Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
TEST BANK
Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing
Nancy Hatfield, Cynthia Kincheloe
5th Edition
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
Table of Contents
Unit 1 Overview of Maternal and Pediatric Health Care
Chapter 1 The Nurse’s Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
Chapter 2 Family-Centered and Community-Based Maternal and Pediatric Nursing
Unit 2 Foundations of Maternity Nursing
Chapter 3 Structure and Function of the Reproductive System
Chapter 4 Special Issues of Women’s Health Care and Reproduction
Unit 3 Pregnancy
Chapter 5 Fetal Development
Chapter 6 Maternal Adaptation During Pregnancy
Chapter 7 Prenatal Care
Unit 4 Labor and Birth
Chapter 8 The Labor Process
Chapter 9 Pain Management During Labor and Birth
Chapter 10 Nursing Care During Labor and Birth
Chapter 11 Assisted Delivery and Cesarean Birth
Unit 5 Postpartum and Newborn
Chapter 12 The Postpartum Woman
Chapter 13 Nursing Care During Newborn Transition
Chapter 14 Nursing Care of the Normal Newborn
Chapter 15 Newborn Nutrition
Unit 6 Childbearing at Risk
Chapter 16 Pregnancy at Risk: Conditions That Complicate Pregnancy
Chapter 17 Pregnancy at Risk: Pregnancy-Related Complications
Chapter 18 Labor at Risk
Chapter 19 Postpartum Woman at Risk
Chapter 20 The Newborn at Risk: Gestational and Acquired Disorders
Chapter 21 The Newborn at Risk: Congenital Disorders
Unit 7 Health Promotion for Normal Growth and Development
Chapter 22 Principles of Growth and Development
Chapter 23 Growth and Development of the Infant: 28 Days to 1 Year
Chapter 24 Growth and Development of the Toddler: 1 to 3 Years
Chapter 25 Growth and Development of the Preschool Child: 3 to 6 Years
Chapter 26 Growth and Development of the School-Aged Child: 6 to 10 Years
Chapter 27 Growth and Development of the Adolescent: 11 to 18 Years
Unit 8 Foundations of Pediatric Nursing
Chapter 28 Data Collection (Assessment) for the Child
Chapter 29 Care of the Hospitalized Child
Chapter 30 Procedures and Treatments
Chapter 31 Medication Administration and Intravenous Therapy
Unit 9 Special Concerns of Pediatric Nursing
Chapter 32 The Child with a Chronic Health Problem
Chapter 33 Abuse in the Family and Community
Chapter 34 The Dying Child
Unit 10 The Child with a Health Disorder
Chapter 35 The Child with a Sensory/Neurologic Disorder
Chapter 36 The Child with a Respiratory Disorder
Chapter 37 The Child with a Cardiovascular/Hematologic Disorder
Chapter 38 The Child with a Gastrointestinal/Endocrine Disorder
Chapter 39 The Child with a Genitourinary Disorder
Chapter 40 The Child with a Musculoskeletal Disorder
Chapter 41 The Child with an Integumentary Disorder/Communicable Disease
Chapter 42 The Child with a Cognitive, Behavioral, or Mental Health Disorder
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
Chapter 1 : The Nurse’s Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
1. The opening up of hospital visiting policies for children and families likely
resulted from the work of which individual?
A. Joseph Brennaman
B. John Bowlby
C. Marshal Klaus
D. John Kennell
Answer: B
Rationale: In 1951, John Bowlby received worldwide attention with his study that
revealed the negative results of the separation of child and mother because of
hospitalization. His work led to a re-evaluation and liberalization of hospital visiting
policies for children. Joseph Brennaman suggested that a lack of stimulation for
infants contributed to high infant mortality rates at the time. In the 1970s and
1980s, physicians Marshall Klaus and John Kennell carried out important studies on
the effect of the separation of newborns and parents. They established that early
separation may have long-term effects on family relationships and that offering the
new family an opportunity to be together at birth and for a significant period after
birth may provide benefits that last well into early childhood.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 4
2. An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in
childbirth than do white mothers. When responding to her questions about the
reasons for this, the nurse accurately states that which is the major reason for the
high maternal mortality rate?
