HSCI 190 Exam Questions With Correct
Answers
What does PPDAC stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Problem, Plan, Data,
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Analysis, Conclusions |
Problem in PPDAC: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-What is the problem or question?
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Plan in PPDAC - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-what info do you need to answer the
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question?
Data in PPDAC - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-collecting high quality information
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Analysis in PPDAC - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Sorting, graphing, and running
| | | | | | | | |
statistical tests |
Conclusions in PPDAC - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Interpretation, communication,
| | | | | | |
and generating new ideas
| | |
Why was the Wakefield et al. study poorly done? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
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Because it concluded the MMR vaccine was correlated to autism with
| | | | | | | | | | |
questionable methodology |
,Who was Harold Shipman and what did he do? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A doctor
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in the 70s, killed people on house visits by giving them diamorphine
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what are the two subcategories of categorical data - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
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nominal, ordinal |
What is another name for categorical data - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-discrete data
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What is another name for scale data - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-continuous data
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What are the two subcategories of scale data? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-interval,
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ratio
Information that is grouped into unordered categories and the assigned number
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is meaningless - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-nominal data
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information is grouped into ordered categories and the number assigned means
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something - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-ordinal data
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can calculations be performed on categorical data? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-no
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This type of data is qualitative - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-categorical
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this type of data is quantitative - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-scale
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,a numerical measure on a scale where each point is equal distance from one
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another and there is no true 0 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-interval data
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a numerical measurement where the numbers are not restricted to certain values
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and there is a true 0 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-ratio data
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this type of frequency distribution shows raw data - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | |
absolute frequency |
this type of frequency distribution shows a proportion or percentage of values
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that fall within a given interval - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-relative frequency
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formula for relative frequency is - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-absolute frequency /
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sum of all frequencies (x 100 for percentage)
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the 'index' in mathematical notations, denoted by 'i', tells you - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-the lower limit of the summation (starting value) | | | | | | |
Only measure of central tendency that can be used with nominal data - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-mode
measures of central tendency for ordinal data - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-mean,
| | | | | | | | | |
median, or mode (but mean is sometimes less useful)
| | | | | | | |
measures of central tendency for scale data - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-mean,
| | | | | | | | | |
median, or mode | |
, describes the difference between the minimum and maximum value in a data set
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- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-range
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dividing the data set into quartiles so you can identify the ranges that fall within
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50% of the mean or median of a data set - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-IQR
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formula to calculate IQR - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Q3 - Q1
| | | | | | | |
this can be calculated by identifying the distance between each data point and
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
the mean, squaring this value, and then averaging the distances - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-variance (s^2) |
what are the problems with variance, despite it giving an accurate representation
| | | | | | | | | | | |
of the spread around the mean? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. units: units are not
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
the same as data set values
| | | | |
2. size: the value for variance is much higher than most of the differences
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between the data point and the mean value
| | | | | | |
difference between standard deviation (SD) and variance (s^2) - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-SD is the square root of the variance | | | | | | |
why is SD used more than variance - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-same units, easier to
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
interpret
to give SD context, it must be reported with the - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-mean
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Answers
What does PPDAC stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Problem, Plan, Data,
| | | | | | | | | |
Analysis, Conclusions |
Problem in PPDAC: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-What is the problem or question?
| | | | | | | | | |
Plan in PPDAC - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-what info do you need to answer the
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
question?
Data in PPDAC - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-collecting high quality information
| | | | | | | |
Analysis in PPDAC - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Sorting, graphing, and running
| | | | | | | | |
statistical tests |
Conclusions in PPDAC - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Interpretation, communication,
| | | | | | |
and generating new ideas
| | |
Why was the Wakefield et al. study poorly done? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | | |
Because it concluded the MMR vaccine was correlated to autism with
| | | | | | | | | | |
questionable methodology |
,Who was Harold Shipman and what did he do? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A doctor
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
in the 70s, killed people on house visits by giving them diamorphine
| | | | | | | | | | |
what are the two subcategories of categorical data - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | |
nominal, ordinal |
What is another name for categorical data - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-discrete data
| | | | | | | | | |
What is another name for scale data - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-continuous data
| | | | | | | | | |
What are the two subcategories of scale data? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-interval,
| | | | | | | | | | |
ratio
Information that is grouped into unordered categories and the assigned number
| | | | | | | | | | |
is meaningless - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-nominal data
| | | | |
information is grouped into ordered categories and the number assigned means
| | | | | | | | | | |
something - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-ordinal data
| | | |
can calculations be performed on categorical data? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-no
| | | | | | | | |
This type of data is qualitative - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-categorical
| | | | | | | |
this type of data is quantitative - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-scale
| | | | | | | |
,a numerical measure on a scale where each point is equal distance from one
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
another and there is no true 0 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-interval data
| | | | | | | | | |
a numerical measurement where the numbers are not restricted to certain values
| | | | | | | | | | |
and there is a true 0 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-ratio data
| | | | | | | | | |
this type of frequency distribution shows raw data - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | |
absolute frequency |
this type of frequency distribution shows a proportion or percentage of values
| | | | | | | | | | | |
that fall within a given interval - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-relative frequency
| | | | | | | | |
formula for relative frequency is - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-absolute frequency /
| | | | | | | | | |
sum of all frequencies (x 100 for percentage)
| | | | | | |
the 'index' in mathematical notations, denoted by 'i', tells you - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-the lower limit of the summation (starting value) | | | | | | |
Only measure of central tendency that can be used with nominal data - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-mode
measures of central tendency for ordinal data - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-mean,
| | | | | | | | | |
median, or mode (but mean is sometimes less useful)
| | | | | | | |
measures of central tendency for scale data - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-mean,
| | | | | | | | | |
median, or mode | |
, describes the difference between the minimum and maximum value in a data set
| | | | | | | | | | | |
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-range
| | |
dividing the data set into quartiles so you can identify the ranges that fall within
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
50% of the mean or median of a data set - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-IQR
| | | | | | | | | | | |
formula to calculate IQR - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Q3 - Q1
| | | | | | | |
this can be calculated by identifying the distance between each data point and
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
the mean, squaring this value, and then averaging the distances - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-variance (s^2) |
what are the problems with variance, despite it giving an accurate representation
| | | | | | | | | | | |
of the spread around the mean? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. units: units are not
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
the same as data set values
| | | | |
2. size: the value for variance is much higher than most of the differences
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
between the data point and the mean value
| | | | | | |
difference between standard deviation (SD) and variance (s^2) - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-SD is the square root of the variance | | | | | | |
why is SD used more than variance - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-same units, easier to
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
interpret
to give SD context, it must be reported with the - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-mean
| | | | | | | | | | | |
