FSHN Exam -3 – Food Science and Human Nutrition – Review Notes and Practice Material

FSHN Exam #3 – Food Science and Human Nutrition – Review Notes and Practice
Material


Which vitamins are fat soluble vitamins? - ANS ✔✔~ Vitamin A, D, E, K

~ Absorbed with dietary fat (lymph)

~ Often in fatty foods, not always

~ Can accumulate in adipose tissue



What are the 5 general functions of vitamins? - ANS ✔✔~ Energy metabolism: vitamins act as
coenzymes (help enzymes do their job) by activating enzymes and aiding in a chemical reaction
(cofactor)

~ Blood components: red blood cell formation

~ Blood clotting

~ Bone health

~ Antioxidants (help prevent damage to cells): protects DNA, cell membranes from free radicals



Which vitamins carry out energy metabolism? - ANS ✔✔~ Thiamin: pork, whole grains, enriched
grains

~ Riboflavin: dairy, enriched grains, green vegetables

~ Niacin: poultry, peanuts, fish, enriched grains

~ Pantothenic acid: Widespread: ready-to-eat cereal, sunflower seeds

~ Vitamin B-6: Animal protein foods, fortified foods

~ Vitamin B-12: Animal products only: seafood, meat, dairy

~ Folate: Grains, legumes, leafy vegetables

~ Biotin: peanut butter, eggs, cheese, cauliflower



What are the best food sources of vitamin A? - ANS ✔✔~ Can be formed from beta-carotene

,* Fruits and vegetables (beta-carotene)

~ Liver, fortified cereals, fortified milk



What are the best food sources of vitamin D? - ANS ✔✔Fatty fish (salmon, herring), fortified
milk, UV-B exposure



What are the best food sources of vitamin E? - ANS ✔✔Plant oils, salad dressing



What are the best food sources of vitamin K? - ANS ✔✔Green, leafy vegetables



What are the best food sources of niacin? - ANS ✔✔Poultry, peanuts, fish, enriched grains



What are the best food sources of thiamin? - ANS ✔✔Pork, whole grains, and enriched grains



What are the best food sources of riboflavin? - ANS ✔✔Dairy, enriched grains, green vegetables



What are the best food sources of folate? - ANS ✔✔Grains, legumes, leafy vegetables



What are the best food sources of vitamin B12? - ANS ✔✔Animal products only: seafood, meat,
dairy



What are the best food sources of vitamin B6? - ANS ✔✔Animal protein foods, fortified foods



What are the best food sources of vitamin C? - ANS ✔✔Fruits and vegetables



What are the deficiency symptoms of Vitamin A? - ANS ✔✔~ Night blindness

~ Irreversible blindness

, What are the deficiency symptoms of Vitamin D? - ANS ✔✔~ Rickets in children (when bones
start bowing in, not forming properly)

~ Osteomalacia in adults (rickets in adults)



What are the deficiency symptoms of Vitamin C? - ANS ✔✔Scurvy:

~ Pinpoint hemorrhages

~ Leads to severe hemorrhages

~ Bleeding gums

~ Sore joints

~ Easy bruising

~ Death



What are the deficiency symptoms of niacin? - ANS ✔✔Pellagra is characterized by

~ Dermatitis

~ Dementia

~ Diarrhea

~ Eventually death



What are the deficiency symptoms of folate? - ANS ✔✔* Deficiency during pregnancy affects
developing fetus causing neural tube defects, spina bifida

~ Normal spine: bones that make up the back surround the spinal cord on all sides.

~ Spinal bifida: back bones do not form a complete ring around the spinal cord

~ Anecepholy: failure of the neural tube leading to the brain to close resulting in absence of a
major part of the brain, skull, and scalp

Anemia