A. having formal education.
B. being unmarried.
C. income.
D. lack of prenatal care.
Answer: D
Rationale: Research shows that maternal mortality rate is directly related to lack of
prenatal care secondary to lack of access to services or insurance. Income as well
as educational level may play a role in the availability of health care, but they are
not directly responsible. Being unmarried has no bearing on infant mortality.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Understand
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
3. Which statement correctly defines the term "infant death rate"?
A. number of deaths in utero of fetuses 500 g or more per 1,000 live births
B. number of deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births
C. number of deaths occurring at birth or in the first 12 months of life per 1,000
live births
D. death of a live-born child before his or her first birthday.
Answer: D
Rationale: The term infant death refers to the death of a live-born child before he
or she reaches age 1 year. It also includes neonatal mortality rate. Neonatal
mortality rate is the number of infant deaths during the first 28 days of life for
every 1,000 live births. Infant mortality rate is the number of deaths during the
first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
4. The nursing instructor is preparing to teach a group of students about the history
of maternity care. What major development will the instructor emphasize as
greatly influencing the practice of maternity care in the United States over the past
century?
A. technologic advances and the use of forceps by primary care providers
B. development of anesthesia and acceptance of the germ theory
C. advent of birthing centers and the development of family-centered care
D. development of pediatric specialty and replacement of midwives as primary birth
attendants
Answer: B
Rationale: The emphasis should be placed on anesthesia and the germ theory. The
development of anesthesia allowed women a choice for pain management in birth;
the germ theory advanced the progress of general health care and decreased
infections in laboring women. Pediatrics as a specialty is an important step forward
but is not the greatest development, and midwives are still in practice. Maternity
care continues to evolve, and birthing centers are still under development. Forceps
are not considered an advance in maternity care.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Analyze
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Reference: p. 3
5. When preparing a client for surgery, the nurse explains that the use of an
antiseptic during the surgery has greatly improved client survival rates and was
started by which physician?
A. Louis Pasteur
B. Ignaz Philip Semmelweis
C. Joseph Lister
D. Alexander Gordon
Answer: C
Rationale: Joseph Lister was a British surgeon who embraced Louis Pasteur's theory
of microorganisms as the cause of infection. Lister used carbolic acid as an
antiseptic during surgery and improved the survival rates of his patients. Alexander
Gordon proposed the theory of infection. Oliver Wendell Holmes and Ignaz Philip
Semmelweis confirmed his theory.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 4
6. A young couple are very excited to learn they are expecting their first child and
question the nurse about which test they need to discover its gender. Which
procedure will best provide this information to the couple?
A. Ultrasound
B. Amniocentesis
C. Chorionic villus sampling
D. HGP
Answer: A
Rationale: Ultrasound is a visual method for assessing the fetus in the uterus and
will provide information about the gender. Amniocentesis and chorionic villus
sampling provide the entire genetic code of the fetus. HGP refers to the Human
Genome Project, which can provide information regarding gene mutations and
variations.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Caring
Reference: p. 6
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
7. A family is seeking sources for payment of health care costs. When talking with
the family, the nurse determines that the family makes too much money to qualify
for the federal program. Which source would the nurse likely recommend?
A. Medicaid
B. Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)
C. Centers for Disease Control
D. State Child Health Insurance Program
Answer: D
Rationale: The State Child Health Insurance Program, first known by its acronym
"SCHIP" now referred to as "CHIP," was enacted in 1997. CHIP provides health
insurance to newborns and children in low-income families who do not otherwise
qualify for Medicaid and are uninsured. Based on the information given, the family
does not qualify for Medicaid, a federal program that supplies grants to states to
provide health care for individuals who have low incomes and meet other eligibility
criteria. The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and
Children (WIC) provides nutritional servides to low-income, nutritionally at-risk
pregnant, breast-feeding, and postpartum women and their children (as old as 5
years). The Centers for Disease Control does not provide funding for health care
services.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Integrated Process: Caring
Reference: p. 8
8. After discussing the various options with a pregnant client and partner, they
have chosen to stay with their newborn and receive care from one nurse at the
time of birth. This is referred to as which type of care?
