FSHN 350 Final Exam – Lipid Nutrition – Comprehensive Review Notes and
Practice Material
Energy imbalance: - ANS ✔✔An excess of energy intake relative to energy expenditure will lead
to energy storage, where as a deficit of energy intake relative to expenditure will lead to loss of
body energy stores
NEAT: - ANS ✔✔energy expenditure resulting from physical activity/movement that is not
considered exercise
PAEE- physical activity energy expenditure - ANS ✔✔Exercise and NEAT
Thermic effect of food - ANS ✔✔The increase in energy expenditure above RMR in response to
the ingestion of food. Accounts for 5-10% of calories ingested.
Basal or resting metabolic rate - ANS ✔✔Energy expenditure by an individual for cellular
processes necessary to maintain life without activity 65-75%
Total daily energy expenditure: - ANS ✔✔Made up of TEF and basal metabolic rate
Experiment #1 - ANS ✔✔- DB mouse to wild type
-Normal mouse starved because DB mouse was secreting so much leptin, because it's deficient
in leptin receptors, that it causes the wild type mouse to starve
Experiment #2 - ANS ✔✔- DB mouse to OB mouse
-Ob mouse starves to death, because Ob mouse was leptin deficient
Experiment #3 - ANS ✔✔-Ob mouse to wild type
, -Ob mouse saw decreased food intake, blood sugar and insulemia and the wild type mouse saw
no change
Levels of leptin in obese: - ANS ✔✔Obese individuals have higher levels of leptin, due to
development of leptin resistance
What was the impact of the discovery of leptin? - ANS ✔✔1. Changed prevail about obesity,
from being caused by a lack of will power to an imbalance of hormone signaling
2. Showed that adipose tissue is not just a useless and unwanted fat storage sight but rather an
endocrine organ
Orexogenic hormone - ANS ✔✔Ghrelin, causes people to eat
Satiety factor: - ANS ✔✔Leptin and PYY, signal brain to stop eating
PYY - ANS ✔✔Released in the GI tract in response to ingested nutrients
Ghrelin: - ANS ✔✔Appetite activating hormone found primarily in the stomach and duodenum,
increasing with fasting, central and peripheral administration increase food intake and body
weight
Leptin: - ANS ✔✔Positively correlated with adipose tissue mass and body weight, causes weight
loss if injected in some indivudals
How does leptin affect the brain? - ANS ✔✔It activates POMC and inhibits Neuropeptide Y
How does Ghrelin affect the brain? - ANS ✔✔Activates Neuropeptide Y
Practice Material
Energy imbalance: - ANS ✔✔An excess of energy intake relative to energy expenditure will lead
to energy storage, where as a deficit of energy intake relative to expenditure will lead to loss of
body energy stores
NEAT: - ANS ✔✔energy expenditure resulting from physical activity/movement that is not
considered exercise
PAEE- physical activity energy expenditure - ANS ✔✔Exercise and NEAT
Thermic effect of food - ANS ✔✔The increase in energy expenditure above RMR in response to
the ingestion of food. Accounts for 5-10% of calories ingested.
Basal or resting metabolic rate - ANS ✔✔Energy expenditure by an individual for cellular
processes necessary to maintain life without activity 65-75%
Total daily energy expenditure: - ANS ✔✔Made up of TEF and basal metabolic rate
Experiment #1 - ANS ✔✔- DB mouse to wild type
-Normal mouse starved because DB mouse was secreting so much leptin, because it's deficient
in leptin receptors, that it causes the wild type mouse to starve
Experiment #2 - ANS ✔✔- DB mouse to OB mouse
-Ob mouse starves to death, because Ob mouse was leptin deficient
Experiment #3 - ANS ✔✔-Ob mouse to wild type
, -Ob mouse saw decreased food intake, blood sugar and insulemia and the wild type mouse saw
no change
Levels of leptin in obese: - ANS ✔✔Obese individuals have higher levels of leptin, due to
development of leptin resistance
What was the impact of the discovery of leptin? - ANS ✔✔1. Changed prevail about obesity,
from being caused by a lack of will power to an imbalance of hormone signaling
2. Showed that adipose tissue is not just a useless and unwanted fat storage sight but rather an
endocrine organ
Orexogenic hormone - ANS ✔✔Ghrelin, causes people to eat
Satiety factor: - ANS ✔✔Leptin and PYY, signal brain to stop eating
PYY - ANS ✔✔Released in the GI tract in response to ingested nutrients
Ghrelin: - ANS ✔✔Appetite activating hormone found primarily in the stomach and duodenum,
increasing with fasting, central and peripheral administration increase food intake and body
weight
Leptin: - ANS ✔✔Positively correlated with adipose tissue mass and body weight, causes weight
loss if injected in some indivudals
How does leptin affect the brain? - ANS ✔✔It activates POMC and inhibits Neuropeptide Y
How does Ghrelin affect the brain? - ANS ✔✔Activates Neuropeptide Y
