Bio 1500- Final Exam (Schulz) Mizzou
Test Questions and Actual Answers
2025-2026 Updated.
What are the major functions of a protein? - Answer Structural molecule to help define cell
shape, transporting molecules within cells, acting as an enzyme to speed up chemical reactions,
and acting as a signal between cells
What are the major functions of a carbohydrate? - Answer Energy storage molecule, acting
as signal between cells, acting as a structural molecule to help define cell shape, and acting as a
component of a cell membrane
What are the major functions of lipids? - Answer Acting as signals between cells, acting as an
energy storage molecule, excludes large or highly charged molecules from entering or exiting
cells, component of cell membrane (phospholipid bi-layer)
What is the major function of a nucleic acid? - Answer Information storage molecule
Which of the following is not a polymer made up of individual monomers?
A) Carbs
B) Proteins
C) Fatty Acids
D) Nucleic Acids - Answer C
Which of these statements is true?
A) Almost all organisms have a phospholipid bilayer that makes up a major component of their
cell membrane
B) Almost all organisms use the same 4 nucleotides to encode their genetic information
C) Almost all organisms use the same 20 amino acids to create proteins
D) Almost all organisms use carbs as an energy source
E) All of the above - Answer E
Peptide Bond - Answer forms between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino
group of another amino acid
What type of interaction stabilizes the a-helix and the B-pleated sheet of proteins? - Answer
Hydrogen bonds
, What type of interaction is directly responsible for the formation of secondary structure? -
Answer Hydrogen bonds between sections of the polypeptide backbone
The tertiary structure of a protein is - Answer unique 3 dimensional shape of the fully folded
polypeptide
All covalent bonds in a protein are disrupted, what level of structure is preserved? - Answer
No protein structure
Sodium channels are proteins that control the passage of sodium ions across the cell
membrane. The protein forms a pore, or opening, in the membrane. You isolate what you think
are two different molecules of sodium channel, and determine that one of the proteins has a
smaller pore diameter than the second therefore allows fewer sodium ions to cross the
membrane than the other. which of the following do you conclude?
A) These two sodium channels likely have different primary structures
B) These two sodium channels likely have different secondary structures
C) These two sodium channels likely have different tertiary structures
D) All of the above - Answer D
Nucleic Acids are made up of what - Answer Nucleotides
The bonding of two nucleotides to form a larger molecule requires the - Answer release of a
water molecule
Which of the following describes DNA's secondary structure - Answer Double antiparallel
helical strands
Helicase is an enzyme that is able to break the hydrogen bonds in DNA molecules. What would
happen to DNA molecules treated with helicase? - Answer The two strands of the double
helix would separate
One of the primary functions of RNA molecules is to - Answer Function in the synthesis of
proteins
A glycosidic linkage is analogous to which of the following in nucleic acids - Answer
Phosphodiester bond
Monosaccaride vs polysaccharide - Answer Glucose vs cellulose
Test Questions and Actual Answers
2025-2026 Updated.
What are the major functions of a protein? - Answer Structural molecule to help define cell
shape, transporting molecules within cells, acting as an enzyme to speed up chemical reactions,
and acting as a signal between cells
What are the major functions of a carbohydrate? - Answer Energy storage molecule, acting
as signal between cells, acting as a structural molecule to help define cell shape, and acting as a
component of a cell membrane
What are the major functions of lipids? - Answer Acting as signals between cells, acting as an
energy storage molecule, excludes large or highly charged molecules from entering or exiting
cells, component of cell membrane (phospholipid bi-layer)
What is the major function of a nucleic acid? - Answer Information storage molecule
Which of the following is not a polymer made up of individual monomers?
A) Carbs
B) Proteins
C) Fatty Acids
D) Nucleic Acids - Answer C
Which of these statements is true?
A) Almost all organisms have a phospholipid bilayer that makes up a major component of their
cell membrane
B) Almost all organisms use the same 4 nucleotides to encode their genetic information
C) Almost all organisms use the same 20 amino acids to create proteins
D) Almost all organisms use carbs as an energy source
E) All of the above - Answer E
Peptide Bond - Answer forms between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino
group of another amino acid
What type of interaction stabilizes the a-helix and the B-pleated sheet of proteins? - Answer
Hydrogen bonds
, What type of interaction is directly responsible for the formation of secondary structure? -
Answer Hydrogen bonds between sections of the polypeptide backbone
The tertiary structure of a protein is - Answer unique 3 dimensional shape of the fully folded
polypeptide
All covalent bonds in a protein are disrupted, what level of structure is preserved? - Answer
No protein structure
Sodium channels are proteins that control the passage of sodium ions across the cell
membrane. The protein forms a pore, or opening, in the membrane. You isolate what you think
are two different molecules of sodium channel, and determine that one of the proteins has a
smaller pore diameter than the second therefore allows fewer sodium ions to cross the
membrane than the other. which of the following do you conclude?
A) These two sodium channels likely have different primary structures
B) These two sodium channels likely have different secondary structures
C) These two sodium channels likely have different tertiary structures
D) All of the above - Answer D
Nucleic Acids are made up of what - Answer Nucleotides
The bonding of two nucleotides to form a larger molecule requires the - Answer release of a
water molecule
Which of the following describes DNA's secondary structure - Answer Double antiparallel
helical strands
Helicase is an enzyme that is able to break the hydrogen bonds in DNA molecules. What would
happen to DNA molecules treated with helicase? - Answer The two strands of the double
helix would separate
One of the primary functions of RNA molecules is to - Answer Function in the synthesis of
proteins
A glycosidic linkage is analogous to which of the following in nucleic acids - Answer
Phosphodiester bond
Monosaccaride vs polysaccharide - Answer Glucose vs cellulose