A. Regionalized care
B. Maternal-child care
C. Centralized care
D. Couplet care
Answer: D
Rationale: Couplet care is care in which the mother and child remain in the same
room after labor/delivery through the postpartum period. This has become the
standard of care. Regionalized or centralized care places the treatment centers in
centralized locations and transfers the patient to the facility. Maternal child care
allows the mother to be the primary provider of care.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Integrated Process: Caring
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
Reference: p. 5
9. A group of nursing students are examining the data of the local hospitals to
determine the potential maternal needs of the community. Which factor will be the
best statistical indicator of the adequacy of prenatal care?
A. Number of prenatal visits
B. Maternal mortality rate
C. Infant mortality rate
D. Infant measurements at birth
Answer: B
Rationale: Maternal mortality rate is the best indicator of a country's level of
prenatal care. Increases in prenatal care result in a decrease in maternal mortality.
Infant mortality is a reflection of postnatal care. Infant mortality includes all infant
deaths from birth to 12 months and can be the result of congenital anomalies,
genetic anomalies, or other problems. The number of prenatal visits and
measurements of the infant at birth are not the best indicators as they do not
accurately reflect the health of the mother.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
10. The nurse is teaching a client about lifestyle changes that could help the client
reach a higher level of wellness. The nurse is engaged in which aspect of care?
A. Infection prevention
B. Cost containment
C. Health promotion
D. Illness treatment
Answer: C
Rationale: By encouraging healthy lifestyle changes, the nurse is engaging in health
promotion activities. Health promotion involves helping people make lifestyle
changes to move them to higher levels of wellness. Health promotion includes all
aspects of health: physical, mental, emotional, social, and spiritual. Although health
promotion can help to contain costs over a longer span, this is not what the nurse is
doing. Healthy lifestyle changes are not part of infection prevention or illness
treatment.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Reference: p. 7
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
11. A young female client is pregnant for the first time and is uncertain who to seek
prenatal care from. The nurse should point out which health care provider as the
likely choice?
A. Perinatologist
B. Neonatologist
C. Family practitioner
D. Obstetrician
Answer: D
Rationale: The obstetrician is the common choice for prenatal care through labor
and delivery. Perinatologists may care for women who have a high-risk pregnancy,
and neonatologists provide care to infants. Family practitioner physicians may
provide care but are less likely to attend in labor and delivery.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Understand
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Caring
Reference: p. 3
12. While preparing to teach a group of nursing students the history of maternity
care, which factor will the instructor include to explain as the etiology of most
infections in females after birthing in the 1700s?
A. Reproductive tract infection
B. Breast infection
C. Kidney infection
D. Urinary tract infection
Answer: A
Rationale: Prior to the germ theory, women most often died of puerperal fever, an
illness marked by high fever caused by infection of the reproductive tract after
delivering infants. Women who delivered in hospitals were more likely to develop
this infection than women who delivered at home. Breast infections occurred during
breast feeding but were not usually fatal. There was no greater incidence of kidney
or urinary tract infections.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Reference: p. 3-4
13. A group of nursing students are comparing the various changes in maternity
care over the course of history and discover that the development of what medical
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
treatment was most influential in moving birth from the home into the hospital
setting?
A. Infection control and germ theory
B. Planned cesarean birth
C. Instruments to assist in birth of infants
D. Anesthesia and analgesic therapy
Answer: D
Rationale: Movement from the home to the hospital for the birth of infants began
with the use of medications to control pain during labor. This trend started with the
wealthy and followed to include more of society. Cesarean births are a more recent
development than the advent of anesthesia. Infection control could be maintained
at home, so it was not a driving force. The use of instruments developed along with
cesarean technology.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Reference: p. 3
14. The nursing instructor is teaching a group of students about the history of
maternity and family care. The instructor determines the session is successful when
the students correctly choose which major change resulting from research by Klaus
and Kennell?
