NSG6005 FINAL EXAM 2 EXAM PREPARATION
PACK 2026 KEY CONCEPTS AND REVISION
NOTES
◉ leadership styles.
Answer: Autocratic, democratic, laissez faire
◉ autocratic.
Answer: ruling with absolute authority; extremely bossy
◉ democratic.
Answer: ruled by the people. In a democracy, citizens elect
representatives to make and carry out laws.
◉ Laissez-faire.
Answer: Idea that government should play as small a role as possible
in economic affairs, no defined goals, members are frustrated and
confused, low morale
◉ developmental disability.
Answer: mental or physical or combination impairment resulting in
lifelong disability
,exposure to drugs/alcohol in utero, genetic abnorm, poor nutrition,
neglect or abuse
◉ failure to thrive.
Answer: a condition in which infants become malnourished and fail
to grow or gain weight for no obvious medical reason
organic r/t CP, T21, chrons, celiac, CF, VD, hyperthyroid
nonorganic r/t poverty, behavior, poor feeding, access to knowledge,
abuse, neglect
◉ cerebral palsy.
Answer: A loss or deficiency of motor control with involuntary
spasms caused by permanent brain damage present at birth,
nonprogressive
spastic, dyskinetic, athetoid, ataxic, mixed
prenatal: hypoxia, toxins, preecclampsia, multiples
perinatal: premature, asphyxia, sepsis, chorioamnionitis, cerebral
hemorrhage
,postnatal: seizure, infection, kernicterus, intraventricular
hemorrhage
monoplegia-one limb
hemiplegia-one side
diplegia-lower half
quadriplegia -all four
◉ spastic CP.
Answer: hypertonicity, permanent contractures
◉ dyskinetic/athetoid CP.
Answer: abnormal involuntary movements
◉ ataxic CP.
Answer: disturbed balance
awkward gait
uncoordinated moves
balance and depth perception
◉ CP medications.
, Answer: baclofen: skeletal muscle relax, f/r urinary retention, no
alcohol
diazepam: benzo, GABA inhibition, no alcohol
glycopyrrolate: anticholinergic, reduce secretions, reverse brady, w
or without meals pills, 1 before 2 after solution
botulinum toxin a: aka botox, reduce spasticity, ach inhibitor,
myalgia/arthralgia
◉ Trisomy 21.
Answer: condition in which an individual has three number 21
chromosomes, resulting in Down syndrome
*********, depressed nose, hypotonia, tongue out,
congenital heart defect
◉ Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Answer: A disorder characterized by deficits in social relatedness
and communication skills that are often accompanied by repetitive,
ritualistic behavior.
PACK 2026 KEY CONCEPTS AND REVISION
NOTES
◉ leadership styles.
Answer: Autocratic, democratic, laissez faire
◉ autocratic.
Answer: ruling with absolute authority; extremely bossy
◉ democratic.
Answer: ruled by the people. In a democracy, citizens elect
representatives to make and carry out laws.
◉ Laissez-faire.
Answer: Idea that government should play as small a role as possible
in economic affairs, no defined goals, members are frustrated and
confused, low morale
◉ developmental disability.
Answer: mental or physical or combination impairment resulting in
lifelong disability
,exposure to drugs/alcohol in utero, genetic abnorm, poor nutrition,
neglect or abuse
◉ failure to thrive.
Answer: a condition in which infants become malnourished and fail
to grow or gain weight for no obvious medical reason
organic r/t CP, T21, chrons, celiac, CF, VD, hyperthyroid
nonorganic r/t poverty, behavior, poor feeding, access to knowledge,
abuse, neglect
◉ cerebral palsy.
Answer: A loss or deficiency of motor control with involuntary
spasms caused by permanent brain damage present at birth,
nonprogressive
spastic, dyskinetic, athetoid, ataxic, mixed
prenatal: hypoxia, toxins, preecclampsia, multiples
perinatal: premature, asphyxia, sepsis, chorioamnionitis, cerebral
hemorrhage
,postnatal: seizure, infection, kernicterus, intraventricular
hemorrhage
monoplegia-one limb
hemiplegia-one side
diplegia-lower half
quadriplegia -all four
◉ spastic CP.
Answer: hypertonicity, permanent contractures
◉ dyskinetic/athetoid CP.
Answer: abnormal involuntary movements
◉ ataxic CP.
Answer: disturbed balance
awkward gait
uncoordinated moves
balance and depth perception
◉ CP medications.
, Answer: baclofen: skeletal muscle relax, f/r urinary retention, no
alcohol
diazepam: benzo, GABA inhibition, no alcohol
glycopyrrolate: anticholinergic, reduce secretions, reverse brady, w
or without meals pills, 1 before 2 after solution
botulinum toxin a: aka botox, reduce spasticity, ach inhibitor,
myalgia/arthralgia
◉ Trisomy 21.
Answer: condition in which an individual has three number 21
chromosomes, resulting in Down syndrome
*********, depressed nose, hypotonia, tongue out,
congenital heart defect
◉ Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Answer: A disorder characterized by deficits in social relatedness
and communication skills that are often accompanied by repetitive,
ritualistic behavior.
