BIOL 1020 Zanzot Exam 2 Questions With
Correct Answers
cell - ANSWER simplest collection of matter that can still be alive
surface to volume ratio - ANSWER does not increase at same rate
cells divide to - ANSWER make more surface area and better regulate
light microscope - ANSWER visible light passed through a specimen and then
through glass lenses, lenses refract/bend light so image is magnified
most organelles can't be see
microscopy - ANSWER use microscope to visualize cells too small to see with
naked eye
magnification - ANSWER ratio of image size and its real size
resolution - ANSWER clarity of image
contrast - ANSWER visible differences in parts of sample
two types of electron microscopy - ANSWER scanning electron microscopy
transmission electron microscopy
scanning electron microscopy (SEM) - ANSWER focus beam of electrons onto
surface pf a specimen
give 3D looking images
transmission electron microscopy (TEM) - ANSWER focus beam of electrons
through a specimen, mainly used to study internal structures
cell fractionation - ANSWER takes cells apart and separates their major
organelles from one another
centrifuge - ANSWER fractionates cells into their component part
takes organelles out of cell to determine functions of organelles
4 rounds of centrifugation - ANSWER 1. nuclei and cellular debris
2. mitochondria and chloroplast
, 3. microsomes
4. ribosomes
*each round spins faster and for longer*
supernatant - ANSWER what's swimming above in centrifugation
pellet - ANSWER what sinks to the bottom in centrifugation
2 types of cells - ANSWER prokaryote and eukaryote
all cells have - ANSWER plasma membrane, cytosol, chromosomes, and
ribosomes
prokaryotes - ANSWER organisms from bacteria and archaea
difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes - ANSWER prokaryotes have no
nucleus, DNA in unbound region, no membrane bound organelles, cytoplasm
bounded by plasma membrane
bacteria outer layer (from in to out) - ANSWER plasma membrane, cell wall,
capsule, fimbriare, flagella
eukaryotes - ANSWER organisms from protist, fungi, plants, and animals
plasma membrane - ANSWER selective barrier that allows sufficient passage of
oxygen, nutrients, and waste to service the volume of every cell
membrane bound organelles can - ANSWER separate out certain tasks and
divide labor and generate gradients
plasma membrane structure - ANSWER hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail
nucleus - ANSWER contains most of DNA in eukaryotic cell
contains most of cells genes and is usually the most obvious organelle
ribosomes - ANSWER use info from DNA to make proteins
in ALL cells
particles made out of ribosomal RNA and protein
free (in cytosol) and bound (on ER) ribosomes
nuclear envelope - ANSWER encloses nucleus in a double lipid membrane
nucleolus - ANSWER where much RNA is made and sent out from
chromatin - ANSWER where DNA is
Correct Answers
cell - ANSWER simplest collection of matter that can still be alive
surface to volume ratio - ANSWER does not increase at same rate
cells divide to - ANSWER make more surface area and better regulate
light microscope - ANSWER visible light passed through a specimen and then
through glass lenses, lenses refract/bend light so image is magnified
most organelles can't be see
microscopy - ANSWER use microscope to visualize cells too small to see with
naked eye
magnification - ANSWER ratio of image size and its real size
resolution - ANSWER clarity of image
contrast - ANSWER visible differences in parts of sample
two types of electron microscopy - ANSWER scanning electron microscopy
transmission electron microscopy
scanning electron microscopy (SEM) - ANSWER focus beam of electrons onto
surface pf a specimen
give 3D looking images
transmission electron microscopy (TEM) - ANSWER focus beam of electrons
through a specimen, mainly used to study internal structures
cell fractionation - ANSWER takes cells apart and separates their major
organelles from one another
centrifuge - ANSWER fractionates cells into their component part
takes organelles out of cell to determine functions of organelles
4 rounds of centrifugation - ANSWER 1. nuclei and cellular debris
2. mitochondria and chloroplast
, 3. microsomes
4. ribosomes
*each round spins faster and for longer*
supernatant - ANSWER what's swimming above in centrifugation
pellet - ANSWER what sinks to the bottom in centrifugation
2 types of cells - ANSWER prokaryote and eukaryote
all cells have - ANSWER plasma membrane, cytosol, chromosomes, and
ribosomes
prokaryotes - ANSWER organisms from bacteria and archaea
difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes - ANSWER prokaryotes have no
nucleus, DNA in unbound region, no membrane bound organelles, cytoplasm
bounded by plasma membrane
bacteria outer layer (from in to out) - ANSWER plasma membrane, cell wall,
capsule, fimbriare, flagella
eukaryotes - ANSWER organisms from protist, fungi, plants, and animals
plasma membrane - ANSWER selective barrier that allows sufficient passage of
oxygen, nutrients, and waste to service the volume of every cell
membrane bound organelles can - ANSWER separate out certain tasks and
divide labor and generate gradients
plasma membrane structure - ANSWER hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail
nucleus - ANSWER contains most of DNA in eukaryotic cell
contains most of cells genes and is usually the most obvious organelle
ribosomes - ANSWER use info from DNA to make proteins
in ALL cells
particles made out of ribosomal RNA and protein
free (in cytosol) and bound (on ER) ribosomes
nuclear envelope - ANSWER encloses nucleus in a double lipid membrane
nucleolus - ANSWER where much RNA is made and sent out from
chromatin - ANSWER where DNA is