A. Limited family visits for children in the hospital
B. Family-centered care of today
C. Rooming-in for maternity patients
D. Isolation of children with infections
Answer: B
Rationale: Klaus and Kennell conducted studies and determined the optimal
outcomes for children occurred when parents had more contact and interaction with
the child in the hospital. Limiting visits has detrimental effects on infant
development. Rooming-in was not as well received, as patients were not
comfortable with the loss of privacy. Isolation of children with infections is still a
proper precaution.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Reference: p. 4
15. A client with a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus is confirmed to be pregnant.
The nurse determines this client will be best cared for under which practice model?
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
A. Case management
B. The nursing process
C. A clinical pathway
D. A health maintenance organization
Answer: A
Rationale: Case management is a system that integrates management and
coordination of care with financing in an attempt to improve cost-effectiveness,
use, quality, and outcomes. The nursing process involves the practice of nursing; it
is not a means of cost saving for the client. The clinical pathway is a treatment
regimen. HMOs are insurance organizations.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 7
16. A nursing student is preparing a presentation illustrating the Human Genome
Project. Which function will the student point out as being the primary focus?
A. Genetic testing in adults
B. Detection of genetic mutations in children
C. Identification of human genes and functions
D. Treatment of gene mutations
Answer: C
Rationale: The Human Genome Project was founded in 1990 and its primary
purpose was to identify and label all human genes and their functions. Information
from the HGP may eventually be used in genetic testing, the detection of mutations
or variations in children, and gene therapy.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Reference: p. 6
17. A healthy client without a primary care provider is exploring the options
available for a health care provider to assist with her pregnancy. Which health care
provider can the nurse point out as a best option?
A. Women's health nurse practitioner (NP)
B. Certified nurse midwife
C. Lay midwife
D. Clinical nurse specialist (CNS)
Answer: B
TEST BANK
Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing
Nancy Hatfield, Cynthia Kincheloe
5th Edition
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
Table of Contents
Unit 1 Overview of Maternal and Pediatric Health Care
Chapter 1 The Nurse’s Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
Chapter 2 Family-Centered and Community-Based Maternal and Pediatric Nursing
Unit 2 Foundations of Maternity Nursing
Chapter 3 Structure and Function of the Reproductive System
Chapter 4 Special Issues of Women’s Health Care and Reproduction
Unit 3 Pregnancy
Chapter 5 Fetal Development
Chapter 6 Maternal Adaptation During Pregnancy
Chapter 7 Prenatal Care
Unit 4 Labor and Birth
Chapter 8 The Labor Process
Chapter 9 Pain Management During Labor and Birth
Chapter 10 Nursing Care During Labor and Birth
Chapter 11 Assisted Delivery and Cesarean Birth
Unit 5 Postpartum and Newborn
Chapter 12 The Postpartum Woman
Chapter 13 Nursing Care During Newborn Transition
Chapter 14 Nursing Care of the Normal Newborn
Chapter 15 Newborn Nutrition
Unit 6 Childbearing at Risk
Chapter 16 Pregnancy at Risk: Conditions That Complicate Pregnancy
Chapter 17 Pregnancy at Risk: Pregnancy-Related Complications
Chapter 18 Labor at Risk
Chapter 19 Postpartum Woman at Risk
Chapter 20 The Newborn at Risk: Gestational and Acquired Disorders
Chapter 21 The Newborn at Risk: Congenital Disorders
Unit 7 Health Promotion for Normal Growth and Development
Chapter 22 Principles of Growth and Development
Chapter 23 Growth and Development of the Infant: 28 Days to 1 Year
Chapter 24 Growth and Development of the Toddler: 1 to 3 Years
Chapter 25 Growth and Development of the Preschool Child: 3 to 6 Years
Chapter 26 Growth and Development of the School-Aged Child: 6 to 10 Years
Chapter 27 Growth and Development of the Adolescent: 11 to 18 Years
Unit 8 Foundations of Pediatric Nursing
Chapter 28 Data Collection (Assessment) for the Child
Chapter 29 Care of the Hospitalized Child
Chapter 30 Procedures and Treatments
Chapter 31 Medication Administration and Intravenous Therapy
Unit 9 Special Concerns of Pediatric Nursing
Chapter 32 The Child with a Chronic Health Problem
Chapter 33 Abuse in the Family and Community
Chapter 34 The Dying Child
