BYU PSYCH375 EXAM 1 REVIEW PAPER
2026 COMPLETE QUESTION SET
ACCURATE ANSWERS
◉ What is Top-Down Processing?.
Answer: Processing that involves a person's knowledge and is
influenced by expectations, context, and experience (knowledge
driven)
◉ What is Speech Segmentation?.
Answer: ability to tell when one word ends and another begins
◉ What are Transitional Probabilities?.
Answer: likelihood that one sound will follow another within a word
◉ What is Statistical Learning?.
Answer: process of learning about transitional probabilities & other
characteristics of language
◉ Explain Saffran et al. (1996) Study w/ Infants.
Answer: infants listened longer to part-word stimuli-some sounds
go together
, ◉ What is the Inverse Projection Problem?.
Answer: The stimulus on the receptors is ambiguous; Objects can be
hidden or blurred; Objects look different from different viewpoints;
Scenes contain high-level information
◉ Explain Human vs. Computer-Vision System.
Answer: Humans, with little conscious effort, effectively perceive the
environment (with obvious complex brain processing happening in
the background). Computers, after decades of research, with
complex coding and mathematical processing, are approximating
human perception.
◉ What is Helmholtz's Theory of Unconscious Inferences?.
Answer: our perceptions are the result of unconscious assumptions
or inferences we make about the environment
◉ What is the Likelihood Principle?.
Answer: we perceive the object that is most likely to have caused the
pattern of stimuli we receive
◉ What is the principle of Good Figure?.
Answer: every stimulus pattern is seen in such a way that the
resultingn structure is as simple as possible
2026 COMPLETE QUESTION SET
ACCURATE ANSWERS
◉ What is Top-Down Processing?.
Answer: Processing that involves a person's knowledge and is
influenced by expectations, context, and experience (knowledge
driven)
◉ What is Speech Segmentation?.
Answer: ability to tell when one word ends and another begins
◉ What are Transitional Probabilities?.
Answer: likelihood that one sound will follow another within a word
◉ What is Statistical Learning?.
Answer: process of learning about transitional probabilities & other
characteristics of language
◉ Explain Saffran et al. (1996) Study w/ Infants.
Answer: infants listened longer to part-word stimuli-some sounds
go together
, ◉ What is the Inverse Projection Problem?.
Answer: The stimulus on the receptors is ambiguous; Objects can be
hidden or blurred; Objects look different from different viewpoints;
Scenes contain high-level information
◉ Explain Human vs. Computer-Vision System.
Answer: Humans, with little conscious effort, effectively perceive the
environment (with obvious complex brain processing happening in
the background). Computers, after decades of research, with
complex coding and mathematical processing, are approximating
human perception.
◉ What is Helmholtz's Theory of Unconscious Inferences?.
Answer: our perceptions are the result of unconscious assumptions
or inferences we make about the environment
◉ What is the Likelihood Principle?.
Answer: we perceive the object that is most likely to have caused the
pattern of stimuli we receive
◉ What is the principle of Good Figure?.
Answer: every stimulus pattern is seen in such a way that the
resultingn structure is as simple as possible
