NURS 180 | Pharmacology | Week 13 Quiz: Respiratory, GI, and
Endocrine Systems 2026 |WCU
1. A patient is prescribed Albuterol and Beclomethasone inhalers for asthma
management. Which instruction should the nurse prioritize?
A. Use the Beclomethasone first to open the airways for the Albuterol.
B. Mix both medications in a nebulizer to ensure simultaneous delivery.
C. Use the Albuterol first, wait 5 minutes, then use the Beclomethasone.
D. Only use the Albuterol if the Beclomethasone does not relieve symptoms.
Answer: C
Rationale: Albuterol is a bronchodilator (SABA) and should be used first to dilate the
bronchioles, allowing better penetration of the corticosteroid (Beclomethasone) into the
lungs.
2. Which laboratory value is most critical to monitor for a patient receiving long-
term Theophylline therapy?
A. Serum potassium levels
B. Therapeutic drug levels (10-20 mcg/mL)
C. Prothrombin time (PT)
D. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
Answer: B
Rationale: Theophylline has a narrow therapeutic index (typically 5-15 or 10-20 mcg/mL).
Toxicity can lead to severe dysrhythmias and seizures.
,3. A patient is taking Montelukast for prophylaxis of asthma. When should the
nurse advise the patient to take this medication?
A. Immediately at the onset of an acute asthma attack
B. Thirty minutes before every meal
C. Once daily in the evening
D. Only when the patient anticipates exposure to allergens
Answer: C
Rationale: Montelukast (a leukotriene modifier) is taken once daily in the evening for
asthma or at least 2 hours before exercise for EIB. It is not a rescue inhaler.
4. What is the primary side effect of first-generation antihistamines, such as
Diphenhydramine, that is less common in second-generation antihistamines?
A. Sedation
B. Hypertension
C. Gastrointestinal bleeding
D. Increased appetite
Answer: A
Rationale: First-generation antihistamines cross the blood-brain barrier, causing
significant sedation and anticholinergic effects, unlike second-generation agents like
Loratadine.
5. A patient diagnosed with GERD is prescribed Omeprazole. The nurse should
instruct the patient to take this medication:
A. 30 to 60 minutes before the first meal of the day
B. Immediately after dinner to prevent nocturnal reflux
C. With an antacid to increase absorption
D. Only when symptomatic heartburn occurs
Answer: A
, Rationale: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) like Omeprazole should be taken on an empty
stomach, 30-60 minutes before a meal, for maximum acid suppression.
6. Which mechanism of action describes how Sucralfate treats peptic ulcer
disease?
A. Neutralizes gastric acid through a chemical reaction
B. Forms a viscous, protective barrier over the ulcer crater
C. Blocks H2 receptors on parietal cells
D. Inhibits the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme system
Answer: B
Rationale: Sucralfate is a mucosal protectant that creates a physical barrier against acid
and pepsin, facilitating ulcer healing.
7. What is a significant adverse effect of long-term use of Magnesium-based
antacids?
A. Constipation
B. Diarrhea
C. Kidney stones
D. Dry mouth
Answer: B
Rationale: Magnesium compounds commonly cause diarrhea, whereas aluminum-based
antacids are associated with constipation.
8. The nurse is preparing to administer Metoclopramide. Which symptom
should the nurse immediately report to the provider?
A. Dry mouth and sedation
B. Involuntary movements of the face and tongue
C. Excessive flatulence
D. Mild nausea
Answer: B
Endocrine Systems 2026 |WCU
1. A patient is prescribed Albuterol and Beclomethasone inhalers for asthma
management. Which instruction should the nurse prioritize?
A. Use the Beclomethasone first to open the airways for the Albuterol.
B. Mix both medications in a nebulizer to ensure simultaneous delivery.
C. Use the Albuterol first, wait 5 minutes, then use the Beclomethasone.
D. Only use the Albuterol if the Beclomethasone does not relieve symptoms.
Answer: C
Rationale: Albuterol is a bronchodilator (SABA) and should be used first to dilate the
bronchioles, allowing better penetration of the corticosteroid (Beclomethasone) into the
lungs.
2. Which laboratory value is most critical to monitor for a patient receiving long-
term Theophylline therapy?
A. Serum potassium levels
B. Therapeutic drug levels (10-20 mcg/mL)
C. Prothrombin time (PT)
D. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
Answer: B
Rationale: Theophylline has a narrow therapeutic index (typically 5-15 or 10-20 mcg/mL).
Toxicity can lead to severe dysrhythmias and seizures.
,3. A patient is taking Montelukast for prophylaxis of asthma. When should the
nurse advise the patient to take this medication?
A. Immediately at the onset of an acute asthma attack
B. Thirty minutes before every meal
C. Once daily in the evening
D. Only when the patient anticipates exposure to allergens
Answer: C
Rationale: Montelukast (a leukotriene modifier) is taken once daily in the evening for
asthma or at least 2 hours before exercise for EIB. It is not a rescue inhaler.
4. What is the primary side effect of first-generation antihistamines, such as
Diphenhydramine, that is less common in second-generation antihistamines?
A. Sedation
B. Hypertension
C. Gastrointestinal bleeding
D. Increased appetite
Answer: A
Rationale: First-generation antihistamines cross the blood-brain barrier, causing
significant sedation and anticholinergic effects, unlike second-generation agents like
Loratadine.
5. A patient diagnosed with GERD is prescribed Omeprazole. The nurse should
instruct the patient to take this medication:
A. 30 to 60 minutes before the first meal of the day
B. Immediately after dinner to prevent nocturnal reflux
C. With an antacid to increase absorption
D. Only when symptomatic heartburn occurs
Answer: A
, Rationale: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) like Omeprazole should be taken on an empty
stomach, 30-60 minutes before a meal, for maximum acid suppression.
6. Which mechanism of action describes how Sucralfate treats peptic ulcer
disease?
A. Neutralizes gastric acid through a chemical reaction
B. Forms a viscous, protective barrier over the ulcer crater
C. Blocks H2 receptors on parietal cells
D. Inhibits the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme system
Answer: B
Rationale: Sucralfate is a mucosal protectant that creates a physical barrier against acid
and pepsin, facilitating ulcer healing.
7. What is a significant adverse effect of long-term use of Magnesium-based
antacids?
A. Constipation
B. Diarrhea
C. Kidney stones
D. Dry mouth
Answer: B
Rationale: Magnesium compounds commonly cause diarrhea, whereas aluminum-based
antacids are associated with constipation.
8. The nurse is preparing to administer Metoclopramide. Which symptom
should the nurse immediately report to the provider?
A. Dry mouth and sedation
B. Involuntary movements of the face and tongue
C. Excessive flatulence
D. Mild nausea
Answer: B