Unit 10 The Child with a Health Disorder
Chapter 35 The Child with a Sensory/Neurologic Disorder
Chapter 36 The Child with a Respiratory Disorder
Chapter 37 The Child with a Cardiovascular/Hematologic Disorder
Chapter 38 The Child with a Gastrointestinal/Endocrine Disorder
Chapter 39 The Child with a Genitourinary Disorder
Chapter 40 The Child with a Musculoskeletal Disorder
Chapter 41 The Child with an Integumentary Disorder/Communicable Disease
Chapter 42 The Child with a Cognitive, Behavioral, or Mental Health Disorder
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
Chapter 1 : The Nurse’s Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
1. The opening up of hospital visiting policies for children and families likely
resulted from the work of which individual?
A. Joseph Brennaman
B. John Bowlby
C. Marshal Klaus
D. John Kennell
Answer: B
Rationale: In 1951, John Bowlby received worldwide attention with his study that
revealed the negative results of the separation of child and mother because of
hospitalization. His work led to a re-evaluation and liberalization of hospital visiting
policies for children. Joseph Brennaman suggested that a lack of stimulation for
infants contributed to high infant mortality rates at the time. In the 1970s and
1980s, physicians Marshall Klaus and John Kennell carried out important studies on
the effect of the separation of newborns and parents. They established that early
separation may have long-term effects on family relationships and that offering the
new family an opportunity to be together at birth and for a significant period after
birth may provide benefits that last well into early childhood.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 4
2. An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in
childbirth than do white mothers. When responding to her questions about the
reasons for this, the nurse accurately states that which is the major reason for the
high maternal mortality rate?
A. having formal education.
B. being unmarried.
C. income.
D. lack of prenatal care.
Answer: D
Rationale: Research shows that maternal mortality rate is directly related to lack of
prenatal care secondary to lack of access to services or insurance. Income as well
as educational level may play a role in the availability of health care, but they are
not directly responsible. Being unmarried has no bearing on infant mortality.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Understand
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
3. Which statement correctly defines the term "infant death rate"?
A. number of deaths in utero of fetuses 500 g or more per 1,000 live births
B. number of deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births
C. number of deaths occurring at birth or in the first 12 months of life per 1,000
live births
D. death of a live-born child before his or her first birthday.
Answer: D
Rationale: The term infant death refers to the death of a live-born child before he
or she reaches age 1 year. It also includes neonatal mortality rate. Neonatal
mortality rate is the number of infant deaths during the first 28 days of life for
every 1,000 live births. Infant mortality rate is the number of deaths during the
first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
4. The nursing instructor is preparing to teach a group of students about the history
of maternity care. What major development will the instructor emphasize as
greatly influencing the practice of maternity care in the United States over the past
century?
A. technologic advances and the use of forceps by primary care providers
B. development of anesthesia and acceptance of the germ theory
C. advent of birthing centers and the development of family-centered care
D. development of pediatric specialty and replacement of midwives as primary birth
attendants
Answer: B
Rationale: The emphasis should be placed on anesthesia and the germ theory. The
development of anesthesia allowed women a choice for pain management in birth;
the germ theory advanced the progress of general health care and decreased
infections in laboring women. Pediatrics as a specialty is an important step forward
but is not the greatest development, and midwives are still in practice. Maternity
care continues to evolve, and birthing centers are still under development. Forceps
are not considered an advance in maternity care.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Analyze
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Reference: p. 3
5. When preparing a client for surgery, the nurse explains that the use of an
antiseptic during the surgery has greatly improved client survival rates and was
started by which physician?
