homophones - ANSWER These are words that are pronounced the same, but have differ-
ent meanings and spelling.
example: capital (seat of the government) and capitol (government building)
Homonyms - ANSWER words that are spelled and pronounced the same,yet have a differ-
ent meaning
Ex. Tear-when you cry tear-when something rips
Homographs - ANSWER words that are spelled alike but have different sounds and mean-
ings (bow and arrow vs. bow of a ship) .
Prepositional Phrase - ANSWER a group of words beginning with a preposition and end-
ing with a noun or pronoun
Example: Out of bed, down the tree, through the forest, up the hill, around the lake, etc.
Adverb Phrase - ANSWER a prepositional phrase that modifies a verb, an adjective, or an
adverb
Example: The bears were in the bed. Mama bear is naive about her bears.
Participial Phrase - ANSWER A verb form that is used as an adjective
Example: Sleeping soundly, she got her rest. Chewing loudly, people started to stare.
Gerund Phrase - ANSWER A verb form that is used as a noun
Example: Disciplinging the dogs is a teadious task. Singing to the audience makes me nerv-
ous.
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, Infinitive Phrase - ANSWER to + verb used as an adjective, adverb, or noun
Example: To learn how to read, Ana practices reading everyday before bedtime. To calm her
nerves, Mama Jo knits.
Independent Clause - ANSWER a group of words with a subject and verb that is a com-
plete thought.
Example: It was after midnight and Mother was downstairs.
Subordinate Clause - ANSWER a group of words with a subject and a verb that MUST be
combined with an independent clause to form a complete though.
Example: Mrs. Smith, who was cooking breakfast downstairs at the time, did not hear the
kids leave the house.
Adjective Clause - ANSWER A subordinate clause that, like an adjective, modifies a noun
or pronoun. Usually it starts with a WHO, WHOM, WHICH and THAT.
Example: Maria, WHO I went to school with, is getting married this Saturday. My friends
were surprised THAT the event was kept down low.
Noun Clause - ANSWER A subordinate clause used as a noun
Example: Do you know WHAT THE DOGS WILL DO NEXT?
ANYONE WHO DISCOVERS THE KIDS ARE OUT AT NIGHT will tell police.
Adverb Clause - ANSWER A subordinate clause that, like any adverb, modifies a verb, ad-
jective, or an adverb. Words used before clause (after, before, when, since, unless, while)
Example: Mama Jo knits WHEREVER SHE CAN. The animals get out at night most THAN I DO.
We ate the cookies AFTER dinner.
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ent meanings and spelling.
example: capital (seat of the government) and capitol (government building)
Homonyms - ANSWER words that are spelled and pronounced the same,yet have a differ-
ent meaning
Ex. Tear-when you cry tear-when something rips
Homographs - ANSWER words that are spelled alike but have different sounds and mean-
ings (bow and arrow vs. bow of a ship) .
Prepositional Phrase - ANSWER a group of words beginning with a preposition and end-
ing with a noun or pronoun
Example: Out of bed, down the tree, through the forest, up the hill, around the lake, etc.
Adverb Phrase - ANSWER a prepositional phrase that modifies a verb, an adjective, or an
adverb
Example: The bears were in the bed. Mama bear is naive about her bears.
Participial Phrase - ANSWER A verb form that is used as an adjective
Example: Sleeping soundly, she got her rest. Chewing loudly, people started to stare.
Gerund Phrase - ANSWER A verb form that is used as a noun
Example: Disciplinging the dogs is a teadious task. Singing to the audience makes me nerv-
ous.
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, Infinitive Phrase - ANSWER to + verb used as an adjective, adverb, or noun
Example: To learn how to read, Ana practices reading everyday before bedtime. To calm her
nerves, Mama Jo knits.
Independent Clause - ANSWER a group of words with a subject and verb that is a com-
plete thought.
Example: It was after midnight and Mother was downstairs.
Subordinate Clause - ANSWER a group of words with a subject and a verb that MUST be
combined with an independent clause to form a complete though.
Example: Mrs. Smith, who was cooking breakfast downstairs at the time, did not hear the
kids leave the house.
Adjective Clause - ANSWER A subordinate clause that, like an adjective, modifies a noun
or pronoun. Usually it starts with a WHO, WHOM, WHICH and THAT.
Example: Maria, WHO I went to school with, is getting married this Saturday. My friends
were surprised THAT the event was kept down low.
Noun Clause - ANSWER A subordinate clause used as a noun
Example: Do you know WHAT THE DOGS WILL DO NEXT?
ANYONE WHO DISCOVERS THE KIDS ARE OUT AT NIGHT will tell police.
Adverb Clause - ANSWER A subordinate clause that, like any adverb, modifies a verb, ad-
jective, or an adverb. Words used before clause (after, before, when, since, unless, while)
Example: Mama Jo knits WHEREVER SHE CAN. The animals get out at night most THAN I DO.
We ate the cookies AFTER dinner.
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