FINAL EXAM NR566 ACTUAL EXAM
◉ What is the primary goal of antibiotic therapy. Answer: kill
bacteria without harming host tissue
◉ Bactericidal antibiotics. Answer: directly kill bacteria
◉ bacteriostatic antibiotics. Answer: Antibiotics that do not actually
kill bacteria but rather inhibit bacterial proliferation while the hosts
immune system does the killing
◉ which antibiotics are preferred for immunocompromised
patients: bactericidal or bacteriostatic. Answer: bactericidal
◉ which antibiotics are preferred for patients with an overwhelming
infection: bactericidal or bacteriostatic. Answer: bactericidal
◉ broad spectrum antibiotics. Answer: affect a broad range of gram-
positive or gram-negative bacteria
◉ narrow spectrum antibiotics. Answer: Effective against specific
bacteria
,◉ which is used for empiric therapy: narrow or broad. Answer:
broad spectrum
◉ Risks of Broad Spectrum. Answer: disruption of normal floral
increases risk of development of antibiotic resistance
◉ which antibiotics increase the risk of antibiotic resistance: narrow
or broad spectrum and why. Answer: Broad spectrum because they
kill more competing organisms than narrow spectrum drugs
◉ is narrow or broad spectrum antibiotics preferred. Answer:
narrow is preferred when possible.
broad spectrum only used when pathogen is unknown or when
multiple types of bacteria is suspected
◉ Bactericidal drugs. Answer: Aminoglycosides
Beta-lactams
fluoroquinolones
Metronidazole
Vancomycin
streptogramins
, most antimycobacterial agents (rifampin, isoniazid, streptomycin,
etc)
◉ bacteriostatic drugs. Answer: clindamycin
macrolides
sulfonamides
tetracyclines
◉ When is empiric therapy used?. Answer: when treatment is
started without cultures or when culture results are not back yet
◉ who needs empiric therapy. Answer: critically ill pts after first set
of cxs
hospitalized pts until css are available
ambulatory pts based on clinical presentation
◉ Penicillins MOA. Answer: inhibit cell wall synthesis; bactericidal
◉ penicillins primarily excreted how. Answer: in urine
◉ what needs to be monitored when giving penicillins. Answer:
renal function
◉ What is the primary goal of antibiotic therapy. Answer: kill
bacteria without harming host tissue
◉ Bactericidal antibiotics. Answer: directly kill bacteria
◉ bacteriostatic antibiotics. Answer: Antibiotics that do not actually
kill bacteria but rather inhibit bacterial proliferation while the hosts
immune system does the killing
◉ which antibiotics are preferred for immunocompromised
patients: bactericidal or bacteriostatic. Answer: bactericidal
◉ which antibiotics are preferred for patients with an overwhelming
infection: bactericidal or bacteriostatic. Answer: bactericidal
◉ broad spectrum antibiotics. Answer: affect a broad range of gram-
positive or gram-negative bacteria
◉ narrow spectrum antibiotics. Answer: Effective against specific
bacteria
,◉ which is used for empiric therapy: narrow or broad. Answer:
broad spectrum
◉ Risks of Broad Spectrum. Answer: disruption of normal floral
increases risk of development of antibiotic resistance
◉ which antibiotics increase the risk of antibiotic resistance: narrow
or broad spectrum and why. Answer: Broad spectrum because they
kill more competing organisms than narrow spectrum drugs
◉ is narrow or broad spectrum antibiotics preferred. Answer:
narrow is preferred when possible.
broad spectrum only used when pathogen is unknown or when
multiple types of bacteria is suspected
◉ Bactericidal drugs. Answer: Aminoglycosides
Beta-lactams
fluoroquinolones
Metronidazole
Vancomycin
streptogramins
, most antimycobacterial agents (rifampin, isoniazid, streptomycin,
etc)
◉ bacteriostatic drugs. Answer: clindamycin
macrolides
sulfonamides
tetracyclines
◉ When is empiric therapy used?. Answer: when treatment is
started without cultures or when culture results are not back yet
◉ who needs empiric therapy. Answer: critically ill pts after first set
of cxs
hospitalized pts until css are available
ambulatory pts based on clinical presentation
◉ Penicillins MOA. Answer: inhibit cell wall synthesis; bactericidal
◉ penicillins primarily excreted how. Answer: in urine
◉ what needs to be monitored when giving penicillins. Answer:
renal function