A. Louis Pasteur
B. Ignaz Philip Semmelweis
C. Joseph Lister
D. Alexander Gordon
Answer: C
Rationale: Joseph Lister was a British surgeon who embraced Louis Pasteur's theory
of microorganisms as the cause of infection. Lister used carbolic acid as an
antiseptic during surgery and improved the survival rates of his patients. Alexander
Gordon proposed the theory of infection. Oliver Wendell Holmes and Ignaz Philip
Semmelweis confirmed his theory.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 4
6. A young couple are very excited to learn they are expecting their first child and
question the nurse about which test they need to discover its gender. Which
procedure will best provide this information to the couple?
A. Ultrasound
B. Amniocentesis
C. Chorionic villus sampling
D. HGP
Answer: A
Rationale: Ultrasound is a visual method for assessing the fetus in the uterus and
will provide information about the gender. Amniocentesis and chorionic villus
sampling provide the entire genetic code of the fetus. HGP refers to the Human
Genome Project, which can provide information regarding gene mutations and
variations.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Caring
Reference: p. 6
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
7. A family is seeking sources for payment of health care costs. When talking with
the family, the nurse determines that the family makes too much money to qualify
for the federal program. Which source would the nurse likely recommend?
A. Medicaid
B. Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)
C. Centers for Disease Control
D. State Child Health Insurance Program
Answer: D
Rationale: The State Child Health Insurance Program, first known by its acronym
"SCHIP" now referred to as "CHIP," was enacted in 1997. CHIP provides health
insurance to newborns and children in low-income families who do not otherwise
qualify for Medicaid and are uninsured. Based on the information given, the family
does not qualify for Medicaid, a federal program that supplies grants to states to
provide health care for individuals who have low incomes and meet other eligibility
criteria. The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and
Children (WIC) provides nutritional servides to low-income, nutritionally at-risk
pregnant, breast-feeding, and postpartum women and their children (as old as 5
years). The Centers for Disease Control does not provide funding for health care
services.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Integrated Process: Caring
Reference: p. 8
8. After discussing the various options with a pregnant client and partner, they
have chosen to stay with their newborn and receive care from one nurse at the
time of birth. This is referred to as which type of care?
A. Regionalized care
B. Maternal-child care
C. Centralized care
D. Couplet care
Answer: D
Rationale: Couplet care is care in which the mother and child remain in the same
room after labor/delivery through the postpartum period. This has become the
standard of care. Regionalized or centralized care places the treatment centers in
centralized locations and transfers the patient to the facility. Maternal child care
allows the mother to be the primary provider of care.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Integrated Process: Caring
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
Reference: p. 5
9. A group of nursing students are examining the data of the local hospitals to
determine the potential maternal needs of the community. Which factor will be the
best statistical indicator of the adequacy of prenatal care?
A. Number of prenatal visits
B. Maternal mortality rate
C. Infant mortality rate
D. Infant measurements at birth
Answer: B
Rationale: Maternal mortality rate is the best indicator of a country's level of
prenatal care. Increases in prenatal care result in a decrease in maternal mortality.
Infant mortality is a reflection of postnatal care. Infant mortality includes all infant
deaths from birth to 12 months and can be the result of congenital anomalies,
genetic anomalies, or other problems. The number of prenatal visits and
measurements of the infant at birth are not the best indicators as they do not
accurately reflect the health of the mother.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
10. The nurse is teaching a client about lifestyle changes that could help the client
reach a higher level of wellness. The nurse is engaged in which aspect of care?
A. Infection prevention
B. Cost containment
C. Health promotion
D. Illness treatment
Answer: C
Rationale: By encouraging healthy lifestyle changes, the nurse is engaging in health
promotion activities. Health promotion involves helping people make lifestyle
changes to move them to higher levels of wellness. Health promotion includes all
aspects of health: physical, mental, emotional, social, and spiritual. Although health
promotion can help to contain costs over a longer span, this is not what the nurse is
doing. Healthy lifestyle changes are not part of infection prevention or illness
treatment.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Reference: p. 7
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
11. A young female client is pregnant for the first time and is uncertain who to seek
prenatal care from. The nurse should point out which health care provider as the
likely choice?
