FSHN 322 Exam 1 – Food Science and Human Nutrition – Review Notes and
Practice Material
food security - correct answer ✔✔Access at all times to a sufficient supply of safe, nutritious
foods.
Food Insecurity - correct answer ✔✔Limited or uncertain availability of safe, nutritious foods, or
the ability to acquire them in socially acceptable ways.
Calories - correct answer ✔✔A unit of measure of the amount of energy supplied by food. Also
known as the "kilocalorie"
Nutrients - correct answer ✔✔Substances in food that your body uses to grow, to repair itself,
and to supply you with energy
What are the 6 types of Nutrients? - correct answer ✔✔carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins,
minerals, water
essential nutrients - correct answer ✔✔Required in the diet. Carbs, amino acids, linoleic acid
and alpha linoleic acid, vitamins, minerls, water
Nonessential nutrients - correct answer ✔✔present in food and used by the body but dont have
to be part of our diet. EX: cholesterol, creatine and glucose
What factors impact nutrient needs? - correct answer ✔✔Age, body, size, growth, illness, meds,
pregnant, gender
,What are RDAs? - correct answer ✔✔Recommended Dietary Allowance; levels of essential
nutrient intake judged to be adequate to meet known nutrient needs for 98% of healthy people
while decreasing the risk of certain chronic diseases.
What is AI? - correct answer ✔✔adequate intake -- used when insufficient evidence exists for
RDA
What is EARS? - correct answer ✔✔Estimated Average Requirements -- nutrient intake values
estimated to meet the requirements of 50% of healthy individuals in a group . Used for
population groups.
What are ULs? - correct answer ✔✔tolerable Upper Intake levels; Max level of daily intake
without causing adverse health effects; for potentially toxic vitamins and minerals.
What is the recommended intake for CHO? - correct answer ✔✔45-65% kcals. 45% would be for
low active people. (grams x 4)
What is the recommended intake for sugar? - correct answer ✔✔No more than 10% of total
kcals.
What is the recommended intake for fiber? - correct answer ✔✔21-25 grams for women
30-38 grams for men
What is the recommended intake for Proteins? - correct answer ✔✔10-35% of kcals
EX: soy, meat, legumes
What is the recommended intake for Fat? - correct answer ✔✔20-35% of total kcals
, EX: salmon, avocado, walnuts, olive oil
What is the difference between Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids? - correct answer
✔✔Omega-3: Alpha linoleic acid, inlude DHA and EPA.
EX: fatty fish, shellfish, human milk, flax, chia seeds. RDA is 300-500mg daily.
Omega-6: Linoleic acid. Serves as primary structural component of CNS.
EX: veg oils, meat, human milk
Do we need to eat cholesterol? Why or why not? - correct answer ✔✔First of all, it's found in
animal products. It is the precursor of estrogen, testosterone and Vit D.
No, there is no evidence that it is required in the diet. Our bodies can produce enough
cholesterol and no adverse effects happen if not in diet.
List some food sources of antioxidants. - correct answer ✔✔berries, vitamin C, E, beta-carotene,
selenium
What is the recommended daily intake for fluid for males & females? - correct answer
✔✔Males: 15-16 cups
Females: 11 cups
Define homeostasis & ripple effect. - correct answer ✔✔homeostasis: constancy of teh internal
enviorment. The balance of fluids, nutrients, gases, temperature, and other conditions needed
to ensure ongoing, proper functioning of cells and, therefore, all parts of the body.
The Ripple Effect: dietary changes introduced to improve intake of a particular nutrient but
affects intake level of other nutrients.
Practice Material
food security - correct answer ✔✔Access at all times to a sufficient supply of safe, nutritious
foods.
Food Insecurity - correct answer ✔✔Limited or uncertain availability of safe, nutritious foods, or
the ability to acquire them in socially acceptable ways.
Calories - correct answer ✔✔A unit of measure of the amount of energy supplied by food. Also
known as the "kilocalorie"
Nutrients - correct answer ✔✔Substances in food that your body uses to grow, to repair itself,
and to supply you with energy
What are the 6 types of Nutrients? - correct answer ✔✔carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins,
minerals, water
essential nutrients - correct answer ✔✔Required in the diet. Carbs, amino acids, linoleic acid
and alpha linoleic acid, vitamins, minerls, water
Nonessential nutrients - correct answer ✔✔present in food and used by the body but dont have
to be part of our diet. EX: cholesterol, creatine and glucose
What factors impact nutrient needs? - correct answer ✔✔Age, body, size, growth, illness, meds,
pregnant, gender
,What are RDAs? - correct answer ✔✔Recommended Dietary Allowance; levels of essential
nutrient intake judged to be adequate to meet known nutrient needs for 98% of healthy people
while decreasing the risk of certain chronic diseases.
What is AI? - correct answer ✔✔adequate intake -- used when insufficient evidence exists for
RDA
What is EARS? - correct answer ✔✔Estimated Average Requirements -- nutrient intake values
estimated to meet the requirements of 50% of healthy individuals in a group . Used for
population groups.
What are ULs? - correct answer ✔✔tolerable Upper Intake levels; Max level of daily intake
without causing adverse health effects; for potentially toxic vitamins and minerals.
What is the recommended intake for CHO? - correct answer ✔✔45-65% kcals. 45% would be for
low active people. (grams x 4)
What is the recommended intake for sugar? - correct answer ✔✔No more than 10% of total
kcals.
What is the recommended intake for fiber? - correct answer ✔✔21-25 grams for women
30-38 grams for men
What is the recommended intake for Proteins? - correct answer ✔✔10-35% of kcals
EX: soy, meat, legumes
What is the recommended intake for Fat? - correct answer ✔✔20-35% of total kcals
, EX: salmon, avocado, walnuts, olive oil
What is the difference between Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids? - correct answer
✔✔Omega-3: Alpha linoleic acid, inlude DHA and EPA.
EX: fatty fish, shellfish, human milk, flax, chia seeds. RDA is 300-500mg daily.
Omega-6: Linoleic acid. Serves as primary structural component of CNS.
EX: veg oils, meat, human milk
Do we need to eat cholesterol? Why or why not? - correct answer ✔✔First of all, it's found in
animal products. It is the precursor of estrogen, testosterone and Vit D.
No, there is no evidence that it is required in the diet. Our bodies can produce enough
cholesterol and no adverse effects happen if not in diet.
List some food sources of antioxidants. - correct answer ✔✔berries, vitamin C, E, beta-carotene,
selenium
What is the recommended daily intake for fluid for males & females? - correct answer
✔✔Males: 15-16 cups
Females: 11 cups
Define homeostasis & ripple effect. - correct answer ✔✔homeostasis: constancy of teh internal
enviorment. The balance of fluids, nutrients, gases, temperature, and other conditions needed
to ensure ongoing, proper functioning of cells and, therefore, all parts of the body.
The Ripple Effect: dietary changes introduced to improve intake of a particular nutrient but
affects intake level of other nutrients.
