FSHN 185 Exam 2 – Food Science and Human Nutrition – Review Notes and
Practice Material
What chemical elements are in amino acids? How is this different from carb and lipid? - correct
answer ✔✔Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen is the differentiating element
How many different amino acids are found in the proteins in the human body? - correct answer
✔✔20
How many amino acids are essential? - correct answer ✔✔9
Why are 9 amino acids essential? - correct answer ✔✔Because they can not be made in
sufficient quantity
What are the functions of protein? - correct answer ✔✔o Structural materials (teeth, bones,
muscle etc)
o Enzymes - need a protein to build a protein
o Hormones
o Transport
o Fluid balance - keeps water in certain compartments
o Acid base regulators
o Antibodies for immunity
o Energy (kcal/g) - uses protein for energy last
How are proteins digested? - correct answer ✔✔Gastric acid (HCl) in stomach denatures
protein, proteases in stomach and small intestine, and product are di/tripeptides, or amino
acids
, What is protein balance? - correct answer ✔✔Nitrogen balance
Who might likely be in positive protein balance? - correct answer ✔✔A pregnant women
Who might likely be in negative protein balance? - correct answer ✔✔A sick person in the
hospital
What is protein-energy malnutrition? - correct answer ✔✔Deprived of protein, energy or both
What are two forms of PEM? - correct answer ✔✔Kwashiorkor: protein deficiency
Marasmus: energy, protein, vitamins and mineral deficiency
What are the effects of excessive protein intake? - correct answer ✔✔stress on kidneys, stored
as fat and excreted in urea.
What is protein quality? - correct answer ✔✔A measure of how good the protein in a food is at
providing the essential amino acids the body needs to synthesize proteins
What are some examples of high quality protein? - correct answer ✔✔foods of animal origin
and soy
What are some examples of low quality protein? - correct answer ✔✔corn, beans, pasta and
cereal
What is meant by foods having complementary amino acid patterns? - correct answer
✔✔eating and combining foods that provide the different essential amino acids.
Practice Material
What chemical elements are in amino acids? How is this different from carb and lipid? - correct
answer ✔✔Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen is the differentiating element
How many different amino acids are found in the proteins in the human body? - correct answer
✔✔20
How many amino acids are essential? - correct answer ✔✔9
Why are 9 amino acids essential? - correct answer ✔✔Because they can not be made in
sufficient quantity
What are the functions of protein? - correct answer ✔✔o Structural materials (teeth, bones,
muscle etc)
o Enzymes - need a protein to build a protein
o Hormones
o Transport
o Fluid balance - keeps water in certain compartments
o Acid base regulators
o Antibodies for immunity
o Energy (kcal/g) - uses protein for energy last
How are proteins digested? - correct answer ✔✔Gastric acid (HCl) in stomach denatures
protein, proteases in stomach and small intestine, and product are di/tripeptides, or amino
acids
, What is protein balance? - correct answer ✔✔Nitrogen balance
Who might likely be in positive protein balance? - correct answer ✔✔A pregnant women
Who might likely be in negative protein balance? - correct answer ✔✔A sick person in the
hospital
What is protein-energy malnutrition? - correct answer ✔✔Deprived of protein, energy or both
What are two forms of PEM? - correct answer ✔✔Kwashiorkor: protein deficiency
Marasmus: energy, protein, vitamins and mineral deficiency
What are the effects of excessive protein intake? - correct answer ✔✔stress on kidneys, stored
as fat and excreted in urea.
What is protein quality? - correct answer ✔✔A measure of how good the protein in a food is at
providing the essential amino acids the body needs to synthesize proteins
What are some examples of high quality protein? - correct answer ✔✔foods of animal origin
and soy
What are some examples of low quality protein? - correct answer ✔✔corn, beans, pasta and
cereal
What is meant by foods having complementary amino acid patterns? - correct answer
✔✔eating and combining foods that provide the different essential amino acids.