A. Perinatologist
B. Neonatologist
C. Family practitioner
D. Obstetrician
Answer: D
Rationale: The obstetrician is the common choice for prenatal care through labor
and delivery. Perinatologists may care for women who have a high-risk pregnancy,
and neonatologists provide care to infants. Family practitioner physicians may
provide care but are less likely to attend in labor and delivery.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Understand
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Caring
Reference: p. 3
12. While preparing to teach a group of nursing students the history of maternity
care, which factor will the instructor include to explain as the etiology of most
infections in females after birthing in the 1700s?
A. Reproductive tract infection
B. Breast infection
C. Kidney infection
D. Urinary tract infection
Answer: A
Rationale: Prior to the germ theory, women most often died of puerperal fever, an
illness marked by high fever caused by infection of the reproductive tract after
delivering infants. Women who delivered in hospitals were more likely to develop
this infection than women who delivered at home. Breast infections occurred during
breast feeding but were not usually fatal. There was no greater incidence of kidney
or urinary tract infections.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Reference: p. 3-4
13. A group of nursing students are comparing the various changes in maternity
care over the course of history and discover that the development of what medical
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
treatment was most influential in moving birth from the home into the hospital
setting?
A. Infection control and germ theory
B. Planned cesarean birth
C. Instruments to assist in birth of infants
D. Anesthesia and analgesic therapy
Answer: D
Rationale: Movement from the home to the hospital for the birth of infants began
with the use of medications to control pain during labor. This trend started with the
wealthy and followed to include more of society. Cesarean births are a more recent
development than the advent of anesthesia. Infection control could be maintained
at home, so it was not a driving force. The use of instruments developed along with
cesarean technology.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Reference: p. 3
14. The nursing instructor is teaching a group of students about the history of
maternity and family care. The instructor determines the session is successful when
the students correctly choose which major change resulting from research by Klaus
and Kennell?
A. Limited family visits for children in the hospital
B. Family-centered care of today
C. Rooming-in for maternity patients
D. Isolation of children with infections
Answer: B
Rationale: Klaus and Kennell conducted studies and determined the optimal
outcomes for children occurred when parents had more contact and interaction with
the child in the hospital. Limiting visits has detrimental effects on infant
development. Rooming-in was not as well received, as patients were not
comfortable with the loss of privacy. Isolation of children with infections is still a
proper precaution.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Reference: p. 4
15. A client with a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus is confirmed to be pregnant.
The nurse determines this client will be best cared for under which practice model?
, Test Bank - Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition (Hatfield, 2022)
A. Case management
B. The nursing process
C. A clinical pathway
D. A health maintenance organization
Answer: A
Rationale: Case management is a system that integrates management and
coordination of care with financing in an attempt to improve cost-effectiveness,
use, quality, and outcomes. The nursing process involves the practice of nursing; it
is not a means of cost saving for the client. The clinical pathway is a treatment
regimen. HMOs are insurance organizations.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 7
16. A nursing student is preparing a presentation illustrating the Human Genome
Project. Which function will the student point out as being the primary focus?
A. Genetic testing in adults
B. Detection of genetic mutations in children
C. Identification of human genes and functions
D. Treatment of gene mutations
Answer: C
Rationale: The Human Genome Project was founded in 1990 and its primary
purpose was to identify and label all human genes and their functions. Information
from the HGP may eventually be used in genetic testing, the detection of mutations
or variations in children, and gene therapy.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Reference: p. 6
17. A healthy client without a primary care provider is exploring the options
available for a health care provider to assist with her pregnancy. Which health care
provider can the nurse point out as a best option?
A. Women's health nurse practitioner (NP)
B. Certified nurse midwife
C. Lay midwife
D. Clinical nurse specialist (CNS)
Answer: B
