is an inorganic micronutrient
that regulates body processes and provides structure.
▶ Which of the following is an inorganic macronutrient?
Water
Vitamins
Carbohydrates
Minerals
Proteins Answer: water
▶ List (A) the building blocks (or monomers) of PROTEINS, (B) at least 2
of their functions, and (C) at least 2 common sources of the nutrient in the
diet. Answer: A. Amino acids
B. Energy source, structure and regulation
C. Meats, dairy products, legumes, vegetables, and grains
▶ Vitamins contain both ____ and ____ forms. Answer: fat soluble; water
soluble
▶ Micro-minerals are referred to as _______ minerals. Answer: Trace
▶ Tom is on a diet restricting his consumption of starches and sugars.
Which macromolecule would he be limiting? Answer: Carbohydrate
▶ Which of the 6 nutrient classes are NOT sources of energy? (Select all
that apply):
Lipids
Vitamins
Minerals
Protein
Water
Carbohydrate Answer: Vitamins
minerals
water
▶ Explain how a calorie (the general term), a Calorie (the dietary term) and
a kilocalorie are related. Answer: A calorie is the amount of heat needed to
, raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius. Food
calories (Calories) is expressed in terms of kilocalories.
Or
Calorie = 1 kilocalorie = 1,000 calories
▶ You bring your teenage nephew to lunch at the mall food court. He
decides to get a soda and bag of chips. You suggest he also try a
vegetable and rice bowl as a more nutrient dense option. How would you
explain the difference between nutrient dense and empty calorie foods to
him? Answer: Nutrient-dense foods are those with a high amount of
vitamins and minerals, along with the macronutrients that can be used as
fuel. Empty calorie foods are high in calories but contain little vitamins or
minerals, so they have lower nutrient value.
▶ Compare and contrast (i.e. explain the similarities and differences)
between undernutrition and overnutrition. Include the terms' definitions and
how they influence health outcomes. Answer: Both over- and undernutrition
have negative health consequences with an imbalance of the consumption
(or lack of) nutrients. They are both forms of malnutrition.
Overnutrition is the consumption of excess calories and fats
(cholesterol/saturated), which increases the risk of chronic disease and
obesity, and can lead to toxicity.
Undernutrition is the opposite, when nutrient intake does not meet the
nutrient needs of the body. This can lead to slowed metabolic processes
and deficiencies.
▶ Which of the ABCDE's of nutritional assessment has to do with
measurements of body composition (weight, height, skin fold
measurements, and body circumference)? Answer: Anthropometric
▶ The health messages conveyed by the MyPlate illustrates the concepts
of: Answer: balance, moderation, variation
▶ balance Answer: calorie and portion size
▶ moderation Answer: increase consumption of some groups and limit the
consumption of others
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
STUDY GUIDE
▶ You are at an "all you can eat'' buffet. On the first pass through the line,
you fill your plate with a large quantity of foods. After eating it, you go back
for a second portion of the foods you liked. However, the food is less
appealing the second time around, and you place a smaller quantity on
your plate because you feel full. Considering the physiology as you eat, (1)
explain what hormones are released (list specifically) as the stomach
stretches. (2) List the area of the brain that provides neural regulation and
appetite suppression to inhibit eating. Answer: As the stomach is filled and
stretches, hormones are released that cause satiety (Leptin, serotonin,
cholecystokinin (CCK). These hormones can travel to the brain
(hypothalamus) and activate the satiety center.
1. The hormones being released as the stomach stretches is leptin,
seratonin, and CCK. These hormones decrease hunger, in specific leptin.
They acitvate the satiety center in the brain which creates a sense of
fullness.
2. The area of the brain that provides nerual regulation and appetite
suppression to inhibit eating is the satiety center.
▶ A _________ is a substance that can promote growth and development,
maintain tissues and cells, fuel the body for physical and metabolic work, or
regulate a body process. Answer: nutrient
▶ Macronutrient Answer: needed in large amounts in the body
▶ Micronutrients Answer: needed in small amounts
▶ organic Answer: A compound that contains carbon and hydrogen
▶ inorganic Answer: any substance that does not contain carbon
▶ True or False. If false, explain why it is false.
,A mineral is an organic micronutrient that regulates body processes and
provides structure. Answer: FALSE: A mineral is an inorganic micronutrient
that regulates body processes and provides structure.
▶ Which of the following is an inorganic macronutrient?
Water
Vitamins
Carbohydrates
Minerals
Proteins Answer: water
▶ List (A) the building blocks (or monomers) of PROTEINS, (B) at least 2
of their functions, and (C) at least 2 common sources of the nutrient in the
diet. Answer: A. Amino acids
B. Energy source, structure and regulation
C. Meats, dairy products, legumes, vegetables, and grains
▶ Vitamins contain both ____ and ____ forms. Answer: fat soluble; water
soluble
▶ Micro-minerals are referred to as _______ minerals. Answer: Trace
▶ Tom is on a diet restricting his consumption of starches and sugars.
Which macromolecule would he be limiting? Answer: Carbohydrate
▶ Which of the 6 nutrient classes are NOT sources of energy? (Select all
that apply):
Lipids
Vitamins
Minerals
Protein
Water
Carbohydrate Answer: Vitamins
minerals
water
▶ Explain how a calorie (the general term), a Calorie (the dietary term) and
a kilocalorie are related. Answer: A calorie is the amount of heat needed to
, raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius. Food
calories (Calories) is expressed in terms of kilocalories.
Or
Calorie = 1 kilocalorie = 1,000 calories
▶ You bring your teenage nephew to lunch at the mall food court. He
decides to get a soda and bag of chips. You suggest he also try a
vegetable and rice bowl as a more nutrient dense option. How would you
explain the difference between nutrient dense and empty calorie foods to
him? Answer: Nutrient-dense foods are those with a high amount of
vitamins and minerals, along with the macronutrients that can be used as
fuel. Empty calorie foods are high in calories but contain little vitamins or
minerals, so they have lower nutrient value.
▶ Compare and contrast (i.e. explain the similarities and differences)
between undernutrition and overnutrition. Include the terms' definitions and
how they influence health outcomes. Answer: Both over- and undernutrition
have negative health consequences with an imbalance of the consumption
(or lack of) nutrients. They are both forms of malnutrition.
Overnutrition is the consumption of excess calories and fats
(cholesterol/saturated), which increases the risk of chronic disease and
obesity, and can lead to toxicity.
Undernutrition is the opposite, when nutrient intake does not meet the
nutrient needs of the body. This can lead to slowed metabolic processes
and deficiencies.
▶ Which of the ABCDE's of nutritional assessment has to do with
measurements of body composition (weight, height, skin fold
measurements, and body circumference)? Answer: Anthropometric
▶ The health messages conveyed by the MyPlate illustrates the concepts
of: Answer: balance, moderation, variation
▶ balance Answer: calorie and portion size
▶ moderation Answer: increase consumption of some groups and limit the
consumption of others
